长江口有机磷酸酯环境多介质传输分配行为

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2024.06.009

华东师范大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2024, Vol. 2024 ›› Issue (6): 99-113.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2024.06.009

长江口有机磷酸酯环境多介质传输分配行为

李保¹(), 金芮合²(), 张雨欣², 阮蔓菁², 邬言²^,*(), 杨静², 刘敏²^,*()

1. 长江水利委员会水文局长江口水文水资源勘测局, 上海　200136
2. 华东师范大学地理科学学院地理信息科学教育部重点实验室, 上海　200241

收稿日期:2024-09-27 接受日期:2024-09-29 出版日期:2024-11-25 发布日期:2024-11-29
通讯作者: 邬言,刘敏 E-mail:libao201@163.com;jrh2016416971@163.com;ywu@geo.ecnu.edu.cn;mliu@geo.ecnu.edu.cn
作者简介:李　保, 男, 高级工程师, 研究方向为长江口水环境、水生态监测与评价. E-mail: libao201@163.com
金芮合, 女, 博士研究生, 研究方向为新污染物环境分析. E-mail: jrh2016416971@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金 (42230505, 42107391)

Multi-media distribution and partitioning behavior of organophosphate esters in the Yangtze River Estuary

Bao LI¹(), Ruihe JIN²(), Yuxin ZHANG², Manjing RUAN², Yan WU²^,*(), Jing YANG², Min LIU²^,*()

1. Changjiang River Estuary Bureau of Hydrological and Water Resources Survey, Ministry of Water Resources, Shanghai　200136, China
2. Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai　200241, China

Received:2024-09-27 Accepted:2024-09-29 Online:2024-11-25 Published:2024-11-29
Contact: Yan WU, Min LIU E-mail:libao201@163.com;jrh2016416971@163.com;ywu@geo.ecnu.edu.cn;mliu@geo.ecnu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

揭示了有机磷酸酯 (organophosphate esters, OPEs) 在长江口表层水、底部水和沉积物中的多介质赋存特征、空间分布与垂向传输规律以及典型水环境相间分配行为, 并探讨了关键影响因素及环境意义. OPEs已广泛分布于长江口环境中, 水样中峰值主要分布在人类活动强度高的区域, 同时, 河口水文特征也提升了入海口样本中的OPEs含量. 基于风险商推断出的中、高生态风险主要由磷酸三 (2-乙基己基) 酯和双酚A双二苯基磷酸酯导致. 每年经长江口径流和泥沙向东海汇入的OPEs总量分别约为150 t和290 kg, 已与诸多主流污染物的通量相当甚至更高.结果展现了OPEs在我国城市河口环境中的高残留量以及对于生态系统的潜在风险.

关键词: 新污染物, 河口环境, 有机磷酸酯, 水平?垂直分布, 相间分配

Abstract:

This research investigated multi-media occurrences of organophosphate esters (OPEs) in sediments, surface and bottom water sampled from the Yangtze River Estuary, and elucidated their spatio-vertical trends and partitioning behavior across typical aquatic interfaces. Additionally, we determined the key factors affecting the estuarine fate of OPEs and the associated environmental implications. Various OPEs were ubiquitous in the study region, and the peak water-borne residues were often found adjacent to the sites with more intense anthropogenic activities. Moreover, the estuarine hydrodynamic features also increased the OPE burden in water and sediments at the outlet of the Yangtze River. The moderate-to-high ecological risks suggested by risk quotients were mainly generated by tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate and bisphenol A-bis(diphenyl) phosphate. The annual fluxes via the water flow and sediment deposition of the Yangtze River towards the East China Sea were predicted to be approximately 150 t and 290 kg, respectively, rivalling or exceeding those reported for many well-studied organic contaminants. Our results highlight the prevalence and abundance of OPEs in a representative urbanized estuary in China and the substantial ecological risks they pose to aquatic ecosystems.

Key words: contaminants of emerging concern, estuarine environment, organophosphate esters, spatio-vertical distribution, partitioning behavior

中图分类号:

X132

李保, 金芮合, 张雨欣, 阮蔓菁, 邬言, 杨静, 刘敏. 长江口有机磷酸酯环境多介质传输分配行为[J]. 华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 2024(6): 99-113.

Bao LI, Ruihe JIN, Yuxin ZHANG, Manjing RUAN, Yan WU, Jing YANG, Min LIU. Multi-media distribution and partitioning behavior of organophosphate esters in the Yangtze River Estuary[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science), 2024, 2024(6): 99-113.

图/表 5

图1

表1

长江口水体 (溶解态 + SPM态) 和沉积物中OPEs的检出率和浓度水平"

OPEs化合物	检出率/%	中值/(ng·L^–1)	范围/(ng·L^–1)	检出率/%	中值/(ng·L^–1)	范围/(ng·L^–1)	检出率/%	中值/(ng·g^–1)	范围/(ng·g^–1)
OPEs化合物	表层水			底部水			沉积物
TEP	100	31.2	19.8 ~ 61	100	31.3	18.5 ~ 431	20	<MDL	<MDL ~ 0.49
TIPRP	40	<MDL	<MDL ~ 1.06	25	<MDL	<MDL ~ 1.04	0	<MDL	<MDL
TPRP	60	0.09	<MDL ~ 0.50	60	0.13	<MDL ~ 1.65	5	<MDL	<MDL ~ 0.36
TNBP	95	14.7	<MDL ~ 114	95	9.66	<MDL ~ 57.7	5	<MDL	<MDL ~ 1.83
TPEP	50	0.003	<MDL ~ 0.15	40	<MDL	<MDL ~ 0.17	25	<MDL	<MDL ~ 0.02
TEHP	100	5.32	1.46 ~ 49.1	100	11.1	8.21 ~ 76.8	95	2.27	<MDL ~ 34.6
TBOEP	10	<MDL	<MDL ~ 1.49	5	<MDL	<MDL ~ 2.79	0	<MDL	<MDL
∑Al-OPEs	100	54.1	31.1 ~ 514	100	63.7	40.1 ~ 464	95	2.51	<MDL ~ 34.6
TCEP	100	26.2	19.0 ~ 48.7	100	30.1	17.4 ~ 67.9	0	<MDL	<MDL
TCIPP	80	21.7	<MDL ~ 738	55	67.6	<MDL ~ 831	0	<MDL	<MDL
TDCIPP	30	<MDL	<MDL ~ 25.9	30	<MDL	<MDL ~ 23.4	0	<MDL	<MDL
V6	100	1.44	0.64 ~ 6.89	100	1.26	0.76 ~ 5.61	5	<MDL	<MDL ~ 0.03
TDBPP	0	<MDL	<MDL	0	<MDL	<MDL	0	<MDL	<MDL
∑X-OPEs	100	52.3	19.8 ~ 814	100	96.1	18.2 ~ 901	5	<MDL	<MDL ~ 0.03
TPHP	15	<MDL	<MDL ~ 33.8	30	<MDL	<MDL ~ 20.7	0	<MDL	<MDL
CDP	50	0.17	<MDL ~ 24.0	50	0.17	<MDL ~ 14.5	0	<MDL	<MDL
2IPPDPP	40	<MDL	<MDL ~ 2.15	55	0.64	<MDL ~ 1.90	0	<MDL	<MDL
4IPPDPP	30	<MDL	<MDL ~ 1.48	25	<MDL	<MDL ~ 0.74	0	<MDL	<MDL
RDP	15	<MDL	<MDL ~ 0.20	20	<MDL	<MDL ~ 0.21	0	<MDL	<MDL
TOTP + TMTP + TPTP	95	0.39	<MDL ~ 3.43	100	1.10	0.21 ~ 2.92	0	<MDL	<MDL
2tBPDPP + 4tBPDPP	10	<MDL	<MDL ~ 1.98	25	<MDL	<MDL ~ 3.24	0	<MDL	<MDL
EHDPHP	30	<MDL	<MDL ~ 5.53	40	<MDL	<MDL ~ 48.7	0	<MDL	<MDL
B2IPPPP + 24DIPPDPP	25	<MDL	<MDL ~ 0.46	30	<MDL	<MDL ~ 0.61	0	<MDL	<MDL
T34DMPP	35	<MDL	<MDL ~ 0.10	40	<MDL	<MDL ~ 0.25	70	0.003	<MDL ~ 0.02
B4IPPPP	5	<MDL	<MDL ~ 0.11	15	<MDL	<MDL ~ 0.25	0	<MDL	<MDL
T35DMPP	90	0.06	<MDL ~ 0.28	100	0.09	0.03 ~ 0.56	80	0.02	<MDL ~ 0.37
BPA-BDPP	50	0.20	<MDL ~ 21.8	75	1.77	<MDL ~ 34.1	30	<MDL	<MDL ~ 2.75
IDDPP	35	<MDL	<MDL ~ 0.43	65	0.10	<MDL ~ 0.63	10	<MDL	<MDL ~ 0.29
B2tBPPP + B4tBPPP	50	0.03	<MDL ~ 0.71	40	<MDL	<MDL ~ 1.12	20	<MDL	<MDL ~ 0.21
T2IPPP + T3IPPP	15	<MDL	<MDL ~ 0.12	30	<MDL	<MDL ~ 0.57	5	<MDL	<MDL ~ 0.17
T4IPPP	30	<MDL	<MDL ~ 0.11	20	<MDL	<MDL ~ 0.09	0	<MDL	<MDL
T4tBPP	65	0.05	<MDL ~ 6.46	60	0.04	<MDL ~ 1.92	35	<MDL	<MDL ~ 0.16
B24DIPPP	30	<MDL	<MDL ~ 0.12	50	0.01	<MDL ~ 0.11	15	<MDL	<MDL ~ 0.05
∑Ar-OPEs	100	5.65	0.14 ~ 54.7	100	10.1	0.27 ~ 69.2	85	0.07	<MDL ~ 3.21
∑OPEs	100	136	66.4 ~ 953	100	180	68.8 ~ 1092	100	2.55	0.001 ~ 37.8

表1

图2

图3

图4

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长江口有机磷酸酯环境多介质传输分配行为

Multi-media distribution and partitioning behavior of organophosphate esters in the Yangtze River Estuary

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