养分管理对油麦菜氮磷养分利用率及硝酸盐累积的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在云南滇池流域，采用田间小区试验的方法，研究了不同氮磷养分用量对油麦菜（Lactuca sativa var. ramosa）产量、硝酸盐含量及氮磷养分利用率的影响,以T1~T9分别表示9种处理方法.试验结果表明：① 油麦菜产量以T3(N₉₀P₁₂₆K₁₈₀)处理时相对较高，达到28 968.75 kg/ha；硝酸盐含量除T4(N₁₈₀P₁₂₆K₁₈₀)、T5(N₂₇₀P₁₂₆K₁₈₀)和T8(N₁₈₀P₁₈₉K₁₈₀)外，其余处理污染等级均为四级；综合氮、磷养分利用率两项指标分析，T4(N₂₇₀P₁₂₆K₁₈₀)与T9(N₉₀P₆₃K₁₈₀)处理下油麦菜的养分利用率较高，分别为17.42%，2.10%与20.14%，2.05%.② 同一钾肥施用量下，适量氮磷肥配施的处理，相应的油麦菜产量、硝酸盐含量及氮、磷养分利用率，在一定程度上优于偏施氮磷肥或过量施肥的处理.因此，控制氮磷肥施用量，合理优化氮磷配比，能提高养分利用率和蔬菜品质，是源头控制农业面源污染的重要途径.

关键词: 养分管理, 油麦菜, 硝酸盐含量, 氮磷养分利用率

Abstract: By method of the field plot trial, the experiment was carried out in Dianchi Lake basin to study the influence of different nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizing on lettuce （Lactuca sativa var. ramosa） production, nitrate content and nutrient utilization of N, P. 9 treatments were denoted by T1-T9, respectively. The results showed that: ① The lettuce production of T3(N₉₀P₁₂₆K₁₈₀) was higher than other treatments, reaching 28 968.75 kg/ha; except for treatment of T4(N₁₈₀P₁₂₆K₁₈₀)、T5(N₂₇₀P₁₂₆K₁₈₀) and T8(N₁₈₀P₁₈₉K₁₈₀), the contamination levels of nitrate content of the others came out to be Lv.4; after comprehensive consideration on nutrient utilization of N, P, the nutrient utilization of Lettuce showed to be higher after treatments of T4(N₁₈₀P₁₂₆K₁₈₀) and T9(N₉₀P₆₃K₁₈₀) with 17.42%,2.10% and 20.14%,2.05% respectively. ② Under the same amount of potash fertilizer and the treatment of appropriate nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers match fertilizing, the corresponding lettuce production, nitrate content and N, P fertilizer nutrient utilization were superior to treatments of partial fertilization or high fertilization. Therefore, control of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizing, reasonable optimization of ratios of nitrogen and phosphorus will improve the nutrient utilization and vegetables quality, which is of great importance for source controlling the agricultural non-point pollution.

Key words: nutrient management, lettuce, nitrate content, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer nutrient utilization

中图分类号:

Q948

年耀萍，夏体渊，何明珠，章君果，达良俊. 养分管理对油麦菜氮磷养分利用率及硝酸盐累积的影响[J]. 华东师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2011, 2011(6): 47-56.

NIAN Yao-ping, XIA Ti-yuan, HE Ming-zhu,ZHANG Jun-guo, DA Liang-jun. Effects of nutrient management on nutrient utilization of N,P and nitrate accumulation in lettuce[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc, 2011, 2011(6): 47-56.

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