华东师范大学学报(自然科学版)

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再论河湖连通关系

赵军凯[1] , 李立现[1] , 张爱社[1] , 李九发[2]   

  1. 1. 九江学院 旅游与国土资源学院 鄱阳湖生态经济研究中心，江西 九江332005; 2. 华东师范大学 河口海岸学国家重点实验室，上海200062
  • 收稿日期:2015-07-17 出版日期:2016-07-25 发布日期:2016-09-29
  • 通讯作者: 李九发，男，教授，博导.Email：jfli@re.ecnu.edu.cn.
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金（41361003）；江西省教育厅科技项目（GJJ14733）；九江学院科技项目（2014KJYB031）

Discussions of the River-Lake Interconnected Relationship Connotation

ZHAO Jun-kai[1], LI Li-xian[1], ZHANG Ai-she[1], LI Jiu-fa[2]   

  1. 1. College of Tourism and Territorial Resources, Poyang Lake Eco Economic Research Center, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang Jiangxi 332005, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
  • Received:2015-07-17 Online:2016-07-25 Published:2016-09-29

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摘要：

基于厘清河湖连通关系内涵相关认识的基础上，讨论了河湖连通关系的不同类型、“量质交换”、诸动态“流”、演变规律和生态功能.认为：在河湖连通系统中，河湖之间有着“量质交换”，它是河湖之间最基本的物质和能量交换关系；河湖之间存在物质流（水、溶解物质、泥沙、生物，污染物等）、能量流（水位、流量、流速等）、信息流（随水流、生物和人类活动而产生的信息流动等）和价值流（航运、发电、饮用和灌溉等）；诸种“流”在自然和人类活动的影响下，以河湖水系连通为纽带，进行河湖之间的“量质交换”，实现河湖相互作用；河湖之间的水沙等“量质交换”是河湖连通关系演变的途径和动力之一；河湖连通关系演化最终趋于相对稳定状态，即动态平衡.在河湖系统中，任何一个要素发生变化，其余各要素就会发生连锁反应，形成反馈，从而影响整个系统功能的发挥，最终会影响流域内防洪、生态、资源利用和环境保护.正确认识河网水系的连通关系，对河湖水系连通工程的建设和地方政府水资源部门的决策具有一定的参考价值.

关键词: 河湖连通关系, 河湖系统, 分类体系, 量质交换, 生态功能

Abstract:

Interconnected river system network is proposed as a new national water control strategy in the new era, thus study on the connotation and theory of interconnected river system network has become the focus of scientific research. The classification system of riverlake interconnected relationship, various kinds of dynamic “flows” and “the material and energy interchange” and the interactions between rivers and lake were discussed in this paper. And the evolution ways, patterns, the ecological functions of the riverlake interconnected system were also discussed in this paper, etc. Based on these things, the authors had defined clearly the connotation of the riverlake interconnected relationship in this paper. In riverlake interconnected system, the authors considered that there is “the material and energy interchange”, which is the first and foremost material and energy exchange relationship between rivers and lakes. The authors also point out that there are multiple flows between rivers and lakes, viz. material flows (water, dissolved substance, sediment, organisms, contaminants, etc.), energy flows (water level, discharge, velocity, etc.), information flows (information generated with the water flows, organisms and human activities, etc.) and value flows (shipping, power generation, drinking and irrigation, etc.). Under the disturbance of natural and human activities conditions, these flows are based on the connection of rivers and lakes, proceeding “the material and energy interchange” (watersediment exchange, etc.) between rivers and lakes, implementing the riverlake interactions. It is the watersediment exchange of “the material and quantity interchange” between rivers and lakes that is one of the approach and the direct driving forces for evolution of the riverlake interconnected relationship. The river lake interconnected relationship’s evolution tends to relative steady state in the end, which is an ideal dynamic balance. If any changing of whichever elements in river lake interconnected system happened, the others must occur the chain reaction, forming feedback, which affects on the function playing of the whole system, eventually will affect on preventing a flood and fighting a drought, ecological balance, resource utilization and environmental protection in a watershed. We should correctly recognize the river lake interconnected relationship of river network, which has some reference values for the construction of riverlake interconnection project and the water resources department of local government’s decision.

Key words: river lake interconnected relationship, river lake system, classification system, material and energy exchange between rivers and lakes, ecological functions