华东师范大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 2025 ›› Issue (6): 106-115.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2025.06.012

• • 上一篇    

土壤调理剂对露天煤矿排土场土壤和蔬菜生长的影响

焦晓亮1(), 于鑫鑫1, 宫鹤忆2, 宋坤3, 达良俊4,*()   

  1. 1. 神华准格尔能源有限责任公司, 内蒙古自治区 鄂尔多斯 010300
    2. 上海植物园, 上海 200231
    3. 华东师范大学 生态与环境科学学院, 上海 200241
    4. 西安建筑科技大学 交叉创新研究院 干旱半干旱区生态科学与工程研究院, 西安 710055
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-19 接受日期:2025-09-07 出版日期:2025-11-25 发布日期:2025-11-29
  • 通讯作者: 达良俊 E-mail:718814511@qq.com;ljda@xauat.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:焦晓亮, 男, 硕士, 高级工程师, 研究方向为矿山复垦. E-mail: 718814511@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    神华集团科技创新项目(SHGF-17-35)

Effects of soil conditioners on soil properties and vegetable growth in an open-pit coal mine dump

Xiaoliang JIAO1(), Xinxin YU1, Heyi GONG2, Kun SONG3, Liangjun DA4,*()   

  1. 1. Shenhua Group Zhungeer Energy Co. Ltd., Ordos, Inner Mongolia 010300, China
    2. Shanghai Botanical Garden, Shanghai 200231, China
    3. School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
    4. Institute of Science and Engineering of Ecology in Arid and Semi-arid Areas, Institute for Interdisciplinary Innovation Research, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China
  • Received:2024-12-19 Accepted:2025-09-07 Online:2025-11-25 Published:2025-11-29
  • Contact: Liangjun DA E-mail:718814511@qq.com;ljda@xauat.edu.cn

摘要:

针对露天煤矿排土场种植层土壤“水肥不足”的问题, 探究由保水剂、有机肥和微生物菌剂3种材料组成的土壤调理剂对土壤理化性质和植物生长发育的影响. 以小白菜为验证植物, 通过在土壤中施用不同用量的改良材料进行盆栽实验, 对比各组土壤的pH值和电导率, 土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾和有机质含量, 以及小白菜株高、叶片数和干重指标来评估和筛选优良的改良材料组合. 结果显示, 保水剂和有机肥的使用能够有效改良土壤理化性质, 促进小白菜生物量积累, 但微生物菌剂并未产生显著影响. 保水剂用量为5‰且有机肥用量为30%时, 调理剂对土壤性质和植株生长的综合效应最佳.

关键词: 生态恢复, 露天煤矿, 土壤调理剂, 土壤理化性质

Abstract:

This study addresses the challenge of water and nutrient deficiencies in the planted soil of spoil dumps in open-pit coal mines by investigating the effectiveness of soil amendments containing a water-retaining agent, organic fertilizer, and microbial inoculant in enhancing soil properties and promoting plant growth. A pot experiment was conducted using Brassica rapa var. chinensis as the model plant to evaluate the effects of different amendment dosages. Key soil parameters were analyzed, including pH, electrical conductivity, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, and organic matter content. Plant growth indicators such as plant height, leaf number, and dry biomass were measured. The findings indicated that applying the water-retaining agent and organic fertilizer significantly improved soil properties and promoted plant growth, whereas the microbial inoculant did not produce statistically significant effects. The optimal combined effect of the amendments on soil properties and plant growth was achieved at a water-retaining agent dosage of 5‰ and an organic fertilizer dosage of 30%.

Key words: ecological restoration, open-pit coal mine, soil conditioner, soil physicochemical properties

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