双势阱中利用量子非破坏性测量产生自旋压缩玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚态

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2022.04.016

华东师范大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2022, Vol. 2022 ›› Issue (4): 154-162.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2022.04.016

• 物理学与电子学 • 上一篇

双势阱中利用量子非破坏性测量产生自旋压缩玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚态

季杨旭¹, ILO-OKEKEEbubechukwu O.², BYRNESTim^1,^2,*()

1. 华东师范大学精密光谱科学与技术国家重点实验室, 上海　200241
2. 上海纽约大学物理系 , 上海　200122

收稿日期:2021-08-23 出版日期:2022-07-25 发布日期:2022-07-19
通讯作者: BYRNESTim E-mail:tim.byrnes@nyu.edu
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(62071301); 国务院资助项目(D1210036A); 国家自然科学基金国际青年科学基金(11850410426); 上海市科学技术委员会资助项目(19XD1423000); 中国科技交流中心资助项目(NGA-16-001); 上海纽约大学促进基金; 上海纽约大学华东师范大学物理研究所项目

Quantum nondemolition measuremen generated spin-squeezed Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a double-well trap

Yangxu JI¹, Ebubechukwu O. ILO-OKEKE², Tim BYRNES^1,^2,*()

1. State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai　200241, China
2. Department of Physics, New York University Shanghai, Shanghai　200122, China

Received:2021-08-23 Online:2022-07-25 Published:2022-07-19
Contact: Tim BYRNES E-mail:tim.byrnes@nyu.edu

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

着重探究了如何在双势阱中运用量子非破坏性(Quantum Nondemolition, QND)测量产生一个自旋压缩的原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚态(Bose-Einstein Condensate, BEC), 其中每个势阱的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚都是由马赫-曾德干涉仪产生的相干光与原子相互作用后借助量子非破坏性测量方法来监测. 用精确的波函数方法求解了该原子-光系统的动力学方程, 而以往的研究多是采用Holstein-Primakoff (HP)近似. 研究中发现, 在零检测电流和相同的相干光束的条件下监测凝聚态, 可以使测量对原子的影响最小化. 在弱原子-光相互作用状态下, 通过观察条件概率分布和Q函数分布发现平均自旋方向相对不受影响, 而自旋方差沿光耦合的轴方向被压缩.

关键词: 玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚态, 量子非破坏性测量, 自旋相干态, Q函数

Abstract:

This paper studies the use of quantum nondemolition (QND) measurement to produce a spin squeezed atomic Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) in a double-well trap. The spin squeezed atomic Bose-Einstein condensate is performed by putting the BECs of a double well in the two arms of a Mach Zehnder interferometer and performing a QND measurement. The dynamics of the light-atom system are solved using an exact wave-function approach, in contrast to previous approaches where approximations were made using techniques like the Holstein-Primakoff approximation. The backaction of the measurement on atoms is minimized by monitoring the condensate at zero detection current and the identical coherent beams. At the weak atom-light interaction limit, we find that the average spin direction is relatively unaffected by observing the conditional probability distribution and the Q function distribution. The spin variance is squeezed along the axis of optical coupling.

Key words: Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), quantum nondemolition (QND) measurement, spin coherent state, Q function

中图分类号:

O431.2

季杨旭, ILO-OKEKEEbubechukwu O., BYRNESTim. 双势阱中利用量子非破坏性测量产生自旋压缩玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚态[J]. 华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022, 2022(4): 154-162.

Yangxu JI, Ebubechukwu O. ILO-OKEKE, Tim BYRNES. Quantum nondemolition measuremen generated spin-squeezed Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a double-well trap[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science), 2022, 2022(4): 154-162.

图/表 5

参考文献 29

1	NIELSEN M A, CHUANG I L . Quantum Computation and Quantum Information [M]. 10th Anniversary ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.
2	HORODECKI R, HORODECKI P, HORODECKI M, et al. Quantum entanglement. Reviews of Modern Physics, 2009, 81 (2): 865- 942.
3	GIOVANNETTI V, LLOYD S, MACCONE L. Advances in quantum metrology. Nature Photonics, 2011, 5 (4): 222- 229.
4	DEGEN C L, REINHARD F, CAPPELLARO P. Quantum sensing. Reviews of Modern Physics, 2017, 89 (3): 035002.
5	JOZSA R, ABRAMS D S, DOWLING J P, et al. Quantum clock synchronization based on shared prior entanglement. Physical Review Letters, 2000, 85 (9): 2010-2013.
6	ILO-OKEKE E O, ILYAS B, TESSLER L, et al. Relativistic corrections to photonic entangled states for the space-based quantum network. Physical Review A, 2020, 101 (1): 012322.
7	NAGELE C, ILO-OKEKE E O, ROHDE P P, et al. Relativity of quantum states in entanglement swapping. Physics Letters A, 2020, 384 (15): 126301.
8	KITAGAWA M, UEDA M. Squeezed spin states. Physical Review A, 1993, 47 (6): 5138-5143.
9	MA J, WANG X G, SUN C P, et al. Quantum spin squeezing. Physics Reports, 2011, 509 (2/3): 89- 165.
10	WINELAND D J, BOLLINGER J J, ITANO W M, et al. Squeezed atomic states and projection noise in spectroscopy. Physical Review A, 1994, 50 (1): 67-88.
11	BOYD R W. Nonlinear Optics [M]. San Diego: Academic Press, 1992: 155.
12	NEW G. Introduction to Nonlinear Optics [M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.
13	WALLS D F. Squeezed states of light. Nature, 1983, 306 (5939): 141- 146.
14	SLUSHER R E, HOLLBERG L W, YURKE B, et al. Observation of squeezed states generated by four-wave mixing in an optical cavity. Physical Review Letters, 1985, 55 (22): 2409-2412.
15	WU L A, KIMBLE H J, HALL J L, et al. Generation of squeezed states by parametric down conversion. Physical Review Letters, 1986, 57 (20): 2520-2523.
16	JING Y M, FADEL M, IVANNIKOV V, et al. Split spin-squeezed Bose-Einstein condensates. New Journal of Physics, 2019, 21 (9): 093038.
17	TAKAHASHI Y, HONDA K, TANAKA N, et al. Quantum nondemolition measurement of spin via the paramagnetic Faraday rotation. Physical Review A, 1999, 60 (6): 4974-4979.
18	SØRENSEN A, DUAN L M, CIRAC J I, et al. Many-particle entanglement with Bose-Einstein condensates. Nature, 2001, 409 (6816): 63- 66.
19	HALD J, SØRENSEN J L, SCHORI C, et al. Spin squeezed atoms: A macroscopic entangled ensemble created by light. Physical Review Letters, 1999, 83 (7): 1319-1322.
20	KUZMICH A, MANDEL L, BIGELOW N P. Generation of spin squeezing via continuous quantum nondemolition measurement. Physical Review Letters, 2000, 85 (8): 1594-1597.
21	ORZEL C, TUCHMAN A K, FENSELAU M L, et al. Squeezed states in a Bose-Einstein condensate. Science, 2001, 291 (5512): 2386- 2389.
22	IMOTO N, HAUS H A, YAMAMOTO Y. Quantum nondemolition measurement of the photon number via the optical Kerr effect. Physical Review A, 1985, 32 (4): 2287-2292.
23	APPEL J, WINDPASSINGER P J, OBLAK D, et al. Mesoscopic atomic entanglement for precision measurements beyond the standard quantum limit. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009, 106 (27): 10960- 10965.
24	VASILAKIS G, SHEN H, JENSEN K, et al. Generation of a squeezed state of an oscillator by stroboscopic back-action-evading measurement. Nature Physics, 2015, 11 (5): 389- 392.
25	MØLLER C B, THOMAS R A, VASILAKIS G, et al. Quantum back-action-evading measurement of motion in a negative mass reference frame. Nature, 2017, 547 (7662): 191- 195.
26	KITZINGER J, CHAUDHARY M, KONDAPPAN M, et al. Two-axis two-spin squeezed states. Physical Review Research, 2020, 2 (3): 033504.
27	ABDELRAHMAN A, MUKAI T, HÄFFNER H, et al. Coherent all-optical control of ultracold atoms arrays in permanent magnetic traps. Optics Express, 2014, 22 (3): 3501- 3513.
28	HANDSCHY M A. Re-examination of the 1887 Michelson-Morley experiment. American Journal of Physics, 1982, 50 (11): 987- 990.
29	BYRNES T, ILO-OKEKE E O. Quantum Atom Optics: Theory and Applications to Quantum Technology [M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021.

[1]	孟鑫, IVANNIKOVValentin, BYRNESTim. 分离双模压缩玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚态并检验其贝尔关联[J]. 华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022, 2022(4): 131-138.
[2]	高帅, PRESTMatthew, ILO-OKEKEEbubechukwu O., KONDAPPANManikandan, ARISTIZABAL-ZULUAGAJuan E., IVANNIKOVValentin, BYRNESTim. 玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚态间的光学介导纠缠[J]. 华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022, 2022(2): 93-105.

双势阱中利用量子非破坏性测量产生自旋压缩玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚态

Quantum nondemolition measuremen generated spin-squeezed Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a double-well trap

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 5

参考文献 29

相关文章 2

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价