北极克罗斯峡湾冰川活动的沉积记录

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2023.03.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对取自北极克罗斯峡湾的沉积物岩芯进行了沉积组分分析和放射性年代测定, 探讨了20世纪30年代以来粒度的垂直分布特征和沉积类型变化, 以揭示过去几十年高纬度冰川前沿峡湾地区发生的环境变化. 结果表明, 该区域自20世纪90年代以来沉积速率 (0.35 cm/a) 显著增加, 约为20世纪90年代以前的2倍 (0.16 cm/a). 20世纪90年代以后平均粒径和中值粒径增大, 出现了显著的沉积物粗化现象. 同时, 分选性下降, 偏度向正偏变化, 峰态波动增大, 粒度组成发生了显著变化. 沉积环境的改变反映出近三十年来克罗斯峡湾地区发生了环境变化, 气候变化引起冰川的快速融化, 进而增加了高纬度冰川前沿峡湾地区的陆源物质输入.

关键词: 北极, 克罗斯峡湾, 粒度, 冰川融化, 沉积记录

Abstract:

In this study, sedimentary component analysis and radioactive dating of sediment core from Krossfjorden were used to evaluate the vertical distribution of grain sizes and sedimentary changes since the 1930s. The analysis helps us to understand the environmental changes that have taken place in fjords of the high-latitude glacier front over the past few decades. The results show that the sedimentation rate (0.35 cm/a) has increased significantly since the 1990s and is about twice the rate observed historically before the 1990s (0.16 cm/a). After the 1990s, the mean and median grain size increased and sediment coarsening appeared. Moreover, the composition of grain sizes changed significantly, including a decrease in the sorting coefficient, increase in kurtosis fluctuation, and positive skewness change. Changes in the sedimentary characteristics indicate that the environment has changed in the Krossfjorden during the last thirty years. Climate change has caused rapid glacier melting, which has significantly increased the proliferation of terrigenous materials in fjords of the high-latitude glacier front.

Key words: Arctic, Krossfjorden, grain size, deglaciation, sedimentary record

中图分类号:

张鑫悦, 邓兵, 杜金洲. 北极克罗斯峡湾冰川活动的沉积记录[J]. 华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 2023(3): 43-52.

Xinyue ZHANG, Bing DENG, Jinzhou DU. A historical sedimentary record of glacial activity in Krossfjorden, Arctic[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science), 2023, 2023(3): 43-52.

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沉积环境	区域	沉积速率 /(cm·a^–1)
河流	勒拿河河口	0.39 ^[24]
	鄂毕河河口	0.4 ~ 1.0 ^[25]
	叶尼塞河河口	0.4 ~ 1.0 ^[25]
冰川	克罗斯峡湾	0.16 ~ 0.35 (本文)
	东新地岛海槽	0.1 ~ 0.3 ^[25]
	王湾	0.38 ~ 0.41 ^[6]
	霍恩松峡湾	0.22 ~ 0.24 ^[6]
	斯图尔峡湾	0.18 ^[26]

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