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    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science) 2013 Vol.2013
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    Sufficient and necessary condition for the chromatic equivalence of a class of graphs
    MA Hai-cheng, LI Sheng-gang
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (1): 1-6.  
    Abstract7971)      PDF (195KB)(2432)      
    A necessary and sufficient condition for the adjoint equivalence of two graphs with the adjoint minimum real root at least $-$4 was given. Based on this result, a necessary and sufficient condition of the chromatic equivalence for the complement graphs of these graphs can be naturally obtained.
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    Linear arboricity of an embedded graph on a surface of large genus
    LV Chang-qing, FANG Yong-lei
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (1): 7-10, 23.  
    Abstract1763)      PDF (294KB)(1664)      
    The linear arboricity of a graph $G$ is the minimum number
    of linear forests which partition the edges of $G$. This paper
    proved that if $G$ can be embedded on a surface of large genus
    without 4-cycle and $\Delta(G)\geq (\sqrt{45-45\varepsilon}+10)$,
    then its linear arboricity is $\lceil \frac{\Delta}{2}\rceil$, where
    $\varepsilon=2-2h$ if the orientable surface with genus
    \,$h(h>1)$\,or $\varepsilon=2-k$ if the nonorientable surface with
    genus \,$k(k>2)$. It improves the bound obtained by J. L. Wu. As an
    application, the linear arboricity of a graph with fewer edges were
    concluded.
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    Estimating the number of short cycles in simple planar graphs
    TANG Bao-xiang, SHI Li-hua, REN Han
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (1): 11-16.  
    Abstract2008)      PDF (283KB)(1934)      
    This paper showed that the number of the shortest cycles
    in a planar graph of order $n$ is at most $O(n^{2})$ and the bound
    is the best possible (subject to the power of $n$) since $K_{n-2,n}$
    contains
    exactly $\frac{(n-2)(n-3)}{2}$ many 4-cycles.
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    Determination of a convex body by the volume of its polar bodies
    WU Li-rong
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (1): 17-23.  
    Abstract1841)      PDF (257KB)(1721)      
    Using tools of spherical harmonics and Hamburger's moment,
    we proved that an origin-symmetric convex body containing a sphere
    of radius $\delta$ in its interior is determined in
    ${\mathbb{R}}^{n}$ by the volume of its polar bodies with respect to
    all the points near the sphere.
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    Bayesian linear unbiased estimator and its robustness under the matrix loss function
    QIU Hong-bing, LUO Ji
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (1): 24-29, 53.  
    Abstract2219)      PDF (343KB)(1994)      
    It was proved that the Bayesian linear unbiased estimator
    of the unknown parameters in a general linear model under the
    quadratic loss function is also the Bayesian linear unbiased
    estimator under the matrix loss function. The robustness of the
    Bayesian linear unbiased estimator of the unknown parameter in terms
    of error distributions was also discussed; moreover, the necessary
    and sufficient conditions are obtained, under which the Bayesian
    linear unbiased estimator of the unknown parameters hold its
    optimality.
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    Regression credibility model with correlation risk under balanced loss function
    HUANG Wei-zhong
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (1): 30-40.  
    Abstract2188)      PDF (334KB)(1978)      
    Firstly the relation between the credibility premium under
    balanced loss function and  quadratic loss function was given. Then
    the linear regression credibility premium with correlation risk
    under balanced loss function was derived. At last the credibility
    premium was expressed in balanced loss function when the target
    estimator was specialized, meanwhile the regression credibility
    model with equal correlation  and common effect risk under balanced
    loss function was discussed.
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    Convergence theorems for the fixed points of two finite families of set-valued asymptotically nonexpansive mappings
    SONG Chuan-jing, WU Jian-rong
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (1): 41-46, 75.  
    Abstract1951)      PDF (328KB)(1850)      
    The common fixed points of two finite families of
    set-valued asymptotically nonexpansive mappings were studied in real
    uniformly convex Banach spaces. A finite-step iteration process for
    these two families was introduced, and some strong convergence
    theorems for this scheme were proved. The results improve and extend
    some recent relative results.
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    Small-amplitude limit cycles of some non-smooth Li\'{e}nard systems
    LIU Xia, LIU Yan-wei
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (1): 47-53.  
    Abstract1678)      PDF (198KB)(1864)      
    Based on the results by HAN Mao-an, et al. for computing
    some focus values of non-smooth Li\'{e}nard systems, the number of
    limit cycles bifurcated from the origin of some more general
    non-smooth Li\'{e}nard systems were given by using maple process.
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    Normal families related to shared values
    LI San-hua, LIU Zhong-dong, WU Gao-xiang
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (1): 54-60, 75.  
    Abstract1791)      PDF (363KB)(1796)      
    Let $\F$ be a family of meromorphic functions on a domain
    $D$, $a$ and $b$ be two nonzero finite complex numbers($\frac{a}{b}$
    not positive integer). If for every $f \in \F$, $f(z) = a
    \Rightarrow f^{(k)}(z) = a$, and the zeros multiplicity of $f - a$
    is at least $k$, and $|f(z) - a| \geq \varepsilon$ ($\varepsilon >
    0)$ whenever $f^{(k)}(z) = b$, then $\F$ is normal on $D$.
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    Cells of the affine Weyl group $\widetilde{\bm C}_{\bm 4}$ in quasi-split case
    YUE Ming-shi
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (1): 61-75.  
    Abstract2385)      PDF (1368KB)(2038)      
    The affine Weyl group $(\widetilde{C}_4,\,S)$ can be
    considered as the fixed point set of the affine Weyl group
    $(\widetilde{A}_7,\,\widetilde{S})$ under a certain group
    automorphism $\alpha$. Let
    $\widetilde{l}:\widetilde{A}_7\longrightarrow \mathbf{\mathbf{N}}$
    be the length function of\,$\widetilde{A}_7$. The restriction of
    $\widetilde{l}$ on $\widetilde{C}_4$, denoted by $L$, is a weighted
    function on $\widetilde{C}_4$. This paper classified the cells in
    weighted Coxteger group\,$(\widetilde{C}_4,\,L)$.
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    Left-connectedness of left cells in the Weyl Group of type E6
    MI Qian-qian, SHI Jian-yi
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (1): 76-90.  
    Abstract1795)      PDF (265KB)(1777)      
    We showed that all the left cells in the Weyl group $E_{6}$
    were left-connected, verifying a conjecture of Lusztig in our
    case.
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    Left cells in the weighted Coxeter group ${\bm {\widetilde C}_{\bm n}}$
    HUANG Qian
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (1): 91-103, 114.  
    Abstract2296)      PDF (558KB)(1885)      
    The fixed point set of the affine Weyl group
    ($\widetilde{A}_{2n},\widetilde{S}$) under a certain group
    automorphism $\alpha$ with $\alpha\,(\widetilde{S}) = \widetilde{S}$
    can be considered as the affine Weyl group ($\widetilde{C}_n,S$).
    Then the left and two-sided cells of the weighted Coxeter group
    ($\widetilde{C}_n,\widetilde{\ell}$), where $\widetilde{\ell}$ is
    the length function of $\widetilde{A}_{2n}$, can be given an
    explicit description  by studying the fixed point set of the affine
    Weyl group ($\widetilde{A}_{2n},\widetilde{S}$) under $\alpha$. We
    describe the cells of ($\widetilde{C}_n,\widetilde{\ell}$)
    corresponding to the partitions
    $\textbf{k}\textbf{1}^{\textbf{2n+1-k}}$ with $1\leqslant k
    \leqslant 2n+1$ and $(2n-1,2)$.
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    Properties of strongly infinite ${\bm{C^{\ast}}}$-algebras
    LIANG Yue-liang
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (1): 104-114.  
    Abstract1700)      PDF (211KB)(1941)      
    null
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    Giant magneto-impedance on glass-coated microwires with copper layer
    WANG Rui-li, RUAN Jian-zhong, KONG Xiang-hong, YANG Wei, WANG Jiang-tao, ZHAO Zhen-jie
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (1): 115-120.  
    Abstract2060)      PDF (1871KB)(1993)      
    The amorphous wires of nominal compositions Fe73.0Cu1.0Nb2.0Si13.5B9.0 were prepared by glass-coating melt-spinning method. Then, the wires were annealed at 480~650 ℃ for 30 min in nitrogen atmosphere. The composite wires with copper layer using electroless deposition were produced, a thin layer of copper deposited onto the microwires annealed at 570 ℃. The morphology of composite microwires was observed using SEM. The giant magnetoimpedance effect on the samples was investigated. The results show that soft magnetic properties of the specimen can improve its MI ratio. The electromagnetic interactions between the ferromagnetic core and the copper layer can also affect MI ratio.
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    Study on the conductivity of P(MMA-St)/MWNTs composites after temperature modification
    ZHI Hui, XU Xue-cheng
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (1): 121-127, 138.  
    Abstract1937)      PDF (2347KB)(1907)      
    Methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer/multiwalled carbon nanotubes (P(MMA-St)/MWNTs) composites were prepared via situ emulsion polymerization and the influence of temperature modification on the conductivity of the composites was studied. The results indicated that the conductivity of the composite in the threshold value was increased by 2 orders of magnitude after temperature modification at 200 ℃ for 1 h. The relationship between the structure, interaction and properties of the composites were initiated by FTIR, XPS and XRD. After temperature modification some ester and acid in the PMMA change into anhydride. The change can prolong the effective conjugation and enhance the interaction between copolymers and MWNTs that the conductivity of composites improved.
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    Simultaneous determination of phenolic pollutants in wastewater using CE-AD
    LI Zi-cheng, TANG Wan-rong, ZHU Jin-kun, WANG Qing-jiang, HE Pin-gang, FANG Yu-zhi
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (1): 128-138.  
    Abstract2372)      PDF (896KB)(2007)      
    A method based on capillary electrophoresis coupled with amperometric detection (CE-AD) was developed for the simultaneous determination of phenols: 2,4-dichlorophenol, p-nitrophenol, o-cresol, m-cresol and p-cresol. The effects of working electrode potential, pH and concentration of running buffer, separation voltage and injection time on CE-AD were investigated. Under the optimum conditions, the aim analytes could be separated in buffer solution of Na2HPO4-NaOH at pH 11.38 within 25 min. A 300 μm diameter carbon disk electrode generated good current responses at +0.78 V ( vs SCE) for all analytes. The current responses were linear with concentrations over three orders of magnitude with detection limits at 10-7mol/L (S/N=3) and the recoveries were in the range of 94.0%~107.0%. This method could be successfully applied to the analysis of actual sample from coking plants with satisfactory results.
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    Newly recorded plants in Shanghai (VI)
    LI Hong-qing, XIONG Shen-zhan, CHEN Ji-yun, GUI Ping, HU Chao
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (1): 139-144.  
    Abstract2359)      PDF (1053KB)(2128)      
    A newly exotic genus Kickxia Dumort.(Scrophulariaceae) is recorded in Shanghai and China. And 11 newly recorded species are found in Shanghai, namely, Kickxia elatine (L.) Dumort., Amaranthus polygonoides L., Ampelopsis japonica (Thunb.) Makino, Asarum forbesii Maxim., Ammannia multiflora Roxb., Elymus shandongensis B. Salomon, Rorippa dubia (Pers.) H. Hara, Cardamine scutata Thunb., Corydalis sheareri S. Moore, Basella alba L. and Melochia corchorifolia L. respectively.
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    Effects of turbulence on the behavior of endogenous nitrogen in malodorous river
    ZHANG Yi-fan, CHEN Yu-xia, HE Yan, HUANG Min-sheng
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (2): 1-10.  
    Abstract2651)      PDF (2147KB)(2206)      
    A simulation system was designed for river sediment resuspension. Four different aeration turbulent intensity working conditions and one static control were set up. Flow velocities under different turbulent intensities and their dissolved oxygen concentrations were measured. The Reynolds number (Re) of each condition was calculated. The migration and transformation behaviors of four nitrogen forms (ammonia, nitrite, nitrate and total nitrogen in overlying water and pore water from fluid mud layer and black layer) were analyzed. The results showed that DO concentration distributed with various aeration turbulent intensities, which lead different transformation pathways of occurrence of endogenous nitrogen .Under the condition of 28.8~32.0 cm/s flow velocities and 1 810~2 113 the Reynolds numbers, ammonia and total nitrogen in overlying water exhibited better removal efficiency, indicating that turbulent intensity played a significant role in the transformation process of endogenous ammonia and total nitrogen. Compared with static control regime, areation made the fluid mud layer have a higher nitrite and nitrate concentration, it may diffuse to overlying water and black layer. The diffusion nitrite and nitrate in black layer should adopt denitrification or anaerobic ammonium oxidation pathways to remove endogenous nitrogen under hypoxia or anaerobic condition.
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    Regeneration pattern and limitation of understory woody plants of artificial forest in Shanghai
    ZHANG Jing, GUO Xue-yan, DA Liang-jun, WANG Jie,HUI Xiao-ping, GENG Ye
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (2): 11-19.  
    Abstract2544)      PDF (947KB)(2070)      
    Combining the method of French-Swiss schools and that of British-American schools, species composition, diversity, frequency, regeneration patterns of different communities and structures, limitation factors of understory woody plants in the artificial plantation of Shanghai central city and the Green Belt were studied from 2007 to 2009 in 908 plots. The result showed that: ① The species richness in understory layer were much more abundant than in the upper layer, the species diversity of the needle broad-leaved mixed forest and the mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest were much higher than the other community types, and so did the tree-shrub-herb structure and the tree-herb structure compared with the shrub-herb structure. ② 101 woody plant species were detected in the regeneration layer including 33 evergreen species and 68 deciduous species; only 36 species which mainly composed of deciduous broad-leaved trees and native species had the frequency of more than 1%; 〖WTBX〗Ligustrum lucidum〖WTBZ〗 and〖WTBX〗 Cinnamomum camphora〖WTBZ〗 appeared in more than half of the communities,the rates of frequency are 58.6% and 53.7%, respectively. ③ It was suggested that the seed sources and dispersal, light intensity, the soil moisture and the coverage of the regeneration layer were the key limitation of understory vegetation regeneration.
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    Within-community variability of plant leaf N and P contents in Tiantong, Zhejiang Province
    KANG Meng, XIE Yi-ming, XU Yue, XU Yi-lu, YAN En-rong
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (2): 20-29, 49.  
    Abstract3184)      PDF (1298KB)(2183)      
    Exploring inter- and intra-specific variations in leaf N and P contents and their relationship with other community properties is important for revealing community assembly. In this study a plot with size of 40 m×40 m, containing 46 species and 554 individuals, was selected in an evergreen broad-leaved forest (EBLF) in Tiantong region, Zhejiang Province. The N and P contents in foliage of each individual were quantified. The inter- and intra-specific variations in leaf N and P stoichiometry and their relationship with each of community height, individual size and micro-environmental conditions were analyzed. It was found that ① the mean of N and P contents and N/P was (16.7±5.11) mg·g -1, (0.44±0.25) mg·g -1, and (44.99±23.53) mg·g -1, respectively; ② leaf N and P stoichiometry at community level can be accurately estimated by the weighted mean value resulting from the most abundant species; ③ inter-species scale was responsible for the relatively large variance of leaf N contents, while intra-species scale was accounted for the relatively large variation in P content; and ④ leaf N and P increased with increasing plant light exposure. It was concluded that variation in N and P contents is determined by both inter- and intra species differences, but P content is mainly controlled by community environment under P limited conditions.
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    Study on the spatial pattern of Shanghai crime based upon GIS
    ZHONG Hai-dong, WU Jian-ping, YU Bai-lang, WANG Zhan-hong
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (2): 30-37, 55.  
    Abstract3188)      PDF (3172KB)(2679)      
    After discussing the advantages of using GIS in urban crime research and reviewing the research status based on GIS in home and abroad, this paper studied then the spatial pattern of Shanghai crimes (robbery, racketeering, theft and fraud) by applying ArcGIS, based on crime data of 2006 from Shanghai Public Security Bureau. The research shows there is an obvious concentration characteristics of the crime events within the outer ring road of Shanghai, especially in the central urban space, and there is a significant time pattern of Shanghai crimes, with the “hot spot” in the People’s Square. The result can be used as a useful support or basis for policy makers and the police departments for active crime attacks and preventions.
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    Method for identifying individual street trees from the cloud data of the vehicle-borne laser scanning points
    WU Bin, YU Bai-lang, YUE Wen-hui, TAN Wen-qi, HU Chun-ling, WU Jian-ping
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (2): 38-49.  
    Abstract2890)      PDF (7825KB)(2421)      
    This paper presents a new layered extraction method for identifying laser scanning points that constitute an individual street tree using the grid points density information based on the cloud data of the laser scanning points. The characteristic information, including the height and crown diameter, were derived after an individual tree was identified. The original 3D points cloud data were processed by the following steps: establishing regular grids, layering the points cloud based on elevation value, calculating grid points density for each layer, extracting laser scanning points for each layer, identifying individual tree, and deriving characteristic information. The feasibility of the method was proved through case studies. The results show most of the laser scanning points that constitute an individual tree are extracted correctly. And the derived characteristic information was estimated to be as fairly accurate as the in situ data. The proposed method will expand the application domain of VLS and provide a new approach to the urban green space development and management.
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    Relationship between the mean tidal level and the half-tide level in the Yangtze River estuary
    MAO Xing-hua, GU Sheng-hua, MO Dan-feng, LI Qi
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (2): 50-55.  
    Abstract3136)      PDF (2109KB)(2320)      
    Using the observational data of Wusong, Gaoqiao, Puzhen, and Luchaogang tidal stations of the Yangtze River estuary in recent years, and by the method of single factor linear regression, the relationships between the mean tidal level and the mean half-tide level were analyzed. The results showed that all stations have very good linear relationship between these levels. Based on this relationship, the mean tidal level can be calculated by using the high and low tide data. As the sea level of certain sea area is calculated using its representative station average of the whole point tide level in certain time, in case of the lack of long series of tidal data, the method here can help us to calculate the mean tidal level indirectly, and further to calculate the sea levels effectively.
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    Monitoring of the airborne pollen grains in Shanghai
    HUANG Jian-hua, WANG You-fang, SHEN Chun-lin, LYU Sen-lin
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (2): 56-62.  
    Abstract2645)      PDF (825KB)(2558)      
    In order to investigate the quantity, species and distribution pattern of the airborne pollen grains in Shanghai, a one-year monitoring project using Cour samplers from October 2009 was carried out in six sites of Shanghai.A total of 5 324 164 pollen grains were collected, ineluding 32 families, 27 genera or species. The largest quantity of the grains was observed in Putuo District and was followed by Songjiang, Zhabei, Pudong, Xuhui and Baoshan District in that order. Songjiang District has the most diverse species of pollen grains (48) and Xuhui has the least (37).The most commonly observed types are 〖WTBX〗Humulus〖WTBZ〗 scandens, 〖WTBX〗Platanus,〖WTBZ〗 Pinaceae, Taxodiaceae, Gramineae,〖WTBX〗 Ulmus〖WTBZ〗, 〖WTBX〗Artemisia〖WTBZ〗 and 〖WTBX〗 Salix〖WTBZ〗.The peak of the grains distribution occurred during two seasons of the year: spring (March and April) and autumn (September).
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    Present status and development of the birdwatching in mainland China
    CHENG Yi-xin, WANG Jun-yan, HE Xin, MA Zhi-jun
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (2): 63-74.  
    Abstract2709)      PDF (1016KB)(2954)      
    This study collected and analyzed data on the present status and development of the birdwatching societies, birdwatchers, and birdwatching activites in mainland China through the methods of questionnaire, interview, etc. The study shows that, during the last decade, birdwatching societies and birdwatchers have been growing rapidly. There are over 20 000 birdwatchers in mainland China, over 5 000 of which have joined local birdwatching societies. Birdwatching societies have carried out various activities, such as birding, public environmental education, bird survey, etc. The societies have also worked collaboratively with reserves/parks, NGOs, Schools and local governments. However, fund is the biggest challenge of them, and they need urgent help. This paper, based on the investigation, gives the following suggestions for the development of birdwatching societies: Enhance the level of internal organizational construction; improve the participation and ability of the members on birdwatching societies; strengthen cooperation with governments and media; promote birdwatching ecotourism and enhance the diversity of funding sources.
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    Decreased klotho expression and elevated blood phosphate level in presenilin PS1/PS2 conditional double knockout mice
    WANG Dong, ZHAI Wen-zhu, SU Jing-jing, MENG Bo,ZHAO Zheng, HU Jin-feng
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (2): 75-83, 91.  
    Abstract4668)      PDF (1028KB)(2171)      
    In this study, we investigated the expression of klotho, an anti-aging gene, and its involvement of premature aging phenotypes of presenilin 1/presenilin 2 conditional double knockout (PS cDKO) mice. The results showed that renal klotho level was significantly decreased in 12-month-old female PS cDKO mice when compared with control mice. Meanwhile, significant elevations of plasma phosphorus but slight reduction of calcium and almost no sign of renal dysfunction were observed. In PS cDKO brains, down-regulated klotho level was observed as early as 3 months of age. These findings indicate a possible role of klotho in the disorders of PS cDKO mice. The declined klotho expression may be responsible for the excess blood phosphate, but it seems that such a moderate decline in klotho level and impaired phosphate metabolism were not sufficient to elicit renal dysfunction in PS cDKO mice. However, as klotho is an anti-oxidative and anti-inflammation factor, klotho decline may contribute to the increased oxidative stress and inflammation in PS cDKO mice.
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    Cyclo (L-Pro-L-Phe) dipeptide: the potential phosphodiesterase inhibitors
    WU Jin, LU Xiao-ming, DUAN Ya-le
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (2): 84-91.  
    Abstract2108)      PDF (1036KB)(1891)      
    A stable GPR41 receptor cell line was used to screen candidate agonist from the secondary metabolites extracted from gulf seaweed aflatoxin c-f-3 in Putian Fujian. The cAMP results have shown that the No.17 compound Cyclo (L-Pro-L-Phe), belonging to cyclic dipeptide, is able to increase intracellular cAMP in a variety of cells (including G41-CHO, G12-CHO, Mock-CHO, SH-sy5y and HEK293). We have demonstrated that No.17 compound induced cAMP increase in a GPCR-independent manner. Co-adminstration of adenylate cyclase activating agent forskolin and No.17 compound can lead to a further increase in cAMP level compared with those treated with forskolin alone. These results have suggested that No.17 compound may induce a sustained elevation of cAMP levels by inhibiting cAMP hydrolysis. Since No.17 compound shared similar chemical structures with some known PDE inhibitors, which may be a potential of phosphodiesterase inhibitors. This is the first report that Cyclo(L-Pro-L-Phe) could regulate cAMP formation in a variety of cells (G41-CHO, G12-CHO, Mock-CHO, SH-sy5y and HEK293).
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    Compatibility characteristics of acellular porcine heart valve matrix co-crosslinked with procyanidins and glutaraldehyde
    MA Xu-bing, ZHAI Wan-yin, ZHANG Jia-min, ZHU Zi-yan,ZHANG Hong-feng, CHANG Jiang
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (2): 92-102.  
    Abstract5583)      PDF (3608KB)(2884)      
    The clinical used bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs) were prepared from biological tissues by glutaraldehyde (GA) crosslinking. But the clinical application of BHVs is limited mainly due to calcification, cytotoxicity and remaining immunogenicity. Procyanidins (PC) can crosslink acellular heart valve matrix (AHVM) through hydrogen bond formation and prevent AHVM from calcification. The aim of this study is to modify GA crosslinking method using PC co-crosslinking to produce a much ideal material with higher compatibility for BHV preparation. Porcine aortic AHVM was crosslinked by 8 mg/mL PC for 4 h and then by 1.25 mg/mL GA for 44 h. The co-crosslinked AHVM was tested for cytocompatibility, blood compatibility and immunogenicity. The results showed that the in vitro adhesion rate of valvular interstitial cells on co-crosslinked AHVM was increased by 59% (78.75%~19.75%)when compared with that of GA-crosslinking. There was no difference in hemolysis between co- and GA- or PC-crosslinked AHVM. The co-crosslinked AHVM exhibited significant anti-thrombosis effect ((193±15.5) platelets) when compared with that of GA-crosslinked ((292.6±24.93) platelets). Furthermore, co-crosslinked AHVM displayed lower immunogenicity than that of GA-crosslinked ((49.33±6.3)% vs (95.27±5.26)%, cell adhesive rate). These results suggest that co-crosslinked AHVM has high potential to be used for preparation of BHVs.
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    Association study of MC1R coding region polymorphisms and pigment phenotype in Chinese Han population
    GU Hai-ying, ZHENG Hong-xia, LU Yang-yang, HU Hai-qun, LI Yue-yue,ZHANG Li, HE Ya-nan, WU Qi-han
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (2): 103-110.  
    Abstract2999)      PDF (547KB)(2214)      
    Skin cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Researches on western population indicated that the polymorphism of several candidate regulatory genes including 〖STBX〗MC1R〖STB3〗 could increase the risk for developing skin cancer through influencing human pigment characteristics. In our study, for the first time we evaluated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of 〖STBX〗MC1R〖STB3〗 was associated with the pigment phenotypic characteristics like skin color in Chinese Han population. 7 polymorphism sites (c.200G>A, c.274G>A, c.359T>C, c.421G>A, c.488G>A, c.497C>G, and c.942A>G) were found in the coding region of 〖STBX〗MC1R〖STB3〗 gene in our samples, among which c.421G>A and c.497C>G were the first time to report polymorphic in Chinese Han population. Additionally, c.942A>G was found to be associated with skin color, its mutant homozygous GG was associated with light skin color (P=0.044, OR=0.16, 95% CI: 0.03~0.95). And the mutant heterozygous genotype GA of c.359T>C was associated with less number of freckles (P=0.040, OR=5.76, 95% CI: 1.05~31.53). 〖JP2〗The work indicated that variations in 〖STBX〗MC1R〖STB3〗 coding region indeed had some relation with pigment characteristics in Chinese Han population, which has reference value in clinical analysis.
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    Several inequalities of the $\vec g$-expectation
    YANG Cong, JIANG Long
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (2): 111-115, 123.  
    Abstract2530)      PDF (272KB)(2121)      
    Based on the related properties of the backward stochastic
    differential equations and the $g$-expectation, Markov inequality,
    Chebyshev inequality and Cantelli inequality of the $g$-expectation
    were proved.
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    Some minimax inequalities for vector valued mappings
    YANG Ruo-yu
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (2): 116-123.  
    Abstract1706)      PDF (181KB)(1990)      
    By using a linear scalarization function and minimax
    equalities in scalar case, some types of minimax inequalities for
    vector-valued functions were established under natural quasi cone
    convex and properly quasi cone convex assumptions. An example was
    given to illustrate that the result is a generalization of the
    corresponding one in reference.
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    (2,1)-total labelling of some general\\[1mm] crown graphs of circle
    LIU Xiu-li
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (2): 124-130.  
    Abstract1754)      PDF (156KB)(2195)      
    The coloring problem of (2,1)-total labelling of some
    graphs was related to frequency assignment problems. By using the
    eternal coloring method, a new labelling method according to the
    feature of the general crown graphs of circle was given and the
    (2,1)-total numbers of these graphs was obtained. And the
    (2,1)-total labelling of graphs extends the total coloring of
    graphs.
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    Lower semicontinuity to parametric lexicographic vector equilibrium problems
    FANG Zhi-miao, ZHANG Yu, CHEN Tao
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (2): 131-135, 145.  
    Abstract1686)      PDF (280KB)(2519)      
    In this paper, a parametric vector equilibrium problem in a
    lexicographic order was first introduced. Then, by using an
    auxiliary problem, the lower semicontinuity of the solution set map
    was established based on the density of the solution set mapping for
    a parametric lexicographic vector equilibrium problem.
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    Representation theorem of generators for BSDEs with infinite time intervals
    ZHANG Heng-min, FAN Sheng-jun
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (2): 136-145.  
    Abstract2050)      PDF (289KB)(2292)      
    Under the non-uniform Lipschitz condition (in $t$) of the
    generator $g$ with respect to $(y,z)$ for backward stochastic
    differential equations (BSDEs), a representation theorem of
    generators and a converse theorem of solutions were established for
    BSDEs with a finite or an infinite time intervals, which extend some
    existing results.
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    General result on precise asymptotics for self-normalized sums
    LU Zhen-gang, JIANG Yu-qiu
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (2): 146-153, 159.  
    Abstract1969)      PDF (348KB)(2087)      
    Gien a sequence of i.i.d.~nondegenerate random variables
    with zero means and belonging to the domain of attraction of the
    normal law, by the weak convergence theorem and the tail probability
    inequalities of the independent and identically distributed
    sequence, a general result on precise asymptotics for the
    self-normalized sums with generalized boundary functions has been
    proved. It can describe the relations among the weighted function,
    boundary function, convergence rate and limit value, then the known
    results of this field are improved and extended.
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    Normal families on sequence of omitted functions
    YANG Liu, CHEN Qiao-yu
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (2): 154-159.  
    Abstract1787)      PDF (246KB)(1790)      
    Let~$\{f_{n}\}$~be a sequence  of meromorphic functions on
    a domain~$D$,~all of whose zeros have multiplicity at least $ 3$,and
    each of which has a multiple pole. Let $\{h_{n}\}$~be a sequence of
    meromorphic functions on~$D$, such that~$\{h_{n}\}$~converges
    spherically locally uniformly to  a function~$h$ which is
    meromorphic and zero-free on $D$. If~$f'_{n}\ne h_{n}$,
    then~$\{f_{n}\}$~is normal on~$D$.
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    Conformal transformation between some Finsler Einstein spaces
    ZHANG Xiao-ling
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (2): 160-166.  
    Abstract2018)      PDF (176KB)(3365)      
    Liouville's Theorem proved that the Euclidean space can be
    mapped conformally on itself only by a composition of M\"{o}bius
    transformations. For Riemann spaces, Brinkmann obtained general
    results. Little work has been done on Finsler spaces. This paper, by
    navigation idea and properties of conformal map, proved that the
    conformal transformation between Einstein Randers (or Kropina)
    spaces must be homothetic.
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    Techniques for estimating click-through rates of Web advertisements: A survey
    JI Wen-di, WANG Xiao-ling, ZHOU Ao-ying
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (3): 1-14.  
    Abstract6135)      PDF (1639KB)(7741)      
    Computational advertising is a kind of advertising mechanism which has the capability to find the most suitable ads for given users and web content, so as to advertises them accurately. Therefore, estimating click-through rate (CTR) precisely makes significant difference in the efficiency of advertising on the Internet. Ad click-through rate prediction is to estimate CTR with click log, which is influenced by the nature features of ad, the position, the page information, user properties, the reputation of advertisers and such other factors. This paper is aimed to illustrate useful CTR prediction models, including CTR models for ads of abundant history data, CTR models for rare ads or new ads and some optimization models. Finally, the implementation methods with real data set were demonstrated as examples.
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    Click-through rate prediction of online advertisements based on probabilistic graphical model
    YUE Kun, WANG Chao-lu, ZHU Yun-lei, WU Hao, LIU Wei-yi
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (3): 15-25.  
    Abstract5725)      PDF (1294KB)(7015)      
    CTR (Click-Through Rate) prediction can be used to improve users’ satisfaction with respect to the presented online advertisements (ads) and support effective advertising. CTR prediction is the basis for personalized recommendation of online ads. It is also necessary to re-commend ads and predict their CTRs for the users that have no historical click-through records. In this paper, we adopted BN (Bayesian network), an important probabilistic graphical model, as the framework for representing and inferring the similarity and the corresponding uncertainty of the behaviors in ad search of different users. First, we constructed the BN to reflect the similarity between users by means of statistic computations on the historical records of user’s ad search. Then, we measured the behavior similarity between the users with click-through records and those without records quantitatively based on the mechanism of BN’s probabilistic inferences. Consequently, we predicted the CTRs of ads with respect to the users without historical click-through records, in order to provide a metric for ad recommendation. We made experiments on the training data of Tencent CA from KDD Cup 2012-Track 2 and tested the effectiveness of our methods.
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    Application of reverse rank-aware queries in the Internet advertising
    ZHANG Zhao, SHEN Kai-wen, GONG Xue-qing
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (3): 26-36,53.  
    Abstract2082)      PDF (1771KB)(2496)      
    The matching of the products’ features and users’ preferences is the key issue of the Internet Advertising. This paper introduced several important database query techniques bringing convenience for the information matching, provides their definitions and extended SQL, and the emphasis would be on reverse rank-aware queries. In the mean time, an example to demonstrate these query techniques was given. At last, the conclusion and vision were presented.
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    Towards the next generation of mobile recommender systems
    SONG Le-yi, XIONG Hui, ZHANG Rong
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (3): 37-45.  
    Abstract4009)      PDF (392KB)(4627)      
    Recommender systems aim to identify content of interest from overloaded information by exploiting the opinions of a community of users. Due to the complexity of spatial data and the unclear roles of context-aware information, developing personalized recommender systems in mobile and pervasive environments is more challenging than developing recommender systems from traditional domains. This paper introduced classic recommendation techniques and unique features in mobile recommender systems, as well as the challenges in mobile enviroment. Based on two cases, taxi driving route recommendation and personalized travel package recommendation, we formulated the mobile sequential recommendation (MSR) problem and constrained travel recommendation. Finally, we gave a brief solution of the mobile recommender problem respectively.
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    Recommendation in E-commerce
    YU Wen-zhe, ZHANG Rong, WANG Li
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (3): 46-53.  
    Abstract3585)      PDF (1458KB)(3746)      
    For e-commerce sites, in order to promote the development and win more benefits, attracting and keeping the customers becomes very important. One of the most useful technologies is recommendation algorithms. In e-commerce sites, sidebar advertising is a common form of recommendation, which can be divided into three main categories: content-based, collaborative filtering and hybrid recommendation algorithms. However, current recommendation algorithms are challenged by new application requirements, such as diversification, personalization, intelligentization and timeliness. It is urgent to design new algorithms to meet these requirements.
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    Strategy for online advertising based on fuzzily clustering Web pages
    PENG Dun-lu, YAO Nan, XU Wen-jie
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (3): 54-59,69.  
    Abstract1718)      PDF (832KB)(2625)      
    With the rapid development of online advertising, the competition in Ad marketing is becoming more and more intense. It is important to accurately target for enhancing the ROI of online advertising. This paper proposes the definitions of the eigenvector space and eigenvector model of web pages for online advertising.Based on these concepts, it presents a fuzzy vector representation and its generating method for online advertising web pages. To accurately target advertising, it exploits a fuzzy clustering approach to partition web pages. A group of experiments has been conducted to verify the advertising efficiency and effectiveness with the proposed approach.
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    Research on the mechanism design and measure of quality for online advertising in consideration of reputation
    YIN Hong, XU Yan-ru, WANG Chang-bo
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (3): 60-69.  
    Abstract2089)      PDF (1440KB)(2622)      
    How to get the maximum profit with online advertising is the most concern issue for advertisers. However, only pursuing the Click Through Rate maybe can not bring the maximum profit, which even induces huge amounts of network fraud information and fraudulent transaction. Considering the factors of the advertisers’ reputation, matching degree of product and clicking value, based on the mechanism design theory, an optimal launching mechanism for online advertising was proposed here, Further, the quality measure of advertise launching was calculated based on our mechanism. Through the final simulation testing and visual analysis, it was shown that our mechanism considering reputation has superiority on the launching efficiency.
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    Advertising targeting with user segmentation
    GONG Xue-qing, WANG Li, HE Xiao-feng
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (3): 70-78.  
    Abstract2142)      PDF (903KB)(2353)      
    Online advertising becomes increasingly important in the E-commerce age. Compared to traditional advertising media such as newspaper and TV channels, online advertising has the advantage of better precise targeting of the ads consumers due to the flexibility of digit content recommendation and personalization. The application of targeting techniques boosts the accurate delivery of ads to interested users. In this paper, we discuss the advance of advertising targeting both in research communities and industry.We show that targeted delivery of the ads by means of user segmentation can greatly increase the CTR of the advertising.
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    Query analysis for search engine in E-commerce Web sites
    FENG Liang, SHA Chao-feng
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (3): 79-83,105.  
    Abstract1651)      PDF (530KB)(2728)      
    In most E-commerce web sites, key word search is an important way for users to find commodities, and calculation of the term weights is a major step for search engine to process queries. In order to overcome the shortness of existing methods in calculation of term weights in query processing, this paper proposed a new method, which combines importance with relevance of terms when calculating term weights. It effectively improves the correctness of the determination of the term weights, and is practical and reliable.
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    Motu ad serving technology
    GUO Xin-yu, CAI Wen-yuan
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (3): 84-92,105.  
    Abstract2555)      PDF (1835KB)(2571)      
    After elaborating on the classification and characteristics of online advertising, this paper pointed out three shortcomings of image ads: fewer creative advertising,poor information transfer efficiency and low conversion. Then, in order to overcome these shortcomings,  the concept of Motu (Magic Pictures) technology was proposed. Motu technology makes image ads no longer be confined to the traditional banners, windows and other forms, so as to take full advantage of the resources about the site’s images instead.Each image will become the source of the advertising revenue to increase the effective impressions and improve advertising conversion efficiency.With the minimum advertising investment, outstanding user experience and significant advertisement effect,Motu technology fully meets the concept of “images are advertising”.
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    Survey of online advertising target
    GUO Xin-yu, LIU Peng, ZHOU Min-qi, ZHOU Ao-ying
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (3): 93-105.  
    Abstract3372)      PDF (1139KB)(5579)      
    Online advertising has sprung up and shown its diversity for decades. With the rapid increase of online advertising markets,a growing numbers of advertisers want to deliver ads related to their products or services to specific users with less expenditure. They expect these users have great interest in their products or services and have good intersection with ads(users see the ads, click it, registration or buy the products). Thus the concept of “advertising target” is proposed. This chapter discusses several classification of advertising target and for each category we elaborate on its application scenarios. We then summary and contrast the important advertising target methods and models used in recent years.
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    Online advertising systems and related technology evolution
    SONG Le-yi, GONG Xue-qing, ZHANG Rong, LIU Peng
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (3): 106-117.  
    Abstract4640)      PDF (1590KB)(6115)      
    This paper introduced the background and related techniques of online advertising market. While different types of online ads may imply different computational advertising techniques in the backend system, this paper provided a rational classification method of online advertising formats. The category of online advertising given in this paper covers existing and potential types in the domain. Further, the advertising platform have evolved in several major phases or generations, particularly ad server, ad network and ad exchange. We showed the system architectures of the advertising systems mentioned above, by discussing the main function modules and interfaces. Our work aims to give a comprehensive and detailed description of the online advertising systems from the view of computation. Besides, the surveys in our work can provide essential background knowledge for computational advertising related research.
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    Efficient implementation for LDA in Mahout
    XU Bo-xi, HU Ning, CHEN Wen-bin, GAO Wei-guo, CHENG Jin
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (3): 118-130.  
    Abstract5209)      PDF (423KB)(3626)      
    In a careful study of Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA)
    using Gibbs sampling and the MapReduce framework, an efficient
    implementation for LDA in Mahout was achieved. The experiments
    showed the high performance of this distributed parallel LDA
    program, and several issues about enhancing performance were
    discussed.
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    Predictor homotopy analysis method and its application to two nonlinear systems
    JIANG Bing-li, LIU Yin-ping
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (3): 131-139,148.  
    Abstract1601)      PDF (302KB)(2345)      
    Based on traditional homotopy analysis method (HAM), this
    method (PHAM) introduced a so-called prescribed  parameter and
    associated condition to prove whether a nonlinear differential
    system admits multiple solutions. The PHAM was applied to two
    nonlinear differential systems and multiple solutions of associated
    system were obtained.
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    Geometric singular perturbation approach to singular singularly perturbed systems
    LU Hai-bo, NI Ming-kang, WU Li-meng
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (3): 140-148.  
    Abstract1675)      PDF (196KB)(2490)      
    Singularly perturbed systems for which the reduced system
    has a manifold of solutions are called singular singularly
    perturbed. Boundary value problems for such systems were examined by
    geometric singular perturbation approach in this paper. Assumptions
    were derived which ensure the existence of a locally unique solution
    which is near a singular orbit of the dynamics of limiting fast and
    slow systems.
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    Global nonexistence for nonlinear $p(x)$-Kirchhoff systems with dynamic boundary conditions
    LI Xi-liu, MU Chun-lai, ZENG Rong, ZHOU Shou-ming
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (3): 149-163,175.  
    Abstract1682)      PDF (271KB)(2161)      
    This paper considered the global non-existence of solutions
    of nonlinear $p(x)$-Kirchhoff systems with dynamic boundary
    conditions, which involve nonlinear external damping terms $Q$ and
    nonlinear driving forces $f$. Through the study of the natural
    energy associated to the solutions $u$ of the systems, the
    nonexistence of global solutions, when the initial energy is
    controlled above by a critical value was proved. And the
    $p$-Kirchhoff equations involving the quasilinear homogeneous
    $p$-Laplace operator were extended to the $p(x)$-Kirchhoff equations
    which have been used in the last decades to model various
    phenomena.
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    Nonsingularity of the reciprocal power matrices on three quasi-coprime divisor chains
    LUO Miao, TAN Qian-rong
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (3): 164-168,175.  
    Abstract1916)      PDF (251KB)(2106)      
    The authors first obtained formulae for the determinants of
    reciprocal power GCD matrix and reciprocal power LCM matrix defined
    on a set $S$ consisting of three quasi-coprime divisor chains with
    $\gcd (S)\in S$. Consequently, it was showed that the reciprocal
    power GCD matrix and the reciprocal power LCM matrix defined on $S$
    with $\gcd (S)\in S$ are nonsingular. But such result is not true
    when $S$ consists of three divisor chains which are not
    quasi-coprime.
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    Implicit function theorem and codimension estimation relative to ${\bm t}$-${\bm P}$-${\mathcal{K}}$-equivalence
    XU Jing-bo, CHEN Liang, SUN Wei-zhi
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (3): 169-175.  
    Abstract1799)      PDF (287KB)(2126)      
    The implicit function theorem under
    $t$-$P$-${\mathcal{K}}$-equivalence relation was obtained, and the
    $t$-$P$-${\mathcal{K}}$-codimension was also estimated. The result
    may be a powerful tool for the classification of smooth mapping
    germs with distinguished parameters relative to
    $t$-$P$-${\mathcal{K}}$-equivalence, and for the study of
    bifurcations of differential equation germs with complete integral.
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    Optimum design of LLC resonant converter based on complex method and its realization
    GUO Wen-tao, HE Yi-gang
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (3): 176-185,218.  
    Abstract2122)      PDF (806KB)(3758)      
    In the process of optimization, the $Q$ factor of the
    converter, the $h$ ratio of magnetizing inductance to resonant
    inductance and the maximum flux $B_{\rm max}$ were chosen as the
    optimal parameters, the details on the power loss of the converter
    was presented, the boundary conditions was deduced and the process
    of getting optimum solution was proposed. Finally, a
    three-hundred-watt prototype was build; the theoretical and
    experimental comparison result verified the feasibility and accuracy
    of the design method.
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    Contact effect of quantum tunneling structure with single barrier in dc electron transport
    TIAN Ying, QUAN Jun
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (3): 186-193.  
    Abstract1635)      PDF (296KB)(2120)      
    In frame of the scattering-matrix theory and Fermi-Thomas
    approximation, we had investigated the conductance properties of
    mesoscopic structure in dc case by employing a quantum tunneling
    structure with single barrier. Results clearly indicate that, the
    contact effect has notable affection on the transmission probability
    of electrons and the distribution of internal potential in
    mesoscopic system; even though dc case, the behaviors of conductance
    displayed in potential drop conflict with the Kirchhoff's laws in
    classical circuit, and the total resistance of the mesoscopic system
    cannot be expressed as contact resistance in series with 'scatterer'
    resistance. So the quantum coherence between contacts and devices is
    worth considering, the role of contacts effect is important for
    further investigation of the electron transport in mesoscopic
    system.
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    Ultralow-voltage field ionization of silicon nano-electrode
    CHEN Yun, ZHANG Jian, YU Jiang-jiang, ZHENG Xiao-dong
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (3): 194-201.  
    Abstract1691)      PDF (3209KB)(2038)      
    By using method of wet chemical etching, a kind of straight aligned silicon nanowires (SiNWs) was prepared, with average length and diameter about 20 μm and 100 nm, respectively. Then 1D SiNWs were used as the nano-electrode of capacitive ionization structure in a test system of ionization, to test the full volt ampere characteristics of ionization. The test results show that the as-grown SiNWs acting as one of the nano-electrode can reduce the breakdown voltage of power system greatly, because the as-grown SiNWs have large field enhancement factor, small size effect and high defect density.
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    Pd-Ni/SiNWs electrode for nonenzymatic glucose detection
    YU Jiang-jiang, ZHANG Jian, ZHENG Xiao-dong
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (3): 202-208.  
    Abstract2343)      PDF (3078KB)(2559)      
    A nonenzymatic glucose sensor was fabricated by electroplating palladium particles on a nickel modified silicon nanowires(Ni/SiNWs) array electrode. The morphology of the Pd-Ni/SiNWs electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. The performance of this sensor was characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and fixed potential amperometry techniques. Under the fixed potential of +0.19 V, the sensitivity of the electrochemical oxidation for glucose is 302.2 μA·mM-1·cm-2 and the detection limit (S/N ratio=3) is 4.9 μM in the 0.1 M KOH alkaline electrolyte. Furthermore, the electrode shows good resistance for the interfering species such as the ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA). This novel sensor has great potential for the determination of glucose.
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    Text classification based on inter-class separability DAG-SVM
    HUANG Zhen-long, ZHENG Jun, HU Wen-xin
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (3): 209-218.  
    Abstract2356)      PDF (1814KB)(2320)      
    This paper took an improved algorithm based on inter-class separability directed acyclic graph support vector machine (DAG-SVM) for text classification.The method has adjusted the DAG structure according to inter-class distribution and the distance between centers. It has solved the problems of fixed structure and random single node location in traditional DAG-SVM multi-classification method.The experiments show that the algorithm has improved the accuracy.
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    Foreword
    DING Ping-xing
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (4): 0-Ⅴ.  
    Abstract1308)      PDF (433KB)(1728)      
    In Document No.19 (2009) issued by the State Council, Shanghai was asked to be built into an international financial center as well as an international shipping center; the general goals of the latter center included: By 2020, Shanghai will have established an international shipping center with high concentration of maritime resources, sound shipping services, excellent shipping market environment, efficient modern logistics services, and good capacity to allocate global shipping resources. It will become an international shipping hub with Shanghai as the center, Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces as the wings, the Yangtze River Basin as the hinterland, and with reasonable functional allocations and close collaborations with the other ports in China. A modern port will be formed with a large-scale, intensive, efficient and optimized collecting and distributing system. In combination with the international aviation hub in Shanghai, an integrated multiple transportation mode will be established. A modern shipping service system will come true with excellent services and full functions, in order to create a convenient, efficient, safe and lawful port environment as well as a modern international shipping service environment, to enhance the ability of integrating international shipping resources and to improve the comprehensive competitiveness and service ability.
    In the last decade, both the cargo throughput and the container throughput in the Shanghai Port have rocketed up to the first place in the world, thanks to the construction and availability of the Yangtze Estuary’s 12.5 m Deepwater Channel and the Yangshan Deepwater Port. 
    Now, however, the Shanghai Port is facing new severe difficulties, as a consequence of the rapid development of the social economy in China, in realization of the goal to build up an international shipping center by 2020 as required by the State Council. At present, the throughput capacity of the Port has been fully used,and the deep water coastline along the Yangtze River Estuary has been used up; while other big ports in the world, such as Singapore harbor, Busan port and so on, are developing quickly. Without any deeper water berths to dock 18,000 boxes of ultra large container ships, more than 300,000 tons of super large ore carriers and supertankers, it is very difficult for the Shanghai Port to adapt to the world trend of increasing ship size in the future, and thus might lose its competitiveness as well as its status as the largest international hub port in the world. In addition, with the rapid development of the economy in the Yangtze River Delta and the Yangtze River Basin,the total amount of the transportation in these areas is increasing and will continue to increase year by year, causing the increase of the freight volumes which might soon exceed the limit that the Shanghai Port can handle.
    So it is urgent for Shanghai to exploit new port area. A number of 200,000 to 300,000 tons, up to 500,000 tons of super large deep water berths should be built, in order to improve the sea-river joint transportation conditions, to enhance the function of Shanghai international shipping center, and for the center to play a better role in the social and economic development in the Yangtze River Delta and the Yangtze River Basin.
    In early 2011, Mr. Mo Gui, former vice president of the Shanghai Tongsheng Group and the former commandant of the Yangshan Port, together with Mr. Rong-shun Shao, the emeritus chief engineer consultant of the Yangshan Port, came to our Institute and suggested us to carry out the research on new port area planning. The State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research (SKLEC), East China Normal University, paid much attention to this suggestion, and organized a special group to fully support the study on the urgent need from the State and Shanghai. The Laboratory provided financial support for this special project, and further strengthened the cooperation with the CCCC Third Harbor Consultants, so that the advantages of both SKLEC and the CCCC Third Harbor Consultants can be fully taken. The first version of the research report on the planning scheme of building an excavated-in harbor basin in the Hengsha Shoal and constructing an artificial island of Yangtze Estuary was drafted up in May 2012. The second draft was completed in August 2012,  and was forwarded to prestigious academicians and experts from the domestic transportation, ports, and coastal engineering sectors for advices. In September 2012, the experts from the Yangtze Estuary Waterway Administration of the Ministry of transportation, the East China Sea Branch of the State Oceanic Administration, Shanghai water authority and CCCC Third Harbor Consultants were invited to give their suggestions on the second draft. The academicians and experts in this area confirmed our research work, and highly supported the planning scheme of building an excavated-in harbor basin in the Hengsha shoal of the Yangtze Estuary; and they also put forward many valuable comments and suggestions.
    We improved the research report according to the expert advices and suggestions, including further explaining the reasons why to choose Hengsha shoal as a new harbor site, calculating the siltation of excavated-in harbor basin and channel by use of different siltation formulas, estimating siltation for the harbor and waterway during typhoon weather, evaluating the earthwork for the excavated-in harbor basin and roughly analyzing the possible impacts of the planned construction on the ecological environment. The artificial island plan was removed from the study report in order to focus on the excavated-in harbor basin planning. In addition, the research team visited Tangshan Jingtang Port and learned the experiences and lessons in the construction process of excavated-in harbor basin. The final research report was completed in October, 2012. The prestigious experts in this area were invited to attend the review meeting for the report held in November 10, 2012, Shanghai. The experts agreed that it is quite necessary and urgent to expedite the study of a large-scale multipurpose new port plan which can meet the requirements of international container hub port and of international logistics center with the sea-river joint transportation, according to the development requirement of the Shanghai Port and international shipping center. It is entirely possible to build an excavated-in deep water port in the Hengsha shoal without major technical constraints from the construction experiences of similar ports home and abroad. The present excavated-in harbor basin plan may be taken as the preferred scheme. The study results in this phase are scientifically and practically sound, which can be used as the basis for the relevant planning sectors to make new port decisions.
    In order to demonstrate our research results, the main content in the final research report is published as a special issue in the Journal of East China Normal University (Natural Science). We wish to get active responses and comments or suggestions from research fellows, and expect more attention from relevant administrative sectors so as to make greater contribution for the early realization of the Shanghai international shipping center.
    Much thanks to Mr. Mo Gui, the former vice president of the Shanghai Tongsheng Group and the former commandant of the Yangshan Port, and the leaders of CCCC Third Harbor Consultants, who provided valuable advices and supports for the research. We are grateful to the SKLEC in East China Normal University, which provided financial supports to the research. A group of retired professors and senior chief engineers, as well as young scientists are greatly appreciated for their hard work and selfless contributions.
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    Planning ideas and key technology for building excavated-in harbor basin in the Hengsha Shoal of the Yangtze Estuary
    DING Ping-xing, LI Shu-guo
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (4): 1-9.  
    Abstract1981)      PDF (3229KB)(2480)      
    In order to carry out the suggestion in the document ([2009]19) of the State Council that Shanghai should become an International Shipping Centre by 2020, and to adapt the development demand of larger scale ship and deeper water berth in the world shipping industry, it is urgently necessary to plan a new deeper water harbor in Shnaghai. By a deep-going study, we put forward that the Hengsha Shoal is the best place to construct a new harbor. It can not only avoid the influence of the river mouth bar and the turbidity maximum in the Yangtze Estuary, but also produce a lot of deeper dock shoreline larger than 20 m, to meet the sustained development demand of the Shanghai Harbor in the next 20-30 years, if the excavated-in harbor basin is built in the Hengsha Shoal. The unfavorable effect on the North Passage Deepwater Navigation Channel may be averted by optimizing design. The dredged sediment in the North Passage Deepwater Navigation Channel may be utilized for the siltation and reclamation of the Hengsha Shoal, and the excavation of harbor basin can supply nearby high quality soil source for the large reclamation, thereby saving the cost of reclamation of excavated-in harbor basin.
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    Preliminary analysis for the necessity of building a new harbor in Shanghai
    SHAO Rong-shun, SHI Xiong-biao, YU Ling
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (4): 10-16.  
    Abstract1876)      PDF (1689KB)(2038)      
    Under the circumstance of increasing serious challenges for the Shanghai Harbor, such as saturated handling capacity and depletion of coastlines with deep bathymetry, devoid of any deep shipping channels and docks of more than 20 m depth, etc, the transportation between the Changjiang River and outer ocean needs to be enhanced. The development of the Shanghai City and adjacent region is significantly restrained by land resource limitation and siltation in the current shipping channel. In order to reach the goal, set by State Council, to develop the International Shipping Centre by 2020, a new harbor is urgently needed to meet the increasing requirement of the economics in the Shanghai City and Changjiang River Basin, and to adapt the demand of large\|scale cargo ship. The sea-river exchange of transportation needs be optimized to enhance the leading effect of Shanghai Harbor.
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    Study of the excavated-in harbor plan in the Hengsha Shoal of the Yangtze Estuary
    SHAO Rong-shun, CHENG Ze-kun, DING Ping-xing,GE Jian-zhong, YU Zhi-ying, YU Ling
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (4): 17-24.  
    Abstract1944)      PDF (2563KB)(2223)      
    The Hengsha Shoal is located between the shallow Changjiang River  mouth and the outer deep region, indicating it is of great potential as a transportation hub connecting the river and ocean. The broad shallow region in the Hengsha Shoal could be used by the  future excavated-in harbor, to provide space for land region, water region, coasts and docks. The planned excavated-in harbor with coastal defense surrounded around can avoid the bad weathers of the outer ocean, providing safer conditions for shipping and docking. It also has less siltation. And the new-planed harbor does not have significant influence on the adjacent regions, and it is favorable for the  maintenance of the shipping channel. The analysis indicates the excavated-in harbor plan is scientifically reasonable for future practical design and construction.
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    Analysis of hydrodynamics around the Hengsha Shoal of the Yangtze Estuary and its adjacent region
    LI Shen-duo, ZHU Qiao-yun, YU Zhi-ying
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (4): 25-41.  
    Abstract1730)      PDF (6361KB)(2716)      
    The dominant controlling dynamics for the Changjiang Estuary is the interaction between the strongly periodic tide oscillation and the weakly periodic Changjiang River runoff. The astronomical tide in this region is the combination of the semidiurnal and diurnal tides, which produces the shallow tide wave due to the nonlinear interaction between these tide components. Therefore the tidal asymmetry in one period is subsequently induced. The tide wave mainly flow along the coasts with the northward direction, and turn to the northwestern direction into the North Passage and North Channel. The studied region, Hengsha Shoal, is characterized as the shallow shoals and deep channels, where is the buffering zone for river mouth and open ocean. This complex bathymetry produces the motions of the tide wave and runoff. The current in the channel and north region of Hengsha Shoal has the alternating pattern. And the significant rotating current dominates the south area, which plays an important role on the stability of the local bathymetry and the strong cross-channel current. Since the Changjiang River’s runoff flow eastward, and float on the surface in this region, producing significant two-layer system in the vertical direction.
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    Analysis of the suspended sediment concentration and sedimentation around the Hengsha Shoal of the Yangtze Estuary and its adjacent region
    XU Hai-gen, YU Zhi-ying, NIU Jian-ding, LI Sheng-duo, ZHENG Jian-zhao
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (4): 42-54.  
    Abstract1906)      PDF (9676KB)(1956)      
    Under the joint influences of the Changjiang River and ocean, the significant sandbar system has been produced in the river mouth, and the submarine delta in the outer deep region. Hengsha Shoal is one of the most important components in this sandbar system. The suspended sediment concentration is not only influenced by the upstream sediment input, but also affected by the storm surge and strong wind. The SSC during spring tide is mainly bigger than that during neap tide. And the SSC of wintertime is higher than summer. The averaged SSC at the 5 m isobath is about 0.459 kg/m3. The SSC shows a significant decreasing trend at the seaward direction. Under the decreasing input from the Changjiang River recently, some part of the seabed shows a erosion pattern. The bed of Hengsha Shoal is mainly composited of silt, and the submarine delta is consisted of silt and clay. The submarine delta could be excavated for harbor and channel, which is favorable for the construction of planed harbor.
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    Morphological stability analysis of the planned excavated-in harbor and its channel in the Hengsha Shoal of the Yangtze Estuary
    YU Zhi-ying, ZHANG Zhi-lin, JIN Liu, XU Hai-gen, LI Sheng-duo
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (4): 55-71.  
    Abstract1912)      PDF (15504KB)(1962)      
    The proposed excavated-in harbor and shipping channel are located in the adjacent region of Hengsha Shoal in the outer Changjiang River mouth. Accumulation of huge amount of sediment from the upstream Changjiang River occurs in the river mouth, resulted in the large delta area on both land and submarine. Hengsha Shoal is recognized as one of the  three largest shallow shoals, with Chongming East Shoal and Jiuduansha Shoal in the sandbar region of Changjiang River mouth. It shows stable location and bathymetry pattern in the long-term history, which indicates it's an excellent location for a new harbor. During its long history of the submarine delta, the bathymetry is mainly flat and under the deposition effect of delta. With the recent deceasing of the sediment load from the Changjiang River, there is small evolution of the bathymetry. This is favorable for construction of the shipping channel into excavated-in harbor. This paper mainly focuses on the morphological stability of the bathymetry and its evolution trend, to provide some basic support for the new deep harbor.
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    Analysis of disastrous weather in the Hengsha Shoal and adjacent waters of the Yangtze Estuary
    DING Ping-xing, GE Jian-zhong
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (4): 72-78.  
    Abstract1985)      PDF (3886KB)(2058)      
    Main disastrous weather which affects harbor, navigation channel and shipping are those ones with tropical cyclones, cold fronts and dense fogs. In this paper, the features of main disastrous weather influencing Yangtze Estuary and adjacent waters were quantitatively brought forward by summarizing the correlative literature and research reports. On the statistically average, there are 2.3 tropical cyclones every year, August and September were high-occurrence months;3.15 cold fronts, occurred mainly in late autumn, winter and early spring;50-60 day dense fogs, happened mostly from March to July. In addition, the wave distribution of the Hengsha Shoal and adjacent waters induced by the tropical cyclone and cold front were respectively calculated by use of SWAN model.
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    Hydrodynamic influence of proposed excavated-in harbor in the Hengsha Shoal of the Yangtze Estuary Ⅰ: Numerical Model and Validations
    GE Jian-zhong, GUO Wen-yun, DING Ping-xing
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (4): 79-90.  
    Abstract2018)      PDF (12120KB)(2019)      
    Based on an unstructured-grid FVCOM model, a high-resolution hydrodynamic model of the Changjiang Estuary has been established. Through the extensive validation against the various observation data, including the current and salinity, this model could correctly reveal the hydrodynamic structures and their variations. It has provided a basic tool for assessing the impacts of the proposed excavated-in harbor of the Hengsha Shoal on the current field on local and adjacent regions.
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    Hydrodynamic influence of proposed excavated-in harbor in the Hengsha Shoal of the Yangtze Estuary Ⅱ: Influence on the current field
    GE Jian-zhong, GUO Wen-yun, DING Ping-xing, YU Zhi-ying, JIN Liu,SHAO Rong-shun, LI Shen-duo, XU Hai-gen
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (4): 91-105.  
    Abstract1697)      PDF (14383KB)(2057)      
    The planed excavated-in harbor in the Hengsha Shoal, located in the river mouth of Changjiang Estuary, has large spatial coverage, which certainly would have significant influence on the hydrodynamics around the local and adjacent regions. This paper focuses on the hydrodynamic influences of the new harbor based on a validated high-resolution unstructured-grid FVCOM model. The modeling results of current field and characteristics at some typical locations show that neither the South nor the North Plans would create significant influence on the hydrodynamics in the North Channel and North Passage, while the South Plan shows more obvious impact on the outer shipping channel of the Deep Waterway Project. Both plans indicate the currents in the North Channel show increasing dominant of alternating current, while the South Plan would produce more significant cross-channel current at the outer region of excavated-in harbor.
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    Estimation of the sediment siltation in the planned excavated-in harbor in the Hengsha Shoal of the Yangtze Estuary Estuary
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (4): 106-119.  
    Abstract1946)      PDF (3005KB)(2202)      
    Several different methods, including algorithm of siltation estimation in state regulation of port and waterway, bottom shear stress model and tide prism estimation, were used to make prediction for sedimentation siltation in the proposed excavated-in harbor, which would be located in the Hengsha Shoal to improve the shipping capacity in the Changjiang Estuary. The results from these methods turns out to be consistent. The overall load and strength of sediment siltation for condition of basin gate at -7 m depth and 0.3 kg/m3 sediment concentration is 2.0×107~2.2×107 m3 and 0.3~0.4 m/a in the basin and 0.6×107~1.2×107 m3 and 0.3~0.4 m/a in outer shipping channel. And the maximum siltation mainly centralizes near the basin gate with a distance of 4~6 km. And the prediction indicates the siltation will be significantly decreased if the basin gate moves deeper with lower suspended sediment concentration.
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    Investigation and analysis on the biodiversity and ecological environment in the Hengsha East Shoal of the Yangtze Estuary
    TIAN Bo, ZHOU Yun-xuan, YUAN Lin, ZHAO Yun-long,CHEN Ya-qu, YUAN Xiao, CAO Yong
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (4): 120-127.  
    Abstract2036)      PDF (2747KB)(2656)      
    As a result of the complex interaction between the estuary enclosure human engineering, the Yangtze River upstream runoff, and the wave and tidal current from the East China Sea, the wetland biodiversity and ecological environment of Yangtze Delta Hengsha East shoal have been changing quickly and sharply. We use remote sensing observation data, field measurement, data analysis in laboratory and historical data collection to conduct a systematic investigation and analysis about the landform, benthic organisms, fish plants and water environment in the Hengsha East Shoal. The results show that the diversity of the region is abundant and water quality and ecological environment is good also. The impact with estuarine engineering implementation and construction is on the need for further monitoring and scientific evaluation.
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    Numerical simulation of the longest continuous days unsuitable for water intake in the Dongfengxisha reservoir of the Changjiang Estuary
    ZHU Jian-rong, WU Hui
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (5): 1-8, 26.  
    Abstract1721)      PDF (3333KB)(2035)      
    An improved three dimension numerical model of saltwater intrusion in the Changjiang Estuary was applied to this numerical simulation. The model was validated with the salinity observed in 2007—2008 at the 10 hydrological sites, and the results showed that the model calculated salinity are well consistent with the observed ones. We considered the extremely drought year 1978—1979 as a hydrological calculation year, adopted the observed topography in 2008, and considered the effects of tide, wind stress and mixing in the model. The measured daily river discharge at the Datong station was modified by the Three Gorges Project, the eastern water diversion project from the South to the North, and the water intake and drain along the river. The conclusion is that the longest continuous days unsuitable for water intake in the Dongfengxisha reservoir are 26 days. This important parameter has been adopted in the build of the reservoir, providing scientific and technological support for the construct of ecological Chongming island and the ensure of freshwater resource safety.
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    Temporal and spatial variation law of momentum coefficients in the Yangtze Estuary
    YANG Yun-ping, LI Yi-tian, HAN Jian-qiao
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (5): 9-17.  
    Abstract1865)      PDF (2735KB)(2030)      
    Based on the measured data of Xiaoshan to Yangtze Estuary reach, the temporal and spatial distribution law of momentum coefficients was studied. Then the difference of coefficients in beaches and deep trough was obtained and the empirical curve was established. The results showed that the momentum coefficients in wet seasons were higher than that in dry seasons in the estuary, while the law was totally contrary in the North Passage. The coefficients in spring tidal were higher than those in neap tidal from Xiaoshan to Shihuaxia in wet seasons. In dry seasons, the coefficients in spring tidal were higher than those in neaps tidal from Xiaoshan to Langshashan and the law was contrary from Xuliujing to Shihuaxia. The tidal limit was the boundary that the downstream coefficients of it were increasing. The coefficients in North Channel were higher than those in South Channel and the coefficients in North Passage were higher than those in South Passage. The main reason of this phenomenon was the temporal and spatial variation of driving forces of runoff and tide. The water depth of 15 m was thinking as the demarcation of point bars and deep troughs. The momentum coefficients increased with the increase of the water depth in the point bars and the coefficients didn’t change much in the deep troughs. The empirical curve was also established.
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    Study on the quantitative relationship of the location of the tidal current limit and the river discharge in the Changjiang Estuary
    HOU Cheng-cheng, ZHU Jian-rong
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (5): 18-26.  
    Abstract2478)      PDF (4764KB)(2448)      
    The Changjiang Estuary is a tidal estuary with the interaction of river discharge and tidal current. The tidal variation results in the change of flow state in the river. By designing a high resolution numerical model, and based on the calculations of water flux along the river transverse sections, the Changjiang River tidal current limits were obtained in various guarantee rate river discharges in dry and flood seasons. The tidal current limit is between Taiyang island (located at the 70 km upstream of Wuhu) and Zhengjiang hydrological station in dry seasons, and is in the range of 100 km between the middle of Taiping island (located at the upstream Jiangying) and Minzhu island in flood seasons. With the multi power fitting of the calculated results, the relationship between the location of the tidal current limit and the river discharge is y=-4×10-10x3+1×10-5x2-0.193 7x+1 232.9(R2=0.984 2) in dry season, and is y=2×10-13x3+3×10-8x2-0.007 4x+359.35(R2=0.996 9) in flood season. This result can provide a scientific basis for determining the tidal current limit of the Changjiang River.
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    Responses of decomposition of Phragmites australis litter to simulated temperature enhancement in the reclamed coastal wetland
    GUAN Yue-zhang, LIU An-tian, ZHONG Qi-cheng, WANG Kai-yun
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (5): 27-34.  
    Abstract1905)      PDF (1319KB)(2133)      
    By using open-top growth chambers (OTC) to simulate short-term warming and mesh bags,the study was carried out in the reclaimed wetland in the east Chongming tidal flat. The effects of short-term simulated warming (1.984±0.7) ℃ on the decomposition of Phragmites australis litter were studied and the changes of correlations between decomposition rate and environmental parameters were analysed.The results are as follows: ① stem decomposition rates in OTC plots and CG plots are 49.20% and 45.11%, and leaves decomposition rates are 63.52% and 58.53%, respectively, which shows that warming has increased the decomposition rates; ② stems average decomposition coefficients (K) in OTC plots and CG plots are 0.028 and 0.027,while the average decomposition coefficients of leaves are 0.093 and 0.080, respectively, which shows that the increment of leaves K is bigger than stems K; ③ the order of correlation degree between environmental factors and decomposition rate is: 1.2 m air temperature> 0~5 cm soil temperature> 0~5 cm soil moisture,and the correlation coefficient between leaves decomposition rate and 1.2 m air temperature is biggest which is 6.43%. In summary, air temperature is the key factor affecting the Phragmites australis litter decomposition; meanwhile warming not only improves litters decomposition rates, but also changes the relevance between decomposition rate and environmental factors.
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    Study on the mechanism of methylene blue degradation by TiO2 photocatalyst
    ZHANG Dan, XU Bin, ZHU Pei-juan, LIAN Zheng-hao, ZHAO Ya-ping
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (5): 35-42.  
    Abstract3574)      PDF (2193KB)(4087)      
    In order to carry out the study, the experiments of photodegradation of methylene blue under different conditions were conducted, using different kinds of free radical scavengers, such as (CH3)3OH, H2O2, KI, NaN3 and C6H4O2. The effects of these free radical scavengers were observed. The concentration of H2O2 generated during the photodegradation of methylene blue by TiO2 was also reported. And the results of these experiments indicated that the main active oxygen substances in the reaction are ·OH, O·-2 and 1O2.
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    Characteristics of the avian communities at Mt. Yuntaishan of Guizhou Province, China
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (5): 43-52.  
    Abstract1878)      PDF (1408KB)(2127)      
    Bird surveys were carried out at Mt. Yuntaishan in Guizhou Province from Sept. 2011 to Aug. 2012, with line transect, point-counting and mist-netting detection. A total of 94 bird species was recorded, which belonged to 33 families and 11 orders. Among the bird species recorded, 4 species were in the Grade Ⅱ national key protected list. Birds in families of Turdidae and Timaliidae were richest, and birds in families of Timaliidae and Pycnonotidae were most abundant. Alcippe morrisonia and Yuhina castaniceps were dominant species. By comparing the species, number, Shannon-Weiner Index(H), Simpson Index(D) and Pielou Index(J) among the four seasons, the results indicated that birds in spring had highest species, and lowest D  and J. Birds in summer had lowest number, and highest H, D and J. Birds in winter had highest number, and lowest species and H. The similarity index of spring-autumn avian communities was the highest while that of summer-winter was the lowest. The Bray-Curtis index of summer-winter avian communities was the highest while that of autumn-winter was the lowest. The birds at Mt. Yuntaishan were not obviously disturbed by human beings, but probably were affected by some natural factors, such as climatic zone northward excursion of China.
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    Microtubular organelles in Euplotes aediculatus (Ciliophora: Hypotrichida) revealed by fluorescent labeling
    LIN Qin, FAN Xin-peng, SUN Lei, ZHOU Su-juan, GU Fu-kang
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (5): 53-60.  
    Abstract1990)      PDF (2646KB)(1711)      
    The cortical ciliature microtubules, base-associated microtubules, the dorsal cortical microtubule structure, as well as the morphogenesis of the cortical ciliature microtubules in Euplotes aediculatus were analyzed with FLUTAX (fluorescence taxoid) and anti-α-tubulin antibody immuno-fluorescence labeling. The results indicate that the dorsal cortical network which is called silver-line system morphologically associates with microtubular cytoskeleton. Moreover, differing from other Euplotes, The morphogenesis mode of the adoral ciliature microtubules and dorsal cortex ciliature microtubules in the proter of E. aediculatus represent a distinct morphogenesis mode which might be a referable basis for species differentiation. Additionally, anti-α-tubulin antibody immuno-fluorescence labeling shows dorsal cortex network and the early frontal-ventral-transverse cirri primordia more clearly comparing with fluorescently labeling by FLUTAX. This might suggest the tubulin element is different between cell dorsal cortex surface network and other microtubular structures, and the tubulin element may change gradually as the assembling and maturing of cortical ciliature microtubule in sequential morphogenesis stages.
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    Crosslinking of decellularized bovine pericardium matrix by procyanidins: mechanical properties, stability and hemo-compatibility
    MA Bing, ZHAI Wan-yin, ZHANG Jia-min, SUN Xiao-ning, ZHU Zi-yan, ZHANG Hong-feng, CHANG Jiang
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (5): 61-70, 79.  
    Abstract1890)      PDF (5030KB)(2481)      
    In this study, decellularized bovine pericardium matrix (dbpECM) was cross-linked by using PC at series concentrations. Mechanical properties, stability and hemo-compatibility of PC-crosslinked dbpECM (PC-dbpECM) were investigated. The results show that the tensile strength of the PC-dbpECM which crosslinked by the 2.5 mg/mL PC is increased from 29.1 MPa to 51.3 MPa with the elastic modulus roughly at basic level. Resistance of PC-dbpECM to collagenase hydrolysis is equivalent to that of GA-crosslinked. When PC-dbpECM soaked in D-Hanks solution, only the excessive non-crosslinked PC released within a week, leaving the crosslinked PC stable all the experiment period. PC crosslinked dbpECM (1 mg/mL) can effectively inhibit calcification in vitro. Both PC- and GA-dbpECM have ideal hemo-compatibility, but the PC cross-linking is superior to that of GA. The rate of platelet adhesion on the surface of 2.5 mg/mL PC crosslinked dbpECM (7.8%) was significantly lower than that of non-crosslinked group (26.1%) and the GA crosslinked group (36.6%), indicating that PC-dbpECM has low coagulation spotential. These data suggest that PC-dbpECM has good mechanical properties, stability and hemo-compatibility, suitable for preparing biological heart valves.
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    An exploratory study on identification means Ulva linza from floating green algae
    CHEN Bin-bin, MA Jia-hai, SHIN Jong-Ahm, GAO Song
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (5): 71-79.  
    Abstract1994)      PDF (1031KB)(2062)      
    To study on morphological characteristics of \textit{Ulva
    linza} from floating green algae, we selected specimens with the
    typical features of \textit{U. linza. }Only 4 specimens from 25
    samples were determined as \textit{U. linza }from the morphological
    characteristics results. The molecular biology research by means of
    nuclear-encoded ITS sequences analysis was also carried out. Fifteen
    floating specimens with characters of \textit{U. linza} clustered
    into the LPP (\textit{U. linza-procera-prolifera}) complex group
    including the attached species DF05 from Jiangsu Province, QD03 from
    Shandong Province and XS01, XS02 from Zhejiang Province. The
    floating green algae from Rudong inland river and coastal pool of
    Sheyang were included in LPP complex as well. \textit{U. flexuosa}
    group included two specimens that just were fixation growth algae
    from Fujian Province. \textit{U. compressa} group had four
    specimens, and they all were floating green algae. A great disparity
    existed between the morphological characteristics and the molecular
    results. Identification of \textit{U. linza} and other floating
    green algae based on either morphology or ITS sequence unilaterally
    was not reliable. Almost all of floating green algae from the same
    location had certain morphological types, and they were considered
    to be different species by the ITS sequences analysis. The result of
    N-J tree and ITS data showed that the species in LPP complex and
    \textit{U. compressa} existed in the green tide. But\textit{ U.
    flexuosa }did not exist in the floating green algae in this
    research.
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    Localization of adhesion molecule gp150 and its relationship with PKA activity in Dictyostelium discoideum
    YANG Chun-xia, HOU Lian-sheng
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (5): 80-87.  
    Abstract1539)      PDF (2188KB)(1585)      
    Cell adhesion molecule gp150 plays an important role during post-aggregation stage of Dictyostelium discoideum development. The protein localization through antibodies against gp150 showed that gp150 distributed at different places during the various stages of development. In stream stage before aggregation, gp150 distributed uniformly in cytoplasm; after that, gp150 occupied the periphery region of multicellular aggregates in mound stage. During the slug stage of development, the expression level of gp150 in prestalk cells was much higher than that in prespore cells. In fruiting body stage, gp150 was enriched on the sporoderm of mature spores. High performance liquid chromatography was used to analyze PKA activity in wide-type KAx-3 cells and gp150 over expressed strain KAx-3:act15/lagC, and the results showed that, at the early stage of development (before 10 h development), PKA had lower activity in KAx-3 cells than that in KAx-3:act15/lagC cells. However, at the later stage of development, since the rapid accumulation of gp150, PKA showed higher activity in wide type cells than that in KAx-3:act15/lagCcells. These results suggested that there might be a feed back loop interaction between gp150 and PKA, by which the two signal proteins can cooperate and regular the growth and development of Dictyostelium discoideum.
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    Dissolving behaviors of alkali metal nitrates in the mixed solvents of CH3CHOHCH2OH-H2O at 15 ℃ and 45 ℃
    ZHANG Hui-ying, LI Shu-ni, ZHAI Quan-guo, OU Yang-miao, JIANG Yu-cheng, HU Man-cheng
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (5): 88-95.  
    Abstract1984)      PDF (1630KB)(2496)      
    The equilibrium solubilities of alkali metal nitrates in the mixed solvents of CH3CHOHCH2OH/H2O (0~1) at 15 ℃ and 45 ℃, respectively, were studied by the of density-refractive index method on a self-made microdevice. The density and refractive index of the saturated solutions were also determined using DMA4500 densimeter and RXA170 refractive index detector at 15 ℃ and 45 ℃, respectively. The solubility and density for the saturated solutions were found to decrease with an increase concentration of 1,2-propylene glycol, while the refractive index trended to increase. The solubility data, density and refractive index of the saturated solutions have been equated for their relationship using four parameters empirical equation. The salting-out effect indicated that the alkaline metal salts were salted out by 1,2-propylene glycol, where the higher the temperature, the slightly bigger the salting-out rate.
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    Investigation on chemiluminescence detection of vitamin B12 with capillary electrophoresis
    ZHU Jin-kun, SHU Lu, WU Min, WANG Qing-jiang, HE Pin-gang, FANG Yu-zhi
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (5): 96-101.  
    Abstract1525)      PDF (363KB)(2513)      
    Based on the chemiluminescence (CL) catalysis of vitamin
    B12 (VB12 in luminol-H$_{2}$O$_{2}$ system, a novel
    capillary electrophoresis-chemiluminescence (CE-CL) method was
    developed for the accurate determination of this important nutrient
    substance. First of all, sodium hydrosulfite
    (Na$_{2}$S$_{2}$O$_{4})$ was found to be used as an competent
    reduction reagent to pre-reduce VB12(Co(III)) into
    VB12(Co(II)), which produced strong CL emission in the CL
    reaction of luminol-H$_{2}$O$_{2}$. In this process, some
    interfering CL noise was observed and capillary electrophoresis (CE)
    was taken to remove it by efficient separation. In this way,
    VB12 could be reduced gently and determined accurately by the
    catalyzed CL signal with our lab-constructed CE-CL system. The
    proposed CE-CL determination could be finished in 20 min with a
    detection limit (LOD) of 2$\times $10$^{-7}$ mol/L ($S$/$N$=3), a
    linear range from 6$\times $10$^{-7}$ to 6$\times$10$^{-4}$ mol/L
    ($r^{2}$=0.968) and a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 2.4{\%}
    ($n$=9). Utilizing this method, satisfactory results were obtained
    by testing VB12 tablets with a recovery of 97{\%}$\sim
    $106{\%}. Compared to previously reported CL analysis of VB12,
    we dealt with the interference components in pre-reducing solution
    for the first time to gain more reliable data with convenient
    operations.
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    Preparation and properties study of a new type of T1-T2 dual mode MRI contrast agent
    GAO Li-peng, LIU Kai, LUO Chun-hua, LI Jian-qi,WANG Yi-ting, PENG Hui
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (5): 102-109.  
    Abstract2328)      PDF (1748KB)(2392)      
    This paper studied the Fe3O4 @ SiO2 @ Gd2O(CO3)2 core/shell/shell NPs as a new type of T1-T2 dual model contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging. The magnetic coupling between Gd2O(CO3)2 and Fe3O4 was modulated by the separating SiO2 layer to produce appropriate T1 and T2 signal. The Fe3O4 @ SiO2 @ Gd2O(CO3)2 NPs exhibit good biocompatibility, showing great potential for biomedical applications.
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    Silver-coated silicon microchannel plates for three-dimensional lithium-ion batteries anodes
    WANG Fei, XU Shao-hui, ZHU Shan-shan, LOU Xue-feng, HUI Ke-shuang,YANG Ping-xiong, WANG Lian-wei
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (5): 110-118, 129.  
    Abstract1943)      PDF (2000KB)(2572)      
    In this work, a three-dimensional (3-D) anode using a silver-coated Si microchannel plate (Si-MCP) as the active materials was prepared by photo-assisted electrochemical etching followed by electroless deposition. Using lithium foils as the counter electrodes, representative half-cells are fabricated and tested. In galvanostatic charge-discharge (C-D) measurements at 10 mA·g-1 between 0.02 and 1.5 V, our anode exhibits a charge capacity of 3484.7 mAh·g-1 with a coulombic efficiency close to 95.97% in the initial cycle. Based on the cyclicvoltammetry (CV) and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data, the mechanism about the lithiation of Ag-coated Si-MCP was also studied.
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    Simplified time domain model of full-bridge LLC resonant converter and its application
    XIAO Wen-ying, DONG Hai-bing
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (5): 119-129.  
    Abstract1996)      PDF (4621KB)(2275)      
    Full bridge LLC resonant converter was studied, and a simplified time domain model was proposed based on the state equation of different modes and their related boundary equations based on deep analyze of time domain working mode of LLC resonant converter. Based on this model, gain curve of LLC resonant converter was deduced which is very important for the design of LLC resonant design. Using this presented model and its relating gain curve, LLC resonant tank design method based on magnetizing inductance Lm and inductance ratio h was proposed. Finally, a three-hundred-watt prototype was designed and build, simulated and experimental result verified the accuracy of the time domain model and the feasibility of the design method.
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    Hypercyclicity and topological uniform descent of bounded linear operators
    LIU Yang, CAO Xiao-hong
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (5): 130-135, 143.  
    Abstract1405)      PDF (307KB)(1741)      
    By using the property of topological uniform descent, this
    paper gave the judgement for an operator $A\in\overline{HC(H)}$,
    where $\overline{HC(H)}$ denoting the norm-closure of the class of
    all the hypercyclic operators on an infinite dimensional separable
    complex Hilbert space $H$.
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    Vertex-distinguishing proper edge coloring of composition of complete graph and star
    YANG Fang, WANG Zhi-wen, CHEN Xiang-en, MA Chun-yan
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (5): 136-143.  
    Abstract1543)      PDF (197KB)(1917)      
    Firstly, we gave an upper bound for the
    vertex-distinguishing proper edge chromatic number of composition of
    complete graph $K_{p}$ and star $S_{q}$, which is $pq+1$ for $p\geq
    2,~q\geq4$. Then by constructing coloring in terms of the symmetry
    of regular polygons and the methods of combinatorial analysis, we
    obtained  respectively vertex-distinguishing proper edge chromatic
    numbers for composition of complete graph $K_{p}$ and star $S_{q}$
    when $p=2,~q\geq4$; $p\geq3,~ q=4$; $p$ is even and $p\geq4,~q=5$;
    $pq$ is odd and $p\geq3,~q\geq5$.
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    ETF arbitrage research on China financial markets
    CHEN Shi, WU Shu-jin, ZHENG Wei-an
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (5): 144-151.  
    Abstract2508)      PDF (1283KB)(2280)      
    This paper first proposed a new model to describe the
    relationship between two paired asset prices:
    $a_x(t)X_t-a_y(t)Y_t=m_t+s_t\varepsilon_t,$ where $X_t$ and $Y_t$
    denote the prices of two paired financial assets at time $t$,
    $a_x(t)$ and $a_y(t)$ the matching coefficients, $m_t$ the long-term
    trend, $s_t$ the standard deviation of residual, and $\varepsilon_t$
    the standardized residual. When $a_x(t)$, $a_y(t)$, $m_t$ and $s_t$
    are constants, the model is reduced to a kind of two-variable
    cointegration model. Based on this new model, the paper proposed a
    statistical arbitrage method for high-frequency trading using the
    stationary process $\{\varepsilon_t\}$. As its application, this
    method was used on three major ETFs in China financial markets and
    achieved very stable and high revenue on all three pairs.
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    Application of stationary technical indicator in high-frequency trading based on MACD
    BAO Si, ZHENG Wei-an, ZHOU Yu
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (5): 152-160.  
    Abstract4781)      PDF (4857KB)(4399)      
    In recent years, the rapid development of the
    high-frequency trading in the global financial market causes the
    extensive concern of the financial world. Because of the ``high
    frequency'' character, the high-frequency trading cannot be
    implemented by manual operation, but only with the help of computer
    programming trading system. Therefore, building a reasonable model
    of high-frequency trading strategy is necessary. MACD is a very
    important and commonly used technical analysis indicator in the
    stocks, futures, foreign currency exchange market, it is commonly
    used to judge the buying or selling time, and track the running
    trend of price of assets. In this paper, we define a new stationary
    technical indicator $\widehat{\rm MACD}_t$   based on MACD
    indicator, which is suitable for high-frequency trading strategy
    modeling. We also prove the stationarity of $\widehat{\rm MACD}_t$
    under the hypothesis of stationarity of the increments of logarithm
    price process. Finally, we construct a high-frequency trading
    strategy based on $\widehat{\rm MACD}_t$  and test its effectiveness
    and profitability by using real market high-frequency data. All
    those put forward a new kind of thought in high-frequency trading.
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    Krull--Schmidt decomposition of the tensor  products of certain simpleUq(gln)-modules at a root of unity
    GU Hai-xia, WANG Jian-pan
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (6): 1-13.  
    Abstract1490)      PDF (183KB)(1929)      
    Assume $\mathscr{F}$ to be a field of characteristic zero,
    and $q\in \mathscr{F}$ to be a root of unity. With $\mathscr F$ as
    the ground field and $q$ as the quantum parameter, let
    $\mathsf{s}_q(n)$ be the restricted quantum symmetric algebra of
    rank $n$, and $\Wedge_q(n)$ be the quantum exterior algebra of rank
    $n$. By [6], the homogenous components of both $\mathsf{s}_q(n)$ and
    $\Wedge_q(n)$ are simple $U_q(\mathfrak{gl}_n)$-modules. In this
    paper, we decompose the tensor product of any homogenous component
    of $\mathsf{s}_q(n)$ with any homogenous component of $\Wedge_q(n)$
    into direct sum of indecomposable modules.
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    Transaction price analysis and high-frequency trading
    LIU Chang, ZHENG Wei-an
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (6): 14-21.  
    Abstract3828)      PDF (598KB)(2446)      
    In recent years, the rapid development of high-frequency
    trading in the global financial market have gained widely attention.
    “Holding period for the assets is short but frequent” and “tiny
    yields in every trade” cause the trading sensitive to the
    transaction cost, in which the transaction price is the core. In
    this paper, a new transaction price model is constructed with the
    position information. Applied to the MACD indicator strategy, it has
    a good performance and bring a better return.
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    Ruin probabilities of a bidimensional risk model with constant interest rate
    ZHANG Yuan-yuan, WANG Wen-sheng
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (6): 22-31.  
    Abstract1338)      PDF (208KB)(1806)      
    We studied two types of ruin in the bidimensional
    framework. For each type of ruin, we derived an integro-differential
    equation for the survival probability, and an explicit asymptotic
    expression for the finite-time ruin probability when claim sizes
    have heavy tailed distributions.
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    Valuing power options under a regime-switching model
    SU Xiao-nan, WANG Wei, WANG Wen-sheng
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (6): 32-39.  
    Abstract1738)      PDF (358KB)(2059)      
    The pricing of European style power call options was
    considered when the dynamics of the underlying risky asset are
    driven by the Markov-modulated Geometric Brownian Motion. In
    particular, the market interest rate, the appreciation rate and the
    volatility of the underlying risky asset switched over time
    according to the sates of the continuous time Markov chain process.
    Since the market is incomplete, the regime switching Esscher
    transform was employed to determine an equivalent martingale measure
    and derive the valuation of the options. Then, the numerical
    analysis of our result was given.
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    Pricing model of American collar option
    CEN Yuan-jun
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (6): 40-45, 56.  
    Abstract1543)      PDF (459KB)(1632)      
    Collar option is designed for invertors with a downside
    income, and for issuers with a limit loss. The mathematical pricing
    model of the American collar option can be formulated as a
    one-dimensional parabolic variational inequality, or equivalently, a
    free boundary problem. To solve this problem, the penalty method and
    PDE arguments are applied. The existence and uniqueness of the
    solution, the properties of the free boundaries, such as
    monotonicity, smoothness, and location, are presented.
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    Boundary value apaproach to solve a class of singularly perturbed problems with spike-type contrast structure
    SONG Ci
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (6): 46-56.  
    Abstract1323)      PDF (475KB)(1677)      
    For the internal layer problem, firstly, the original
    problem was partitioned into left and right problems from the
    transfer point at the internal layer region. Then, through the
    boundary value method, the left and right problems were converted
    into non-singularly perturbed problems. And by boundary layer
    correction technique, the original problem was directly converted
    into two non-singularly perturbed problems. Lastly, the efficiency
    of the boundary value method could be indicated by numerical tests.
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    Generalized Petersen graphs admit proper total colorings with four distinguishing constraints
    YANG Chao, YAO Bing, WANG Hong-yu
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (6): 57-67.  
    Abstract1453)      PDF (330KB)(2119)      
    The study of distinguishing coloring in graphs is derived
    from the frequency assignment problem in mobile communications. This
    paper introduced the concept of $4$-adjacent vertex distinguishing
    total coloring ($4$-avdtc) of a simple graph $G$. The minimum number
    of $k$ colors required for $G$ such that it satisfies a $4$-avdtc is
    denoted as $\chi^{\prime\prime}_{4as}(G)$. For generalized Petersen
    graphs $P(n,k)$, it was proved that $6\leq
    \chi^{\prime\prime}_{4as}(P(n,k))\leq 7$.
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    Maximal Serfling inequalities for the partial sums of random variables sequence and its application
    LI Hui-bao, HU Xue-ping
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (6): 68-73.  
    Abstract1601)      PDF (234KB)(1858)      
    Using the Serfling inequality, some moment inequalities
    for the partial sums of a class of random variables sequence are
    obtained, then we mainly discuss the large deviation and the strong
    convergence by applying these moment inequalities. Some  results in
    relative literature are extended and sharpened.
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    A McCoy condition on noncommutative rings
    WANG Wen-kang
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (6): 74-82.  
    Abstract1219)      PDF (231KB)(1620)      
    Some right (resp., left) McCoy  subrings of matrix ring
    and upper triangular matrix ring over a right (resp., left) McCoy
    ring are presented. At the same time, we also give that  a right
    McCoy ring is not left McCoy and  a left   McCoy ring is not right
    McCoy. Consequently, reversible  rings satisfy a McCoy condition.
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    Improved algorithm of wavelet thresholding for image denoising
    GAO Wen-zhong, CHEN Zhi-yun, ZENG Qiu-mei
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (6): 83-92.  
    Abstract1733)      PDF (3166KB)(2304)      
    The algorithm of the image denoising based on wavelet thresholding shrinkage has been studied. On this basis of soft thresholding function, an improved thresholding function was proposed. The improved thresholding function uses BayesShrink thresholding and SureShrink thresholding to suppress the too many reservations of wavelet coefficients which are produced by SureShrink thresholding. Compared with traditional algorithm (the soft threshold function method (BayesShrink thresholding), the soft threshold function method (SureShrink thresholding), the hard threshold function method and the semi-soft threshold function method), in dealing with the image with few edge points, the processed image based on the improved algorithm has a higher Peak Signal to Noise Ratio(PSNR), a higher Signal to Noise Ratio(SNR), and a lower Mean Square Error(MSE). The processed image based on the improved algorithm is clearer.
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    Improved LDA model for microblog topic mining
    XIE Hao, JIANG Hong
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (6): 93-101.  
    Abstract3513)      PDF (1181KB)(3140)      
    With the dramatic increase of Sina microblog users, microblog websites have been the platformsfor a wide spectrum of users to get information. Due to the fact that microblog is a special kind of text with the restricted length, traditional topic models could not be used to analyze the microblog content very well. RT-LDA, a microblog generation model based on LDA is proposed in this paper. Gibbs sampling is chosen to deduce the model, which can not only mine the topics of each microblog accurately but also induce the distribution of the concerned topics. RT-LDA’s effective utility on topic mining of the microblogs is verified by the experiments on real data.
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    Weak signal DOA estimation method based on synthetic spectrum without prior knowledge of source number
    HOU Shuai PAN Wei
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (6): 102-111.  
    Abstract1463)      PDF (3029KB)(2019)      
    For the problem of the source number and DOA estimation of the weak signals in the interference of the strong signals, a novel method based on synthetic spectrum is proposed. In this method, the outputs of the eigen-beam channels are superimposed by different weights to form a spatial spectrum function. Then the function is used to weight the spatial spectrum function derived from the noise subspace approximation method. Finally, the synthetic spectrum function is constructed to estimate the DOAs of the weak signals without the prior knowledge of source number. Compared to the prevois method based on eigen beamforming, the proposed method has better performance when the DOAs of weak signals are close to each other. The effectiveness and advantage of this method is verified by the simulation results.
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    Mg(Zn, Mn)-doped Cobalt ferrites: a first-principles study
    XIAO Tian-liang, DING Hang-Chen, GONG Shi-Jing, DUAN Chun-gang
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (6): 112-119.  
    Abstract1586)      PDF (1613KB)(2287)      
    Using generalized gradient approximation plus U method, we present electronic and magnetic properties through a systemic theoretical calculation of YxCo1-xFe2O4(Y=Mg, Zn, Mn,x=0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00). Our main results show that: ①  the octahedral Co2+B ions may show high/low spin states under different doping concentration x; ② magnetic moments of high spin state for Co2+B can be changed by different doping degrees, it ranges from 2.54 μB to 2.85 μB; ③  the spinel structure will change from metal to half-metal at the inversion degree region from 0.75 to 1.00.
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    Influence of electrical conductivity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes by halogen-doping
    SHI Guo-Xian XU Xue-Cheng
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (6): 120-126.  
    Abstract1839)      PDF (1822KB)(2638)      
    Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were doped by chlorine, bromine and iodine. Compared with the pristine MWNTs, the electrical conductivities of Cl2-MWNT and Br2-MWNTs were improved over 5 times and 3 times, respectively, while that of I2-MWNTs almost unchanged. The interaction between the halogen and MWNTs was analyzed by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Meanwhile, we also studied the carrier concentration and carrier mobility which may affect the conductivities of the composite. The results show that: When the halogen electronegativity become stronger, the mean free path of the carrier of doped MWNTs will be higher, as well as the carrier mobility. And the stonger the interaction between the halogen and MWNTs become, the more carriers will take part in conducting, which means the carrier concentration will be higher.
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    Influence of pH value on the properties of the composite wires by chemical deposition
    LUAN Hong-yan, LI Xin, WANG Rui-li, PAN Hai-lin,CHEN De-lu, ZHAO Zhen-jie
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (6): 127-132.  
    Abstract1427)      PDF (2736KB)(1896)      
    Composite wires of 100 μm diameter CuBe coated with a layer of NiCoP were prepared by chemical plating, and dc current of 150 mA got through CuBe wires during the process. The influence of pH value on the composite wires was studied in terms of morphology, deposition speed, composition, magnetic property and the GMI effect. The results showed that the pH value influenced GMI effect and critical frequency by changing the roughness of materials, deposition speed, the coating composition and magnetic structure. The maximum GMI effect of 868% is obtained at the pH value of 8.4.
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    Properties of novel poly (aryl ether quinoxaline)s (PEQs)
    ZHAO Qiu-tang, Ding Ya-ming, HUA hui
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (6): 134-140.  
    Abstract7595)      PDF (1409KB)(2027)      
    Novel poly(aryl ether quinoxaline)s (PEQs) were prepared via a new two-step procedure. Firstly, poly (ether benzil) (PEB) was synthesized by the polycondensation of 4,4′-difluorobenzil and 4,4′-isopropylidenediphenol. Then, PEQs were synthesized through chemical modification of PEB by 1,2-diaminobenzene and a small amount of 4,4′-oxydibenzene-1,2-diamine(OBDA). The polymers were characterized by IR, NMR, TMA and other measurements. Experiments show that these PEQs can be dissolved in common organic solvents, such as DMF and THF; these PEQs were dissolved in THF to get films which had good transmittance in the visible region (the transmittance was up to 85% at 450 nm). In addition, they also had higher glass transition temperatures (Tg>210 ℃), good thermal and mechanical properties, as well as excellent resistance to strong acid and alkali. They are expected to be useful functional materials.
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    Poly (L-γ-glutamylglutamine) nanoparticles enhance drug accumulation in resistant cells
    LIU Kai, CHEN Jing, WANG Jing, YU Lei, ZHU Jian-zhong, WANG Yi-ting
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (6): 141-149.  
    Abstract1459)      PDF (2072KB)(2130)      
    This work investigated the antitumor efficacy of poly (L-γ-glutamylglutamine) (PGG) prodrug in multidrug resistant (MDR) cancer cells and the possible mechanisms.  The A549 cell line was induced to become multidrug resistant.  A549 was applied to evaluate the effect of PGG-Dox on intracellular accumulation and retention of Dox. Endocytosis inhibition studies and transmission electron microscope assay were used to investigate the mechanisms of cellular PGG-Dox uptake.  Confocal laser scanning microscopy was performed to confirm the drug accumulation.  Treatment of MDR cells with PGG-Dox resulted in significantly enhanced drug accumulation and retention after the end of treatment compared with free Dox.  Endocytosis inhibition studies showed pinocytosis is the mainly pathway in the elevated membrane permeability of the PGG-Dox.  These demonstrated that Dox conjugate with PGG NPs effectively bypass the multidrug resistance.  Our PGG DDS may be considered as an attractive and promising delivery system to overcome multidrug resistance.
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    Characters on the seed dormancy and germination of an endangered species, Ostrya rehderiana, in Tianmu Mountain, China
    LE Xiao-wei, CUI Min-yan, YANG Shu-zhen, LUO Yuan,ZHAO Ming-shui, LI Yuan-yuan
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (6): 150-158.  
    Abstract1773)      PDF (1356KB)(1679)      
    Ostrya rehderiana is a critically endangered plant species with only five natural individuals remaining in Tianmu Mountain, Zhejiang Province, China. To explore the seed dormancy and germination of O. rehderiana, the seeds were collected from the natural individuals in November 2008 and 2009 and manipulated in illumination incubator in different treatments. Results showed that these seeds have a water absorption rate of 20% after immerging in water for 4 h (p<0.05), indicating it was not physical dormancy (PY). The seeds have higher cumulative germination rates after short low temperature storage (4 weeks v.s. 16 weeks; p<0.05), suggesting low temperature might induce seeds dormancy of O. rehderiana. To break dormancy, relative longer times (median length of germination time=54 d) of temperature above 15 ℃ were needed, indicating the seeds may belong to physiological dormancy (PD). The most favorable germination condition was 15/25 ℃ employing 400 or 600 mg·L-1 GA. We conclude that seeds treated with GA should be sown in a fitting condition immediately to germinate well in the ex situ conservation of O. rehderiana. In addition, it is a feasible method that seeds germinate in the nature with added GA artificially.
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    Analysis of sugar metabolism and its related enzymes activities during vase-holding days of cut rose petal
    LI Long, WANG Hai-hong, CHEN Zhao-liang, QIAO Yong-jin, WANG Li
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (6): 159-164.  
    Abstract1507)      PDF (1395KB)(2233)      
    Analyze changes of sugar metabolism and its related enzymes activities during vase-holding days of cut roses named “cv. Black Magic flower” and “cv. Movie Star flower” were studied. The results showed that glucose and fructose contents increased rapidly with the cell enlargement in the petals and during flower growth, but the content of sucrose dropped gradually. The cut rose named “cv. Movie Star flower” had a larger hexoses (glucose+fructose) content , fresh weight and a bigger flower diameter fresh weight than “cv. Black Magic flower” . The activity of acid invertase (AI) was always at a higher level than those of the neutral invertase (NI), sucrose synthase (SS) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS). The activity of acid invertase (AI) was positively correlated with sucrose degradation index (SDI). In conclusion, the acid invertase (AI) was a key enzyme in the sucrose degradation and hexoses accumulation, while hexose accumulation in the petal might be important for flower growth and development in cut rose.
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    HPLC-ESI-MS determination of neurotransmitters L-serine/D-serine in rat brain tissues
    WANG Wei-li, DUAN Ya-le, LIU Sha, ZHANG Yao, ZHAO Zheng
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (6): 165-170.  
    Abstract1849)      PDF (1032KB)(1792)      
    A highly sensitive and selective high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS) assay was developed for the determination of neurotransmitters L-serine/D-serine in rat brain tissues. The rat brain was removed, homogenized and centrifuged.L-serine/D-serine in the supernatant was derivatized with the Marfey’s reagent. The derivatives were separated by HPLC under gradient elution of mobile phase consisting of ammonium formate and acetonitrile and detected by ESI-MS in the negative ion mode. Reverse phase chromatographic resolution of the enantiomers was obtained within 22 min. Good linear correlations of the concentration to the peak area were obtained in the ranges of 2.5~500 ng/mg for L-serine and 1.2~250 ng/mg for D-serine. The extraction recoveries for both analysts were in the range of 81% to 89%. The method was then applied to determine the levels of the neurotransmitters in cerebral cortex and hippocampus of the adult and aged rats. The results showed that L-serine levels kept unchanged,while D-serine levels decreased significantly, in cortex and hippocampus of the aged rats compared with those of the adult rats, suggesting an involvement of D-serine in the normal aging process.
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    Analysis of gal-3 gene diversity of Bufo gargarizans
    PAN Li-nian, WAN Wen-bin, ZHANG Shu-fang, ZHU-GE Hui, ZHOU Pin-pin, YANG Xian-yu
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (6): 171-180.  
    Abstract2179)      PDF (5459KB)(2093)      
    Three independent groups of first-strand cDNAs were synthesized from the total RNA extracted from the skin of a single individual of Bufo gargarizans using different kits including SMARTer TM RACE cDNA Amplification Kit and modified Quantscript RT kit, which were then used as templates for the subsequent polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR products were cloned into the pGM-T vector and sequenced. As a result, 16 different uni-cDNAs were singled out of the total 31 cDNA clones. Same sequences, single nucleotide polymorphism sites (SNPs) and base deletions were detected in two or three independent experiments/groups, indicating gal-3 diversity, which led to diversity of proteins encoded. But alignment of the amino acid residues deduced form these gal-3 cDNAs revealed high conservation of glycosyl-binding sites, phosphorelation sites and the motifs highly associated with biological functions, which suggested the existence of galectin-3 diversity in the skin of B. gargarizans.
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    Development and application of the Cross-platform Intelligent e-Education Service Platform
    WU Yong-he, HE Chao, FENG Xiang, WANG Jian,SHEN Jian, REN You-qun
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (6): 181-192.  
    Abstract1505)      PDF (6565KB)(1845)      
    The Cross-platform Intelligent e-Education Service Platform (CIeESP) is a major task of scientific research assigned by the Science and Technology Committee of Shanghai Municipality, with its main goal being to build the cross-platform intelligent e-education service platform and study its business model. This paper introduced the development and application of the platform from three aspects: design idea, system design and implement. First, the CIeESP plat form based on cloud service and four subsystems, including Education Resource Management Subsystem, Learning Subsystem Based on Mobile Terminal, Education Resource Supermarket Subsystem and Online Interactive Learning Subsystem, are explained from technology resolution, system deployment and application. Second, the development of education resource based on two-dimension code is illustrated, and its demonstration and model are provided from two kind of services based on two-dimension code and of online interactive learning and business model, respectively. Then the usability test for the System is described. Finally, summary and outlook are given.
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    QR-code based design of supplementary book service platform
    FENG Xiang, WU Yong-he, WANG Jian, REN You-qun
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc    2013, 2013 (6): 193-201.  
    Abstract1865)      PDF (4263KB)(2705)      
    This study applied two-dimensional code in the design of a supplementary book distribution system: used it as the entrance to the digital world, constructed a services platform, developed a mobile application for ubiquitous learning, and built a supplementary publishing ecosystem. The study connects supplementary books and digital supplementary resources seamlessly, providing better learning experience. The research result has been applied by the Press of East China Normal University in distribution of paper supplementary books and yield good results.
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