上海大型城市公园斑块结构对鸟类群落的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2016.06.004

华东师范大学学报(自然科学版)

上海大型城市公园斑块结构对鸟类群落的影响

杨刚^[1,2], 王勇^[3], 许洁^[3], 丁由中^[3], 叶辛^[3], 王正寰^[2,3]

1. 上海科技馆上海自然博物馆~自然史研究中心, 上海 200127;
2. 华东师范大学上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室, 上海 200241;
3. 华东师范大学生命科学学院, 上海 200241

收稿日期:2016-06-16 出版日期:2016-11-25 发布日期:2017-01-13
通讯作者: 王正寰, 男, 副教授, 硕士生导师, 研究方向为生态学. E-mail: zhwang@ecnu.edu.cn.
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31601872); 上海科技馆基础研究专项基金; 上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室开放基金

Influence of patch structure on bird community and structure in Shanghai large urban parks

YANG Gang^[1,2], WANG Yong^[3], XU Jie^[3], DING You-zhong^[3], YE Xin^[3], WANG Zheng-huan^[2,3]

1.Natural History Research Center, Shanghai Natural History Museum, Shanghai Science and Technology Museum, Shanghai 200127, China;
2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Ecological Restoration, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China;
3. School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China

Received:2016-06-16 Online:2016-11-25 Published:2017-01-13

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究以上海植物园、世纪公园、共青森林公园、滨江森林公园和海湾森林公园~5~个大型城市公园为研究地点, 2012年5月到2013年4月, 用样线法对5个公园进行鸟类群落调查. 借助 ArcGIS10.0 目视解译对 5 个公园的卫星图像进行斑块分类. 基于斑块分类结果, 置 34 个斑块结构变量(斑块数变量、斑块密度变量、斑块面积变量、斑块边界长度变量、斑块面积周长比变量和斑块多样性指数等). 用卡方检验比较5个公园鸟类种类和数量以及斑块数量是否具有显著差异. 使用多元线性回归分析鸟类数据与斑块结构变量的回归关系. 结果表明, 5个公园的鸟种数(χ²=29.91, p <0.001)和数量(χ²=4 891.12, p <0.001)均存在显著差异. 多元线性回归模型显示, 鸟种数与水体斑块数、草地斑块面积周长比和最大斑块指数具有显著的相关性. 类数量与林地斑块面积、林地斑块周长和平均斑块面积显著相关. 地鸟类与林地斑块面积、草地斑块密度、水体斑块面积显著相关. 本研究为城市野生鸟类保护策略提供理论基础和建议.

关键词: 城市公园, 斑块结构, 鸟类群落, 多元线性回归

Abstract:

The bird community was surveyed in Shanghai Botanical Garden, Century Park, Gongqing Forest Park, Binjiang Forest Park and Haiwan Forest Park during May 2012 to April 2013 by line transect method. We used ArcGIS 10.0 to classify the patches within the urban parks by visual interpretation. Based on the classification, 34 patch variables including patch number, patch density, patch area and patch total edge was set to analyze the relationship between bird communities and patch variables. We used Chi-square test to analyze whether the bird species and abundance in various urban parks differed significantly. Multiple statistical analyses were required to measure how the patch variables affected the bird community composition. Results indicated that there was significant difference among bird richness, bird abundance, the number of patches in 5 urban parks. Multiple linear regression models confirmed that there was significant positive correlation between bird species and the number of Number of Water patches (WNP) and Grassland patches shape index (GSI ). There was significant negative correlation between bird species and the largest patch index (LPI ). Bird abundance was significant positive correlation with size of Plant patches (PPS), mean size of patches (MPS) and was significant negative correlation with total edge of Plant patches (PTE). In addition, suggestions in relation to the construction of urban parks and vegetation configuration were put forward according to the above results.

Key words: urban parks, patch structure, bird community, multiple linear regression

杨刚, 王勇, 许洁, 丁由中, 叶辛, 王正寰. 上海大型城市公园斑块结构对鸟类群落的影响[J]. 华东师范大学学报(自然科学版), doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2016.06.004.

YANG Gang, WANG Yong, XU Jie, DING You-zhong, YE Xin, WANG Zheng-huan. Influence of patch structure on bird community and structure in Shanghai large urban parks[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2016.06.004.

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上海大型城市公园斑块结构对鸟类群落的影响

Influence of patch structure on bird community and structure in Shanghai large urban parks

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