华东师范大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2010, Vol. 2010 ›› Issue (3): 10-25.

• 浙江天童受损常绿阔叶林实验生态学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

浙江天童受损常绿阔叶林实验生态学研究（V）：不同干扰下植被恢复初期主要树种五年的恢复和更新

戚裕锋1，杨徐烽1，张奇平1，宋坤1，康敏明1，达良俊1,3   

  1. 1. 华东师范大学 环境科学系，上海 200062；2. 浙江天童森林生态系统野外科学观测研究站，浙江 宁波 315114;3. 华东师范大学 上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室，上海 200062
  • 收稿日期:2009-06-26 修回日期:2009-09-13 出版日期:2010-05-25 发布日期:2010-05-25
  • 通讯作者: 达良俊

Experimental ecology research on destroyed evergreen broad leaved forests in TNFP, Zhejiang (V): Five year recovery and regeneration of main trees after different disturbances

QI Yu-feng1, YANG Xu-feng1, ZHANG Qi-ping1, SONG Kun1,KANG Min-ming1, DA Liang-jun1, 2   

  1. 1. Department of Environment Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China;2. Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Research Station, Ningbo Zhejiang 315114, China;3. Shanghai Key Laboratory for Ecology of Urbanization Process andEcorestoration, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
  • Received:2009-06-26 Revised:2009-09-13 Online:2010-05-25 Published:2010-05-25
  • Contact: DA Liang-jun

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摘要： 为了解常绿阔叶林在遭受不同采伐干扰后的恢复和更新，于2003年10月至2008年10月在浙江天童地区常绿阔叶林中对5个不同采伐处理下的样地进行了5年的秋季植被跟踪调查.样地处理分别是：(Ⅰ)去除大树保留萌枝，(Ⅱ)去除地表植物保留枯枝落叶层，(Ⅲ)去除地表植物和10 cm的表土，(Ⅳ)清除下木层保留大树，以及(Ⅴ)对照.结果显示： ① 样地Ⅰ和Ⅱ的胸高断面积(BA)增长量最高， 分别为1 631.8 cm2和1 619.4 cm2；而样地Ⅳ的BA值增长量最少，为43.4 cm2. ② 样地I的BA值增加以常绿阔叶乔木的BA增量为主，主要通过残留植株的生长而恢复；样地Ⅱ的BA值在5年中的恢复速度最快，主要以落叶灌木或小乔木和落叶阔叶乔木的BA增量为主； 样地Ⅲ的BA值恢复主要以落叶灌木或小乔木和常绿阔叶乔木的BA增量为主；样地Ⅳ中常绿树种和落叶树种都非常少，BA值都小于10 cm2. ③ 各样地中幼苗的补充有一个波动的过程，恢复第1年最多，恢复第2年则发生锐减.样地Ⅰ中幼苗主要以常绿阔叶乔木为主.样地Ⅱ中幼苗也以常绿阔叶乔木为主，但相对样地Ⅰ有较多的落叶树种.样地Ⅲ中幼苗主要以落叶阔叶树种为主.样地Ⅳ中幼苗主要以常绿阔叶乔木为主.结果表明采伐模式对常绿阔叶林的恢复和更新有着深远的影响.择伐上木层后，常绿阔叶树种能得到较快的恢复；清除下木层，保留大树后，主要树种恢复缓慢；在皆伐下，落叶树种侵入，形成落叶树种为优势种或者常绿和落叶混交的群落.

关键词: 常绿阔叶林, 人为干扰, 主要树种, 更新, 恢复, 常绿阔叶林, 人为干扰, 主要树种, 更新, 恢复

Abstract: Investigations were carried out for 5 years from October, 2003 to October, 2008 in a logged evergreen broad leaved forest at Tiantong, Zhejiang province. Five following treatments were used in five sites: (Ⅰ) Big trees with height>8 m and DBH>5 cm were removed but sprouts retained; (Ⅱ) ground surface vegetation was removed but litter retained; (Ⅲ) all vegetation and 0 10 cm topsoil were removed. (Ⅳ) undergrowth was removed but big trees retained; and (Ⅴ) a control plot without any disturbance. Our results showed that: (1) The highest BAs (basal area value) were found in plot Ⅰ and plot Ⅱ, with a value of 1 631.8 cm2 and 1 619.4 cm2 respectively, and the lowest in plot Ⅳ with a value of 43.4 cm2. (2) The increase of BA in plot Ⅰ was mainly from the growth of retained evergreen broad leaved trees; plot Ⅱ had the highest BA increase which was mainly from deciduous broad leaved shrubs or small trees and deciduous broad leaved trees, and plot Ⅲ mainly from deciduous broad leaved shrubs or small trees and evergreen broad leaved trees; plot Ⅳ had few trees with low BAs. (3) Seedling and sapling recruitment fluctuated in all plots in 5 years. In plot Ⅰ and plot Ⅱ, seedlings and saplings were mainly evergreen broad leaved trees, but plot Ⅱ had more deciduous trees; seedlings and saplings in plot Ⅲ were mainly deciduous trees while in plot Ⅳ mainly evergreen broad leaved trees. Our results indicate that logging impact the recovery and regeneration of the evergreen broad leaved forest trees. Under logging big trees, evergreen broad leaved trees recover quickly; under clearing undergrowth, main trees recover slowly; under two kinds of clear cuttings, deciduous trees invade and dominate the plots or are mixed with evergreen broad leaved trees.

Key words: human disturbances, main trees, regeneration, recovery, evergreen broadleaved forest, human disturbances, main trees, regeneration, recovery

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