华东师范大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 2025 ›› Issue (4): 84-92.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2025.04.009

• • 上一篇    下一篇

上海市野生动物小型栖息地建设成效探析——以吴淞江鸟类栖息地为例

乔云路1, 汪嘉怡1, 王宏伟1,2,*(), 于威宇1, 袁逸云1   

  1. 1. 上海应用技术大学 生态技术与工程学院,上海 201418
    2. 美丽中国与生态文明研究院 (上海高校智库),上海 201418
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-21 接受日期:2024-05-06 出版日期:2025-07-25 发布日期:2025-07-19
  • 通讯作者: 王宏伟 E-mail:whw@sit.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    上海市绿化和市容管理局科研项目(G211203); 上海高校智库项目 (101100230013004-A25)

Analysis of the effectiveness of small-scale habitat construction for wild animals in Shanghai: A case study of a bird habitat in Wusong River

Yunlu QIAO1, Jiayi Wang1, Hongwei WANG1,2,*(), Weiyu YU1, Yiyun YUAN1   

  1. 1. School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
    2. The Research Institution of Beautiful China and Ecological Civilization (A University Think Tank of Shanghai Municipality), Shanghai 201418, China
  • Received:2024-01-21 Accepted:2024-05-06 Online:2025-07-25 Published:2025-07-19
  • Contact: Hongwei WANG E-mail:whw@sit.edu.cn

摘要:

为探析上海市野生动物小型栖息地建设成效, 以改造建成后的上海市吴淞江鸟类栖息地为例, 采用样线法和直接计数法对吴淞江鸟类栖息地鸟类多样性及季节动态等建设成效进行了研究分析. 共记录到鸟类10目29科54种, 其中水鸟11种, 雀形目鸟类38种, 国家Ⅱ级保护鸟类1种. 在鸟类各居留型中, 留鸟28种, 占51.9%; 冬候鸟15种, 占27.8%; 夏候鸟6种, 占11.1%; 旅鸟5种, 占9.3%. 在鸟类各区系中, 古北界种23种, 占42.6%; 东洋界种17种, 占31.5%; 广布种14种, 占25.9%. 鸟类优势种以乌鸫 (Turdus mandarinus)、白头鹎 (Pycnonotus sinensis)、珠颈斑鸠 (Spilopelia chinensis)、[树]麻雀 (Passer montanus)、暗绿绣眼鸟 (Zosterops simplex)、丝光椋鸟 (Spodiopsar sericeus)、黄喉鹀 (Emberiza elegans) 和棕背伯劳 (Lanius schach) 为主. 夏候鸟和旅鸟在栖息地内数量偏少. 就季节动态而言, 鸟类多样性指数从秋季迁徙期、冬季越冬期、春季迁徙期到夏季繁殖期依次降低; 而均匀度指数则从秋季迁徙期、春季迁徙期、冬季越冬期到夏季繁殖期依次降低. 通过研究, 明确了上海市野生动物小型栖息地建设成效, 并对野生动物小型栖息地建设和管理提出建议.

关键词: 野生动物栖息地, 小型, 建设成效, 吴淞江鸟类栖息地

Abstract:

This study used the renovated Wusong River bird habitat in Shanghai to explore the effectiveness of constructing small-scale habitats for wild animals in Shanghai. The diversity and seasonal dynamics of birds in the Wusong River habitat for birds were analyzed using line transect method and direct counting methods. Fifty-four bird species in 10 orders and 29 families were recorded, including 11 species of waterfowl, 38 species of finches, and one species of bird protected at national level Ⅱ. Among the various residence types of birds, 28(51.9%), 15(27.8%), 6(11.1%), and 5(9.3%) species of resident, wintering, summering, and traveling birds, respectively, were recorded. Among the various bird lineages, 23(42.6%) and 17(31.5%) were found at the Palearctic and Oriental boundaries, respectively, while 14(25.9%) species were widespread. The dominant species were the Chinese blackbird, light-vented bulbul, spotted dove, [tree] sparrow, Japanese white-eye, silky starling, yellow-throated bunting, and long-tailed shrike. There was a low population of both summer residents and travelers in the habitat. The bird diversity index was highest in autumn (migration period), followed by winter (overwintering period), spring (migration period), and summer (breeding period), whereas the evenness index was highest in autumn (migration period), followed by spring (migration period), winter (overwintering period), and summer (breeding period). The results confirmed the effectiveness of constructing small-scale habitats for wild animals in Shanghai, and recommendations for the construction and management of such habitats are proposed.

Key words: wildlife habitats, small-scale, construction effectiveness, bird habitat in Wusong River

中图分类号: