铜基催化剂在电还原二氧化碳领域的应用研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2023.01.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了实现碳达峰碳中和的国家战略, 利用可再生能源发电将二氧化碳电催化转化为化学品再利用, 这引起了科学界的广泛关注. 铜基催化剂可将二氧化碳电还原为高附加值的多碳产物, 但仍需研究其催化机理来提高催化产物的选择性和催化效率. 根据铜的状态可将铜基催化剂分为单原子铜基催化剂、定向晶面铜基催化剂、氧化态铜基催化剂和铜合金/复合催化剂. 本文简要介绍了以上4类铜基催化剂的常见制备方法、结构特点、电催化还原二氧化碳的效果和可能的催化机理.

关键词: 铜基催化剂, 电催化, 二氧化碳还原

Abstract:

To achieve the national strategy of carbon neutralization, the electroreduction of carbon dioxide into usable reagents via renewable energy has caused widespread concern in the scientific community. Cu-based electrocatalysts can reduce carbon dioxide to high value-added multi carbon products, but the catalytic mechanism still needs to be studied to improve its selectivity and efficiency. Depending on the state of the Cu, Cu-based catalysts can be divided into Cu alloy/composite catalysts, single-atom, oriented crystalline, and oxidized Cu-based catalysts. This paper introduced the common preparation methods, structural characteristics, effect of electro catalytic reduction of carbon dioxide, and possible catalytic mechanism of the four types of Cu-based catalysts mentioned above.

Key words: Cu-based catalysts, electrocatalysis, carbon dioxide reduction

中图分类号:

O643

汤静, 张子宁, 郑翔. 铜基催化剂在电还原二氧化碳领域的应用研究[J]. 华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2023, 2023(1): 149-159.

Jing TANG, Zining ZHANG, Xiang ZHENG. Application of Cu-based catalysts in the electroreduction of carbon dioxide[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science), 2023, 2023(1): 149-159.

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参考文献 40

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材料	主要产物	电解液	C₂H₄法拉第效率/%	电压/(V vs. RHE)	电流密度/(mA·cm^–2)	文献
碎片Cu₂O	C₂H₄, H₂, CH₄	0.1 mol/L KHCO₃	57.3	–1.10	6.3	[23]
Cu₂O/C	C₂H₄, H₂, CO, C₂H₅OH	0.5 mol/L KHCO₃	67.0	–1.10	45.0	[24]
超薄CuO纳米片	C₂H₄, C2+,_{H₂, CO}	0.5 mol/L KCl	84.5	–0.80	200.0	[25]
CuO纳米片(晶界)	C₂H₄, C2+,_{H₂, CO, CH₄}	1.0 mol/L KOH	62.5	–0.52	190.0	[26]
NCDs/Cu/CuO	C₂H₄, CO, CH₄	/	56.6	–1.40	43.0	[27]
Cu₄O	C₂H₄, CO, CH₄	0.5 mol/L KHCO₃	45.0	–1.00	44.7	[28]
PcCu-Cu-O	C₂H₄, CO, CH₄, H₂	0.1 mol/L KHCO₃	50.0	–1.20	7.3	[29]
Cu@Cu_xO	C₂H₄, C₂H₅OH, H₂, CH₄	0.1 mol/L KHCO₃	57.7	–1.00	34.0	[30]

材料	主要产物	电解液	C₂H₄法拉第效率/%	电压/(V vs. RHE)	电流密度/ (mA·cm^–2)	文献
Cu₃-Ag₃Au	C₂H₄, CH₄, CO, H₂	0.1 mol/L KHCO₃	69.0	–1.20	13.0	[32]
CuCo	C₂H₄, H₂, C₂H₅OH, CH₄,_CH₃OH	0.5 mol/L KHCO₃	81.0	–1.50	400.0	[33]
Ag@Cu-p4.9	C₂H₄, C₂H₅OH, CH₃COO^－, C₃H₆	1.0 mol/L KHCO₃	43.9	–1.20	300.0	[34]
CuSn	C₂H₄, H₂, CO	0.1 mol/L KCl	49.7	–1.19	28.5	[35]
Cu_0.87Ni_0.13	C₂H₄, C₂H₅OH, H₂, CH₄	1.0 mol/L KOH	41.3	–1.10	300.0	[36]
Cu₃N	C₂H₄, H₂, HCOOH, C₂H₅OH	0.1 mol/L KHCO₃	60.0	–1.60	30.0	[38]
B-Cu	C₂H₄, C₂H₅OH, H₂, CH₄	1.0 mol/L KOH	49.0	–0.45	200.0	[39]
F-doped Cu	C₂H₄, C₂H₅OH, H₂, CH₄	0.75 mol/L KOH	65.0	–0.89	1600.0	[40]

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