Review Articles

Robust optimal reinsurance-investment strategy with extrapolative bias premiums and ambiguity aversion

Ailing Gu ,

School of Mathematics and Statistics, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China

Xuanzhen Zhang ,

School of Mathematics and Statistics, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China

Shumin Chen ,

chool ofManagement, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China

chenshumin@gdut.edu.cn

Ling Zhang

School of National Finance, GuangdongUniversity of Finance, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China

Pages | Received 02 Sep. 2023, Accepted 31 Jul. 2024, Published online: 30 Aug. 2024,
  • Abstract
  • Full Article
  • References
  • Citations

This paper investigates the optimal reinsurance-investment strategy for an insurer whose premium is subject to extrapolative bias. In other words, the insurance premium is dynamically updated by a weighted average of prior claims and the initial estimation of claims. The insurer's surplus follows a diffusion approximation process. He purchases proportional reinsurance or acquires new business to manage insurance risk, and invests his surplus in the financial market, containing a risk-free asset and a risky asset (stock). The price of the risky asset is described by a constant elasticity of variance (CEV) model. The insurer is uncertain about the models of claims and risky asset. In order to derive robust optimal reinsurance-investment strategies, we establish an optimal control problem by maximizing the insurer's expected exponential utility of terminal wealth and solve the optimization problem explicitly. Finally, we present several numerical examples to illustrate our theoretical results.

Your browser may not support PDF viewing. Please click to download the file.

References

  • Azcue, P., & Muler, N. (2005). Optimal reinsurance and dividend distribution policies in the Cramér–Lundberg model. Mathematical Finance, 15(open in a new window)(2(open in a new window)), 261–308. https://doi.org/10.1111/mafi.2005.15.issue-2 
  • Barberis, N., Greenwood, R., Jin, L., & Shleifer, A. (2015). X-capm: An extrapolative capital asset pricing model. Journal of Financial Economics, 115(open in a new window)(1(open in a new window)), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2014.08.007 
  • Bensoussan, A., Siu, C. C., Yam, S., Phillip, C., & Yang, H. (2014). A class of non-zero-sum stochastic differential investment and reinsurance games. Automatica, 50(open in a new window)(8(open in a new window)), 2025–2037. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.automatica.2014.05.033 
  • Black, F., & Scholes, M. S. (1973). The pricing of options and corporate liabilities. Journal of Political Economy, 81(open in a new window)(3(open in a new window)), 637–654. https://doi.org/10.1086/260062 
  • Borch, K. (1960). The safety loading of reinsurance premiums. Scandinavian Actuarial Journal, 1960(open in a new window)(3-4(open in a new window)), 163–184. https://doi.org/10.1080/03461238.1960.10410587 
  • Browne, S. (1995). Optimal investment policies for a firm with a random risk process: Exponential utility and minimizing the probability of ruin. Mathematics of Operations Research, 20(open in a new window)(4(open in a new window)), 937–958. https://doi.org/10.1287/moor.20.4.937 
  • Chen, Z., & Epstein, L. (2002). Ambiguity, risk, and asset returns in continuous time. Econometrica, 70(open in a new window)(4(open in a new window)), 1403–1443. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecta.2002.70.issue-4 
  • Chen, S., Hu, D., & Wang, H. (2017). Optimal reinsurance problems with extrapolative claim expectation. Optimal Control Applications and Methods, 39(1), 79–94. 
  • Chen, Z., & Yang, P. (2020). Robust optimal reinsurance-investment strategy with price jumps and correlated claims. Insurance Mathematics and Economics, 92(open in a new window)(5(open in a new window)), 27–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.insmatheco.2020.03.001 
  • Cox, J., & Ross, S. (1976). The valuation of options for alternative stochastic processes. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(open in a new window)(1-2(open in a new window)), 145–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(76)90023-4 
  • Davydov, D., & Linetsky, V. (2001). The valuation and hedging of barrier and lookback options under the CEV process. Management Science, 47(open in a new window), 949–965. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.47.7.949.9804 
  • Deng, C., Zeng, X., & Zhu, H. (2018). Non-zero-sum stochastic differential reinsurance and investment games with default risk. European Journal of Operational Research, 264(open in a new window)(3(open in a new window)), 1144–1158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2017.06.065 
  • Fleming, W., & Soner, M. (2006). Controlled Markov processes and viscosity solutions. Springer-Verlag. 
  • Flor, C., & Larsen, L. (2014). Robust portfolio choice with stochastic interest rates. Annals of Finance, 10(open in a new window), 243–265. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10436-013-0234-5 
  • Gal, S., & Landsberger, M. (1988). On ‘small sample’ properties of experience rating insurance contracts. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 103(open in a new window)(1(open in a new window)), 233–243. https://doi.org/10.2307/1882652 
  • Gao, J. (2009a). Optimal portfolios for dc pension plans under a CEV model. Insurance Mathematics and Economics, 44(open in a new window)(3(open in a new window)), 479–490. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.insmatheco.2009.01.005 
  • Gao, J. (2009a). Optimal portfolios for DC pension plans under a CEV model. Insurance Mathematics and Economics, 44(open in a new window)(3(open in a new window)), 479–490. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.insmatheco.2009.01.005 
  • Grandell, J. (1991). Aspects of risk theory. World Publishing Co. 
  • Gu, A., Guo, X., Li, Z., & Zeng, Y. (2012). Optimal control of excess-of-loss reinsurance and investment for insurers under a CEV model. Insurance Mathematics and Economics, 51(open in a new window)(3(open in a new window)), 674–684. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.insmatheco.2012.09.003 
  • Gu, M., Yang, Y., Li, S., & Zhang, J. (2010). Constant elasticity of variance model for proportional reinsurance and investment strategies. Insurance Mathematics and Economics, 46(open in a new window)(3(open in a new window)), 580–587. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.insmatheco.2010.03.001 
  • Guelman, L., & Guillén, M. (2014). A causal inference approach to measure price elasticity in automobile insurance. Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal, 41(open in a new window)(2(open in a new window)), 387–396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2013.07.059 
  • Hu, D., Chen, S., & Wang, H. (2018). Robust reinsurance contracts with uncertainty about jump risk. European Journal of Operational Research, 266(open in a new window)(3(open in a new window)), 1175–1188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2017.10.061 
  • Hu, D., & Wang, H. (2019). Optimal proportional reinsurance with a loss-dependent premium principle. Scandinavian Actuarial Journal, 2019(9), 752–767. 
  • Kraft, H., Munk, C., F. T. Seifried, & Wagner, S. (2016). Consumption habits and humps. Economic Theory, 64(open in a new window), 305–330. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00199-016-0984-1 
  • Li, D., Rong, X., & Zhao, H. (2014). Optimal reinsurance-investment problem for maximizing the product of the insurer's and the reinsurer's utilities under a CEV model. Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, 255(open in a new window), 671–683. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cam.2013.06.033 
  • Li, D., Rong, X., & Zhao, H. (2016). Equilibrium excess-of-loss reinsurance-investment strategy for a mean-variance insurer under stochastic volatility model. Communications in Statistics – Theory and Methods, 46(open in a new window)(19(open in a new window)), 9459–9475. https://doi.org/10.1080/03610926.2016.1212071 
  • Liang, Z., Yuen, K., & Cheung, K. (2012). Optimal reinsurance-investment problem in a constant elasticity of variance stock market for jump-diffusion risk model. Applied Stochastic Models in Business and Industry, 28(open in a new window), 585–597. https://doi.org/10.1002/asmb.v28.6 
  • Maenhout, P. (2004). Robust portfolio rules and asset pricing. Review of Financial Studies, 17(open in a new window)(4(open in a new window)), 951–983. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhh003 
  • Øksendal, B. (2013). Stochastic differential equations: An introduction with applications. Springer. 
  • Øksendal, B., & Sulem, A. (2019). Applied stochastic control of jump diffusions. Springer. 
  • Schmidli, H. (2001). Optimal proportional reinsurance policies in a dynamic setting. Scandinavian Actuarial Journal, 2001(open in a new window)(1(open in a new window)), 55–68. https://doi.org/10.1080/034612301750077338 
  • Schmidli, H. (2008). Stochastic control in continuous time. Springer. 
  • Shen, Y., & Zeng, Y. (2014). Optimal investment-reinsurance with delay for mean-variance insurers: A maximum principle approach. Insurance Mathematics and Economics, 57(open in a new window)(7(open in a new window)), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.insmatheco.2014.04.004 
  • Xiao, J., Hong, Z., & Qin, C. (2007). The constant elasticity of variance (CEV) model and the Legendre transform-dual solution for annuity contracts. Insurance Mathematics and Economics, 40(open in a new window)(2(open in a new window)), 302–310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.insmatheco.2006.04.007 
  • Yi, B., Li, Z., Viens, F., & Zeng, Y. (2013). Robust optimal control for an insurer with reinsurance and investment under Heston's stochastic volatility model. Insurance Mathematics and Economics, 53(open in a new window)(3(open in a new window)), 601–614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.insmatheco.2013.08.011 
  • Zeng, Y., Li, D., & Gu, A. (2016). Robust equilibrium reinsurance-investment strategy for a mean-variance insurer in a model with jumps. Insurance Mathematics and Economics, 66(open in a new window)(1(open in a new window)), 138–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.insmatheco.2015.10.012 
  • Zhao, H., Rong, X., & Zhao, Y. (2013). Optimal excess-of-loss reinsurance and investment problem for an insurer with jump-diffusion risk process under the Heston model. Insurance Mathematics and Economics, 53(open in a new window)(3(open in a new window)), 504–514. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.insmatheco.2013.08.004 

To cite this article: Ailing Gu, Xuanzhen Zhang, Shumin Chen & Ling Zhang (2024) Robust optimal reinsurance-investment strategy with extrapolative bias premiums and ambiguity aversion, Statistical Theory and Related Fields, 8:4, 274-294, DOI: 10.1080/24754269.2024.2393062

To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/24754269.2024.2393062