华东师范大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 2026 ›› Issue (1): 140-146.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2026.01.013

• 流域生态诊断与应急管理 • 上一篇    

山西省黄河流域典型水生态环境问题诊断及对策研究

马秀娟1,2(), 王玉杰1,2, 张城1,2, 刘丹1,2, 樊晓燃1,2, 张智渊1,2   

  1. 1. 山西省生态环境规划和技术研究院, 太原　030009
    2. 水污染防治与利用山西省重点实验室, 太原　030009
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-15 接受日期:2025-10-10 出版日期:2026-01-25 发布日期:2026-01-29
  • 作者简介:马秀娟, 女, 高级工程师, 研究方向为生态环境保护. E-mail: maxiujuan264@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展联合研究项目 (2022-YRUC-01-050206); 2024年度山西省新型智库专项课题 (2024ZK072)

Problem diagnosis and countermeasure research of water ecological environmental protection in the Yellow River Basin of Shanxi Province

Xiujuan MA1,2(), Yujie WANG1,2, Cheng ZHANG1,2, Dan LIU1,2, Xiaoran FAN1,2, Zhiyuan ZHANG1,2   

  1. 1. Shanxi Provincial Institute of Ecological Environment Planning and Technology Research, Taiyuan　030009, China
    2. Shanxi Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Prevention and Utilization, Taiyuan　030009, China
  • Received:2025-05-15 Accepted:2025-10-10 Online:2026-01-25 Published:2026-01-29

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摘要：

基于山西省黄河流域水生态环境现状, 系统分析了当前存在的突出环境问题, 重点从水环境质量、水资源利用效率、水生态系统健康3个维度展开剖析. 研究发现黄河流域存在以下典型问题: 汛期污染强度大, 部分河流水质断面不能稳定达标; 水供需矛盾突出, 生态用水不足; 生态系统脆弱, 水生态系统服务功能水平较低等. 针对这些问题, 提出了对策建议: 强化城乡地表径流污染系统治理, 推进水资源节约利用和再生回用, 加强水生态系统保护与修复. 旨在为山西省黄河流域生态环境的质量改善提供科学依据, 助力黄河流域的生态保护和高质量发展.

关键词: 黄河流域, 山西省, 问题诊断, 对策建议

Abstract:

Shanxi Province, located in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, is not only an important energy base in the Yellow River Basin but also a vital ecological security barrier in North China. This study systematically analyzes the most prominent environmental problems currently facing the water ecology of the Yellow River Basin in Shanxi Province. It focuses on three dimensions: water environment quality, water resource utilization efficiency, and water ecosystem health. This study identifies several critical issues: exacerbated water pollution during flood seasons, with some river water quality–monitoring sections failing to consistently meet standards; prominent water supply–demand conflicts; a severe shortage of ecological water flow; and fragile ecosystems characterized by low functionality of aquatic ecosystem services. It proposes the following countermeasures and suggestions in response to these problems: first, strengthen the integrated management of urban and rural stormwater runoff pollution; second, promote the conservation and reuse of water resources; and, third, strengthen the protection and restoration of water ecosystems. If implemented, these countermeasures should provide a scientifically based approach for improving the water ecology of the Yellow River Basin in Shanxi Province and contribute to the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin.

Key words: Yellow River Basin, Shanxi Province, problem diagnosis, countermeasure suggestion

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