为评估生态修复过程中太湖沿岸浅水湖泊的生态系统健康状况, 于2022年对金墅港圩地水体进行了调查. 构建了水生态健康综合评估指标体系, 由目标层、准则层、指标层构成. 其中, 准则层由功能性、完整性、稳定性3项组成, 指标层由综合水质、营养状态等14个大项参数和pH值、温度、溶解氧等28个小项参数构成, 采用层次分析法分别确定了准则层和指标层的权重系数, 再使用比值法统一量纲. 结果表明, 在生态修复过程中, 功能评价指数在秋季达到最高, 完整性评价指数在秋、冬两季优于春、夏两季, 稳定性评价指数在夏季最高, 有70%的点位处于“健康”水平, 水生态健康综合评价指数持续上升. 说明生态修复工程有效地促进了水生态系统的重建与恢复, 这不仅对后续的修复和管理有重要意义, 而且能为其他湖泊的水生态修复和评价提供借鉴.

To judge ecosystem health of the shallow lakes along the shores of Taihu Lake in the process of ecological restoration, water body of Jinshugang polder was investigated during 2022. The comprehensive assessment index system of water ecological health was constructed, consisting of the target layer, criterion layer, and index layer, of which the criterion layer was composed of three items: function, integrity, and stability. The index layer was composed of 14 major items such as comprehensive water quality and nutritional status and 28 small items such as pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen. The results showed that during the process of ecological restoration, functional evaluation index reached the highest in autumn, integrity evaluation index was better than that in spring and summer, stability evaluation index was the best in summer, with 70% of the points at the “healthy” level, and the comprehensive evaluation index of aquatic ecological health continued to increase. The results and system of comprehensive evaluation of water ecological health formulated for shallow lakes in Taihu Lake are not only important for subsequent restoration and management, but also provide a reference for water ecological restoration and evaluation of other lakes.