传统的数据库系统是根据20世纪70年代的硬件特点而设计. 随着“云计算”和“大数据”时代的到来，应用需求对数据库系统的事务吞吐量和可扩展性提出了更高的要求，同时内存、多核等新型计算机硬件技术的发展为数据库系统的发展提供了新的机遇，因此研究和设计新型数据库系统也变得越来越重要. 本文针对新型计算机硬件和应用需求的特点，研究和分析了新型OLTP数据库系统设计所涉及的关键技术，并探讨了存在的挑战性问题.

Traditional database systems were designed based on the hardware environment in 1970s. However, with the era of “Cloud Computing” and “Big Data”, On Line Transaction Processing requires database systems to provide more transaction throughput and better scalability. Meanwhile, the development of Computer hardware, in particular memory and multiple CPU Cores offer new opportunity for database systems evolution. Therefore, researching and designing new distributed database systems becomes more and more crucial. This paper researched on the key techniques and challenges of designing new OLTP Database systems.