华东师范大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2010, Vol. 2010 ›› Issue (4): 58-66.

• 环境工程 地理学 • 上一篇    下一篇

微生物在生物栅植物根系和填料生物膜上的数量分布差异

余瑞彰1， 张 慧1， 蒋 俊1， 沈叶红1， 杨清海2， 李秀艳1   

  1. 1. 华东师范大学 环境科学系，上海 200062； 2. 辽东学院 城市环境系，辽宁 丹东 118003
  • 收稿日期:2009-03-01 修回日期:2009-07-01 出版日期:2010-07-25 发布日期:2010-07-25
  • 通讯作者: 李秀艳

Differences of microbial amounts on plant roots and packing biofilms in the biological grid

YU Rui-zhang1， ZHANG Hui1， JIANG Jun1， SHEN Ye-hong1， YANG Qing-hai2， LI Xiu-yan1   

  1. 1. Department of Environment Science， East China Normal University， Shanghai 200062, China； 2. Department of City Environment, Eastern Liaoning University, Dandong Liaoning 118003, China
  • Received:2009-03-01 Revised:2009-07-01 Online:2010-07-25 Published:2010-07-25
  • Contact: LI Xiu-yan

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摘要： 实验中以组合填料、美人蕉和水生动物为要素构建生物栅，以上海市苏州河支流绥宁河河水为实验用水，测定分析了功能微生物和微型动物在植物根系和填料生物膜上的数量分布差异，以研究生物栅强化处理污染景观水体的作用机理.结果表明，生物栅中有机物的矿化分解、氨化作用、硝化作用和反硝化作用可以在填料和植物根系上同时进行，有机物的矿化分解、氨化作用和硝化作用场所以植物根系为主，而反硝化作用主要在填料上进行.生物栅内植物根系和填料所具有的不同生境为异养细菌、硝化细菌和反硝化细菌的生长提供了各自适宜的场所，单位质量根系异养细菌数量比单位质量填料上异养细菌数量高出一个数量级，植物根系的泌氧作用提高了根系局部的溶解氧水平，硝化细菌对生境的选择结果使得单位质量根系或填料的硝化细菌数量表现为：实验组根系>实验组填料>对照组填料，而反硝化细菌对生境选择表现为:对照组填料>实验组填料>实验组根系.同时单位质量根系微型动物的数量和种类都要大于填料，根系和填料上微型动物的多样性指数值分别为2.16和2.08.

关键词: 生物栅, 微生物, 微型动物, 植物根系, 填料, 生物栅, 微生物, 微型动物, 植物根系, 填料

Abstract: The designed device mainly consisted of combined packing, Cannas, and aquatic animals. Water from Suining Creek, a tributary of the Suzhou Creek in Shanghai, was used as experimental water. Differences of microbial amounts on plant roots and packing biofilms in the device was analyzed to find the mechanisms of microorganisms in the system. The resluts show that the mineralization, amination, nitrification and denitrification may complete at the same time, with the mineralization, amination, nitrification mainly on the surface of plant roots, and the denitrification mainly on the filling material. The plant roots and the filling material provide appropriate natural environment for heterotrophic bacteria, nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria. The total amounts of heterotrophic bacteria on the surface of per unit mass plant roots are about ten times more than those on the surface of the filling material. Plant could provide root with oxygen, hence, nitrifying bacteria amounts on the surface of per unit mass roots and of the filling material are: roots＞filling material of experimental group＞filling material of control group. But for the denitrifying bacteria, it behaves: filling material of control group＞filling material of experimental group＞roots. The amounts and types of microfauna on roots are more than those on the packing films, whose diversity index were 2.16 and 2.08 respectively.

Key words: microorganisms, miniature animals, plant roots, filling material, biological grid, microorganisms, miniature animals, plant roots, filling material

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