华东师范大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2019, Vol. 2019 ›› Issue (4): 202-211.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2019.04.019

• 河口海岸学 • 上一篇    

强潮河口海岸冲蚀对海堤安全的影响研究

李路1,2, 刘新成1,2, 宋永港1,2, 赵庚润1,2   

  1. 1. 上海市水利工程设计研究院有限公司, 上海 200061;
    2. 上海滩涂海岸工程技术研究中心, 上海 200061
  • 收稿日期:2018-07-29 出版日期:2019-07-25 发布日期:2019-07-18
  • 作者简介:李路,男,高级工程师,博士,主要从事河口海岸动力学研究.E-mail:lilu.swedri@gmail.com.
  • 基金资助:
    上海市科学技术委员会科研项目（14DZ1205200，18DZ1206400）；上海市海洋局科研项目（沪海科2014-05，沪海科2017-05）

Study on the safety of sea dikes against coastal erosion in a strong tidal estuary

LI Lu1,2, LIU Xin-cheng1,2, SONG Yong-gang1,2, ZHAO Geng-run1,2   

  1. 1. Shanghai Water Engineering Design and Research Institute Co. Ltd., Shanghai 200061, China;
    2. Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Coastal Zones, Shanghai 200061, China
  • Received:2018-07-29 Online:2019-07-25 Published:2019-07-18

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摘要： 采用杭州湾北岸典型冲蚀岸段——华电灰坝大堤堤前高分辨率的地形资料，分析了该岸段近年来的岸滩变化，并通过建立长江口杭州湾波浪数学模型，结合相关设计规范计算了该岸段现状地形下的波浪要素，分析了不同滩地冲蚀深度对堤前波浪要素、海堤设防高度和外坡护面的影响.计算结果表明，在200年一遇设计标准下，随着堤前滩地的冲蚀，平均波高和波周期变化不大，但波长和H1%显著增加，导致波浪爬高增加、大堤设防标准下降，其中波长增加是导致波浪爬高增加的主要原因.此外，随着滩地的冲蚀，外坡护面的设计厚度显著增加，在实际设计中应充分考虑安全富余度.

关键词: 海岸冲蚀, 海堤安全, 波浪要素, 堤顶高程, 护坡强度

Abstract: High resolution bathymetric data along the Huadianhuiba sea dike, a typical eroding coast on the northern coastline of Hangzhou Bay, was collected to analyze seabed evolution. A wave model covering the Changjiang Estuary and Hangzhou Bay was built to obtain the wave elements along the sea dike. Then, sensitivity analyses were carried out to calculate the impacts of coastal erosion on the wave elements, the required crest elevation, and the intensity of the seaside dike revetment. The results indicate that under a design condition of a 200 year return period with increasing water depth in front of the sea dike, the mean wave height and wave period are almost stable, while the wave length and H1% are significantly increased. The increased wave length, due to the topography deepening, is found to be a major factor for the subsequent wave run-up, which reduces the defense standard of sea dikes at crest elevation. In addition, the required intensity of the seaside dike revetment increases significantly with the depth of water in front of the sea dike. This indicates that a safety margin should be accounted for in design of the sea dike.

Key words: coastal erosion, safety of sea dike, wave elements, crest elevation, intensity of the seaside dike revetment

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