有损通道中高鲁棒性的快速视频隐写算法

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2025.04.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

高清视频在传输过程中经过有损通道的压缩之后会导致隐藏信息的丢失. 高效的视频隐写算法需要硬件实现, 以达到低功耗、高速和更可靠的实时处理. 为了保证秘密数据实时且可靠的传输, 需要隐写算法具有低复杂度和高鲁棒性. 针对此问题, 提出了一种适用于硬件平台实现的高效且鲁棒的隐写算法. 该算法利用直流(Direct Current, DC)系数的生成原理和分布特征, 在空间域中直接修改像素值, 而不是在离散余弦变换域中执行. 因此, 该算法同时具备了空间域隐写算法的简单性以及变换域隐写算法的高鲁棒性. 实验结果表明, 该算法具有较低的计算复杂度, 并且在本地有损通道压缩中表现出了优异的鲁棒性和视觉质量.

关键词: 视频隐写, 有损通道, 计算复杂度, 鲁棒性

Abstract:

High-definition videos lose hidden information when compressed by lossy channels during transmission. Concurrently, efficient video steganography algorithms require hardware implementation to achieve low-power, high-speed, and reliable real-time processing. To ensure real-time and reliable transmission of secret data, the steganography algorithm requires low complexity and high robustness. Therefore, this study proposes an efficient and robust steganography algorithm for hardware platform implementations. The algorithm employs the generation principle and distribution characteristics of DC (Direct Current) coefficients to modify the pixel values directly in the spatial domain rather than in the discrete cosine transform domain. Therefore, the proposed algorithm exhibits both the simplicity of the spatial-domain steganography algorithm and the high robustness of the transform-domain steganography algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has low computational complexity and exhibits excellent robustness and visual quality in local lossy channel compression.

Key words: video steganography, damaged channels, computational complexity, robustness

中图分类号:

TP391

胡正, 黄昶. 有损通道中高鲁棒性的快速视频隐写算法[J]. 华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2025, 2025(4): 38-48.

Zheng HU, Chang HUANG. A high robust fast video steganography algorithm in lossy channels[J]. J* E* C* N* U* N* S*, 2025, 2025(4): 38-48.

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分辨率/像素	通道类型	R_e/%			R₁/%	R₂/%	R₃/%
分辨率/像素	通道类型	文献[20]方法	文献[21]方法	本文方法	本文方法
480×480	CRF20	1.03	0.54	1.71	0.63	0.08	0.05
	CRF26	1.41	4.17	1.61	0.53	0.06	0.03
	CRF32	1.56	18.15	1.88	0.68	0.10	0.05
	QP20	1.15	0	1.98	0.77	0.12	0.08
	QP26	2.42	0.59	2.07	0.71	0.10	0.03
	QP32	1.43	7.76	1.77	0.61	0.10	0.24
	H.265	2.25	0.98	1.59	0.30	0.06	0.02
720×720	CRF20	0.94	2.75	2.17	0.74	0.13	0.05
	CRF26	1.55	17.08	1.45	0.48	0.07	0.01
	CRF32	1.47	34.73	1.34	0.36	0.03	0.01
	QP20	1.19	0	1.37	0.21	0.01	0
	QP26	1.95	1.00	2.24	0.58	0.06	0.02
	QP32	1.63	14.05	1.27	0.30	0.02	0.01
	H.265	2.12	1.18	1.54	0.28	0.01	0
1 080×1 080	CRF20	0.88	1.52	0.85	0.15	0	0
	CRF26	1.24	15.74	2.01	0.78	0.11	0.09
	CRF32	1.41	35.16	1.27	0.51	0.08	0.05
	QP20	1.16	0	1.08	0.07	0.01	0
	QP26	2.95	0.52	1.39	0.57	0.10	0.07
	QP32	1.21	13.26	1.55	0.43	0.07	0.03
	H.265	1.87	0.93	1.61	0.31	0.02	0

分辨率/像素	嵌入时间/(ms·帧^–1)			提取时间/(ms·帧^–1)
分辨率/像素	文献[20]方法	文献[21]方法	本文方法	文献[20]方法	文献[21]方法	本文方法
480×480	76.99	14.00	2.17	31.66	8.33	1.00
720×720	239.64	42.66	6.53	95.66	11.00	3.00
1 080×1 080	517.61	101.32	14.33	234.98	14.00	6.50

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