Oceans are an important place for the integration of civilizations and a link for economic exchange among the countries of the world. The 21st century Maritime Silk Road covers many countries across three continents. These countries have various geographical characteristics, resources, cultures, and customs. Based on the theory of geopolitics, this paper analyzes the political difficulties faced by the Maritime Silk Road; specifically, the paper clarifies the potential geopolitical problems and categorizes countries according to their geopolitical characteristics. The paper then offers suggestions for avoiding political risks, while exploring business opportunities. In this context, China is breaking the traditional military competition between super powers to build a new world order through economic development and international trade, emphasizing a peaceful rise in the new era.