一种用于FMCW雷达系统全维度数据的压缩方法及其硬件实现

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2026.02.015

华东师范大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 2026 ›› Issue (2): 164-175.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2026.02.015

• FMCW雷达与信号处理 • 上一篇

一种用于FMCW雷达系统全维度数据的压缩方法及其硬件实现

尹志新, 刘颖, 邢贝贝, 黄磊磊*(), 张润曦

华东师范大学微电子电路与系统研究所, 上海　200241

收稿日期:2025-09-24 接受日期:2026-01-06 出版日期:2026-03-25 发布日期:2026-04-03
通讯作者: 黄磊磊 E-mail:llhuang@cee.ecnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
上海东方英才青年项目 (15904-412214-24013)

Data-compression method for full-dimension data in FMCW radar systems and its hardware implementation

Zhixin YIN, Ying LIU, Beibei XING, Leilei HUANG*(), Runxi ZHANG

Institute of Microelectronic Circuits and Systems, East China Normal University, Shanghai　200241, China

Received:2025-09-24 Accepted:2026-01-06 Online:2026-03-25 Published:2026-04-03
Contact: Leilei HUANG E-mail:llhuang@cee.ecnu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

提出了一种应用于调频连续波 (FMCW) 雷达处理系统的全维度数据压缩方法及其硬件实现方案. 随着FMCW雷达在测量精度与分辨能力方面的需求不断提升, 系统所产生的数据量急剧增长, 对数据传输带宽与存储资源造成了显著压力. 为应对这一挑战, 本文设计了一种基于k阶指数哥伦布编码 (EGE) 的雷达数据压缩算法. 该算法首先利用指数哥伦布编码对原始数据进行预压缩, 以降低数据的统计冗余; 随后采用自适应有效位截断策略, 对预压缩后的数据进一步处理, 实现位宽对齐与压缩优化. 该方法适用于FMCW雷达系统中的全维度数据格式, 具备良好的适应性与较高的压缩效率, 能够满足实时数据处理的要求, 并且结构简单、易于硬件实现. 实验结果表明, 所提出的压缩算法可实现存储消耗降低50%以上, 在基本保持数据质量的前提下, 显著提升了系统的数据处理效率与传输能力, 具有良好的工程应用前景.

关键词: 调频连续波(FMCW)雷达, 指数哥伦布编码, 数据压缩, 硬件实现

Abstract:

This study proposes a full-dimension data-compression method and its corresponding hardware-implementation scheme for frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar processing systems. In accommodating the continuously increasing demand for higher measurement accuracies and resolutions in FMCW radar, the processing system generates a rapidly increasing data volume, thus placing a significant burden on the data-transmission bandwidth and storage resources. Hence, a compression algorithm based on k-th-order exponential Golomb encoding (EGE) is introduced. The algorithm first performs data pre-compression using exponential Golomb encoding to reduce statistical redundancy and then optimizes the compressed output through adaptive significant-bit truncation, thus achieving efficient bit-width alignment. Suitable for full-dimension data formats in FMCW radar systems, the method demonstrates strong adaptability, high compression efficiency, and the ability to support real-time data processing with a hardware-friendly architecture. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm reduces storage consumption by more than 50% while preserving data quality, thus significantly enhancing both processing efficiency and data-transmission capacity while demonstrating significant potential for practical engineering applications.

Key words: frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar, exponential Golomb encoding (EGE), data compression, hardware implementation

中图分类号:

TN432

尹志新, 刘颖, 邢贝贝, 黄磊磊, 张润曦. 一种用于FMCW雷达系统全维度数据的压缩方法及其硬件实现[J]. 华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2026, 2026(2): 164-175.

Zhixin YIN, Ying LIU, Beibei XING, Leilei HUANG, Runxi ZHANG. Data-compression method for full-dimension data in FMCW radar systems and its hardware implementation[J]. J* E* C* N* U* N* S*, 2026, 2026(2): 164-175.

图/表 15

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

图12

表1

表2

表3

参考文献 14

1	LI X, LIU G Z. Design and implementation of 77G radar system [C]// 2022 IEEE 5th International Conference on Electronic Information and Communication Technology (ICEICT). IEEE, 2022: 312-317.
2	ARNOLD O, KURZ V, BIEBL E. Improving elevation angle resolution with a 77 GHz FMCW bistatic radar [C]// 2024 IEEE International Conference on Microwaves, Communications, Antennas, Biomedical Engineering and Electronic Systems (COMCAS). IEEE, 2024: 1-5.
3	胡泽龙, 杨峰, 乔旭.. 基于EZW的雷达数据压缩算法. 计算机时代, 2023 (2): 28- 32.
4	魏淑婷. 双精度浮点雷达原始回波数据压缩算法研究 [D]. 武汉: 华中科技大学, 2021.
5	SUBBURAJ K, NARAYANAN N, MANI A, et al. Single-chip 77GHz FMCW automotive radar with integrated front-end and digital processing [C]// 2022 23rd International Radar Symposium (IRS). IEEE, 2022: 141-146.
6	ZIVKOVIC Z, LI L. On-the-fly range-velocity radar data compression exploring Doppler spectrum redundancy [C]// 2015 16th International Radar Symposium (IRS). IEEE, 2015: 141-146.
7	ZHANG Z L, LIU K, YIN Z X, et al. A robust data compression engine dedicated for FMCW radar RDM [C]// 2025 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS). IEEE, 2025: 1-5.
8	李朋, 刘小军, 方广有.. 基于帧间差分的次表层探测雷达数据压缩. 雷达科学与技术, 2018, 16 (5): 471- 476.
9	HAMILTON A, EL-HAJJAR M, MAUNDER R G.. Reordered exponential golomb error correction code for universal near-capacity joint source-channel coding. IEEE Access, 2023, 11, 93619- 93634.
10	KONDIĆ A Z, MILOVANOVIĆ V M. A hardware design generator of streaming data compressors based on exponential-golomb coding [C]// 2024 11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronic and Computing Engineering (IcETRAN). IEEE, 2024: 1-6.
11	GAO X Y, LUO Y C, XING G B, et al. Raw ADC data of 77GHz mmwave radar for automotive object detection [EB/OL]. (2022-12-14)[2025-09-24]. https://doi.org/10.21227/xm40-jx59.
12	彭家辉, 马文豪.. 一种三维建模的车载雷达数据压缩评估方法. 工业控制计算机, 2025, 38 (2): 15- 18.
13	LUO J H, CHEN Z J, XIANG X Y, et al. A highly adaptive lossless ECG compression ASIC for wireless sensors based on hybrid gomlomb coding [J]. IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems, 2018, E101-D(3): 791-794.
14	CHEN S L, WANG J G.. VLSI implementation of low-power cost-efficient lossless ECG encoder design for wireless healthcare monitoring application. Electronics Letters, 2013, 49 (2): 91- 93.

面积		功耗
面积类型	面积/μm²	功耗类型	功耗值/mW
组合逻辑面积	22.669	内部功耗	1.69
Buf 面积	2.587	开关功耗	5.02×10^–3
时序逻辑面积	7.608	泄漏功耗	1.35×10^–3
总面积	31.277	总功耗	1.71

算法类型	数据压缩维度			数据典型压缩率/%			算法是否实时	是否硬件实现
算法类型	ADC	1D-FFT	2D-FFT	ADC	1D-FFT	2D-FFT	算法是否实时	是否硬件实现
本文	√	√	√	45	30	30	√	√
文献[3]	√	×	×	43	–	–	×	×
文献[4]	√	×	×	44	–	–	×	×
文献[5]	×	√	×	–	25		√	√
文献[6]	×	√	√	–	16.7	16.7	√	×
文献[7]	×	×	√	–	–	14	√	√
文献[8]	√	×	×	25	–	–	×	×

硬件实现方式	工艺节点	时钟频率	面积/μm²	功耗/mW
本文	55 nm CMOS	200 MHz	31.277	1.71
文献[5]	45 nm CMOS	300 MHz	–	全芯片2250
文献[7]	55 nm CMOS	500 MHz	18.090	1.14
文献[13]	40 nm CMOS	14.4 kHz	1.806	0.376
文献[14]	0.18 μm CMOS	100 MHz	45.987	3.64

一种用于FMCW雷达系统全维度数据的压缩方法及其硬件实现

Data-compression method for full-dimension data in FMCW radar systems and its hardware implementation

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 15

参考文献 14

相关文章 1

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价