华东师范大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2023, Vol. 2023 ›› Issue (3): 1-8.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2023.03.001

• 生态与环境科学 •    

城市尺度上植被分类体系方案及其在上海市的运用

达良俊1,2,3,4(), 高志文1,2, 杨永川5, 宋坤1,2,3,4, 郭雪艳6, 梁红7, 夏体渊8, 王华锋9, 周婷10, 张代贵11, 田志慧12, 胡远东13, 贾博1,2   

  1. 1. 华东师范大学 生态与环境科学学院 上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室, 上海　200241
    2. 华东师范大学 浙江天童森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 浙江 宁波　315114
    3. 崇明生态研究院, 上海　202162
    4. 自然资源部大都市区国土空间生态修复工程技术创新中心, 上海　200062
    5. 重庆大学 三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 重庆　400045
    6. 司法鉴定科学研究院, 上海　200063
    7. 青岛农业大学 园林与林学院, 山东 青岛　266109
    8. 昆明学院 农学与生命科学学院, 昆明　650214
    9. 海南大学 三亚南繁研究院, 海南 三亚　572024
    10. 中山大学 生命科学学院 国家公园与自然教育研究院, 广州　510275
    11. 吉首大学 生物资源与环境科学学院, 湖南 吉首　416000
    12. 上海市农业科学院 生态环境保护研究所, 上海　201403
    13. 东北林业大学 园林学院, 哈尔滨　150040
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-12 接受日期:2022-08-18 出版日期:2023-05-25 发布日期:2023-05-25
  • 作者简介:达良俊, 男, 教授, 博士生导师, 研究方向为植被生态学、城市生态学. E-mail: ljda@des.ecnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31770468); 国家科技基础性工作专项(2015FY210200-4); 上海市科委项目 (18DZ1204600, 22DZ1202102, 20ZR1417300); 华东师范大学优秀博士生学术创新能力提升计划项目(YBNLTS2019-019)

A scheme of vegetation classification system at city scale and its application in Shanghai

Liangjun DA1,2,3,4(), Zhiwen GAO1,2, Yongchuan YANG5, Kun SONG1,2,3,4, Xueyan GUO6, Hong LIANG7, Tiyuan XIA8, Huafeng WANG9, Ting ZHOU10, Daigui ZHANG11, Zhihui TIAN12, Yuandong HU13, Bo JIA1,2   

  1. 1. Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai　200241, China
    2. Zhejiang Tiantong National Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, East ChinaNormal University, Ningbo, Zhejiang　315114, China
    3. Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai　202162, China
    4. Technology Innovation Center for Land Spatial Eco-restoration in Metropolitan Area, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shanghai　200062, China
    5. Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), Chongqing University, Chongqing　400045, China
    6. Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai　200063, China
    7. College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong　266109, China
    8. College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Kunming　650241, China
    9. Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Sanya, Hainan　572024, China
    10. National Park and Natural Education Research Institution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou　510275, China
    11. College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan　416000, China
    12. Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai　201403, China
    13. School of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin　150040, China
  • Received:2022-05-12 Accepted:2022-08-18 Online:2023-05-25 Published:2023-05-25

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摘要：

以城市为对象编制植被志或植被图有助于城市尺度上的植被管理与保护. 我国的植被分类体系主要是以自然植被为主体构建的, 且大多集中在全国尺度上或省域尺度上, 不适用于城市尺度上的植被分类. 并且, 强人为干预下形成的植被一直未出现学界公认的分类体系, 给城市植被的研究带来了诸多不便. 本文基于“起源-干扰-功能”为基本原则的综合型城市植被分类体系, 按照植被起源和受人为干扰程度将城市植被分为自然植被、次生植被和栽培植被. 栽培植被依据其功能类型进一步划分为人工林地植被、景观绿地植被及农业植被三大类型. 下级单位参照1980年《中国植被》的分类系统, 并结合新近《中国植被志》编研提出的3个初步纲领性文件, 进而构建城市植被分类系统, 并对城市植被分类的原则和标准在上海地区进行了应用尝试, 以期进一步构建一个兼具学术科学性和应用操作性的城市植被分类体系, 为后续城市植被志的编撰, 以及城市植被的认知、保护、建设和管理提供理论依据和技术支撑.

关键词: 城市植被, 次生植被, 替代植被, 植被分类

Abstract:

The development of city-scale vegetation maps is helpful for vegetation management and conservation. Vegetation classification systems in China mainly consider natural vegetation and most classification systems operate at the national or provincial scale, making them unsuitable for city-scale classification. Until now, the lack of a classification system designed specifically for urban vegetation has limited the studies on urban vegetation. Based on the origin, disturbance, and function, our classification system divides urban vegetation into natural, secondary, and cultivated vegetations. Based on the function, cultivated vegetation is further divided into artificial forest land, landscape green land , and urban agricultural vegetations. Based on the Classification System of China’s Vegetation in 1980 and the three newly proposed preliminary guideline documents for classification of natural vegetation, we establish a new urban vegetation classification system. We applied the principles of this new urban system in Shanghai and other areas in China, to further refine the system and ensure it has both academic and practical values. This work provides the theoretical basis for compiling information about urban vegetation and provides technical support for the recognition, protection, construction, and management of urban vegetation.

Key words: urban vegetation, secondary vegetation, substitutive vegetation, vegetation classification

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