华东师范大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2020, Vol. 2020 ›› Issue (6): 154-163.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.201931011

• 生态与环境科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

特大城市地表水环境溶解氧时空分布特征探究

王话翔1,2, 初晓冶1,2, 陈莹1,2, 徐露1,2, 杨凯1,2   

  1. 1. 华东师范大学 生态与环境科学学院, 上海 200241;
    2. 华东师范大学 上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室, 上海 200241
  • 收稿日期:2019-08-20 发布日期:2020-12-01
  • 通讯作者: 杨 凯, 男, 教授, 博士生导师, 研究方向为环境科学. E-mail: kyang@re.ecnu.edu.cn E-mail:kyang@re.ecnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    上海市环保科研项目(沪环科〔2018〕第20号); 国家科技重大专项(2017ZX07207003-01)

A study on temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of dissolved oxygen in surface water of megacities

WANG Huaxiang1,2, CHU Xiaoye1,2, CHEN Ying1,2, XU Lu1,2, YANG Kai1,2   

  1. 1. School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;
    2. Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
  • Received:2019-08-20 Published:2020-12-01

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摘要： 通过溶解氧(Dissolved oxygen, DO)分布区域划分方法对2016年上海市259个河道监测点位溶解氧进行时空分析得出: ① DO均值为冬季 > 春季 > 秋季 > 夏季, 非汛期 > 汛期; ② DO呈明显的空间分布差异,低DO区 (DO < 2 mg/L)主要分布在城市化程度高的中心城区及附近城郊区域, 随季节、汛期发生变化, 受地表径流与泵站放江影响明显, 高DO区(DO > 6 mg/L)集中在水生态环境要求较高的区域, 变化幅度较小, 部分时段出现于郊区, 全年DO含量分布多处于4 ~ 6 mg/L, 受工业、农业等影响发生变化; ③ 水质因子相关性分析中DO与水温(–0.434)、pH值(0.332)、高锰酸盐指数(–0.219)、化学需氧量(–0.234)、五日生化需氧量(–0.197)、氨氮(–0.299)、总磷(–0.370)、总氮(–0.191)、挥发酚(–0.159)、石油类(–0.207)呈显著相关, 逐步回归分析DO受水温、pH、氨氮、总磷和石油类影响显著, 不同季节受制因子有所不同.

关键词: 溶解氧, 时空分布, 低氧区, 上海市

Abstract: The dissolved oxygen (DO) zoning method was used to analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics of 259 river monitoring sites in Shanghai in 2016. The results showed that: ① Time periods with the highest mean DO can be ranked according to the following sequence: winter > spring > autumn > summer, non-flood period > flood period. ② DO had significant spatial stratification. Low-oxygen areas (DO < 2 mg/L) were mainly distributed in highly urbanized geographies, such as the city center and nearby suburban areas, changing with both season and flood period and seemingly affected by surface runoff and the discharge of pumping stations. High-oxygen areas (DO > 6 mg/L) were distributed in areas with high water ecological environmental requirements and occasionally appeared in the suburbs. Most of the annual changes in DO belonged to the median areas (DO: 4 ~ 6 mg/L), and were affected by both industry and agriculture. ③ Correlation anlysis of water quality factors indicated that DO was significantly correlated with water temperature (–0.434), pH(0.332), CODMn(–0.219), CODCr(–0.234), BOD5(–0.197), NH3-N(–0.299), TP(–0.370), TN(–0.191), Vol-P(–0.159), petroleum(–0.207). Stepwise regression analysis showed that DO was significantly affected by T, pH, NH3-N, TP and petroleum; the analysis showed, furthermore, that DO restricted factors varied in different seasons.

Key words: dissolved oxygen, temporal and spatial distribution, low-oxygen area, Shanghai

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