长江口九段沙盐沼湿地生态系统通量贡献区分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2021.02.005

华东师范大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2021, Vol. 2021 ›› Issue (2): 42-53.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2021.02.005

长江口九段沙盐沼湿地生态系统通量贡献区分析

陈梓涵¹, 黄颖^1,^2,*(), 唐剑武^1,^2,³, 田波^1,², 沈芳¹, 吴鹏飞⁴, 袁庆¹, 周成¹, 王江涛^2,³

1. 华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室, 上海　200241
2. 长江三角洲河口湿地生态系统教育部/上海市野外科学观测研究站, 上海　200241
3. 崇明生态研究院, 上海　202162
4. 上海市九段沙湿地自然保护区管理署, 上海　200136

收稿日期:2019-10-25 出版日期:2021-03-25 发布日期:2021-04-01
通讯作者: 黄颖 E-mail:yhuang@sklec.ecnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(41801253); 中国博士后科学基金(2016M601540); 国家重点研发计划(2016YFE0133700)

Flux footprint analysis of a salt marsh ecosystem in the Jiuduansha Shoals of the Changjiang Estuary

Zihan CHEN¹, Ying HUANG^1,^2,*(), Jianwu TANG^1,^2,³, Bo TIAN^1,², Fang SHEN¹, Pengfei WU⁴, Qing YUAN¹, Cheng ZHOU¹, Jiangtao WANG^2,³

1. State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai　200241, China
2. Yangtze Delta Estuarine Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education & Shanghai Science and Technology Committee, Shanghai　200241, China
3. Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai　202162, China
4. Shanghai Jiuduansha Wetland Nature Reserve Administration, Shanghai　200136, China

Received:2019-10-25 Online:2021-03-25 Published:2021-04-01
Contact: Ying HUANG E-mail:yhuang@sklec.ecnu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通量贡献区分析是基于涡度协方差法进行生态系统碳、水、热通量交换研究的必要环节. 根据研究区涡度通量塔上连续观测的2018年全年通量数据, 基于FSAM (Flux Source Area Model)对长江口九段沙盐沼湿地芦苇生态系统在不同季节、风向及大气层结状态下的通量贡献区进行分析. 结果表明: ①不同季节通量贡献区各不相同, 在大气稳定状态下, 通量贡献区的大小关系为秋季>夏季>春季>冬季; 在大气不稳定状态下, 通量贡献区季节变化不明显; 通量贡献区范围有明显的昼夜变化特征, 夜间通量贡献区最远点距离大于白天. ②非主风向上迎风向通量贡献区的范围大于主风向上迎风向通量贡献区的范围. ③各风向上, 大气稳定状态下通量贡献区及其峰值所在位置距观测点的距离均大于大气不稳定状态下其对应的距离.

关键词: 九段沙, 涡度协方差技术, FSAM, 通量贡献区分析

Abstract:

Flux footprint analysis is an important step in studying the carbon, water vapor, and heat flux exchange of land-atmosphere interactions based on the eddy covariance (EC) method. In this research, we used the flux source area model (FSAM) to investigate seasonal flux footprints with different wind directions and atmospheric conditions on the basis of half-hourly EC measurements throughout 2018. The results showed that: ① The flux footprint area changes with the seasons. The largest flux footprint area, ordered highest to lowest, was found in autumn, summer, spring, and winter under stable stratification; meanwhile, under unstable stratification, the flux footprint area did not change significantly between seasons. The daily variation in the footprint, moreover, was obvious and the footprint was found to be larger comparatively at nighttime than that observed during the daytime. ② The flux source area under non-prevailing wind conditions was larger than that under the prevailing wind condition. ③ The flux source area was much larger under stable stratification. The distance between the location of the maximum value of the flux footprint and the station was also found to be much larger under stable stratification.

Key words: Jiuduansha Shoals, eddy covariance technique, FSAM, footprint analysis

中图分类号:

P933

陈梓涵, 黄颖, 唐剑武, 田波, 沈芳, 吴鹏飞, 袁庆, 周成, 王江涛. 长江口九段沙盐沼湿地生态系统通量贡献区分析[J]. 华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 2021(2): 42-53.

Zihan CHEN, Ying HUANG, Jianwu TANG, Bo TIAN, Fang SHEN, Pengfei WU, Qing YUAN, Cheng ZHOU, Jiangtao WANG. Flux footprint analysis of a salt marsh ecosystem in the Jiuduansha Shoals of the Changjiang Estuary[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science), 2021, 2021(2): 42-53.

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	风向/(°)	春季			夏季			秋季			冬季
	风向/(°)	3月	4月	5月	6月	7月	8月	9月	10月	11月	12月	1月	2月
最大风速/(m·s^–1)	22.5 ~ 112.5	9.21	7.99	7.99	6.60	13.55	12.19	7.50	10.10	8.72	9.28	8.52	7.43
	112.5 ~ 202.5	7.72	8.74	7.68	6.88	8.45	12.64	5.67	5.12	4.89	5.33	5.07	8.37
	202.5 ~ 292.5	5.86	7.53	7.51	6.70	9.50	8.15	4.26	3.54	4.62	4.29	3.72	7.11
	292.5 ~ 22.5	9.01	10.39	7.50	5.99	9.63	7.27	6.22	11.17	8.63	8.06	8.76	11.02
最小风速/(m·s^–1)	22.5 ~ 112.5	0.39	0.43	0.38	0.29	0.19	0.37	0.24	0.10	0.20	0.20	0.30	0.69
	112.5 ~ 202.5	0.56	0.41	0.19	0.19	0.071	0.38	0.05	0.27	0.25	0.35	0.28	0.94
	202.5 ~ 292.5	0.92	0.77	0.34	0.44	0.17	0.56	0.28	0.12	0.065	0.33	0.24	0.95
	292.5 ~ 22.5	0.50	0.43	0.08	0.40	0.29	0.19	0.15	0.31	0.29	0.39	0.16	0.27
平均风速/(m·s^–1)	22.5 ~ 112.5	5.45	4.21	3.58	3.31	4.07	4.40	3.47	3.38	3.10	4.46	4.21	3.95
	112.5 ~ 202.5	4.31	4.20	3.59	3.17	4.42	4.77	2.26	2.29	2.29	2.26	2.55	4.12
	202.5 ~ 292.5	3.52	3.69	3.31	2.94	3.93	4.38	2.14	2.07	2.40	2.27	1.86	3.21
	292.5 ~ 22.5	4.94	5.93	3.73	2.93	1.99	4.08	2.71	4.44	3.74	4.62	4.59	4.34
风向频数/%	22.5 ~ 112.5	24.40	18.89	20.95	16.60	12.44	28.02	48.13	62.03	51.23	51.24	56.74	45.61
	112.5 ~ 202.5	50.34	50.28	50.54	59.79	68.93	56.12	22.50	14.65	24.74	16.41	18.75	21.13
	202.5 ~ 292.5	11.02	15.56	18.79	19.38	16.07	11.09	15.63	3.97	6.32	6.73	2.78	12.35
	292.5 ~ 22.5	14.24	15.27	9.72	4.23	2.56	4.77	13.74	19.35	17.71	25.62	21.73	20.91

	Z_m/Z₀	Z_m/L	$ {\sigma }_{y} $ /u*
白天	25.63	– 0.127	2.3532
夜晚	25.63	0.321	2.1667

生态系统	下垫面植被类型	观测高度/m	P水平	最远点距离/m	最大值点距离/m	参考文献
森林生态系统	美洲黑杨	25	0.9	3613.0	317.00	[18]
森林生态系统	橡胶树	25	0.8	1858.0	413.00	[31]
农田生态系统	冬小麦	3.5	0.9	222.0	67.80	[29]
荒漠生态系统	梭梭	11	0.9	670.8	151.06	[32]
湿地生态系统	芦苇	6	0.9	378.2	96.84	[2]
湿地生态系统	芦苇、海三棱藨草	4.8	0.9	438.8	105.20	[28]
湿地生态系统	芦苇	10	0.9	836.0	35.50	本文

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长江口九段沙盐沼湿地生态系统通量贡献区分析

Flux footprint analysis of a salt marsh ecosystem in the Jiuduansha Shoals of the Changjiang Estuary

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