华东师范大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2009, Vol. 2009 ›› Issue (6): 64-70,1.

• 环境工程 地理学 • 上一篇    下一篇

上海城市地表灰尘重金属粒级效应与赋存形态研究

王丽丽1，刘敏1，欧冬妮1，常静2，许世远1   

  1. 1. 华东师范大学 资源与环境科学学院 教育部地理信息科学重点实验室，上海200062; 2. 上海大学 通信与信息工程学院 遥感与空间信息科学研究中心，上海200072
  • 收稿日期:2008-12-18 修回日期:2008-12-24 出版日期:2009-11-25 发布日期:2009-11-25
  • 通讯作者: 刘敏

Particle size distribution of heavy metals in urbansurface dusts in Shanghai (Chinese)

WANG Li-li1,LIU Min1,OU Dong-ni1,CHANG Jing2,XU Shi-yuan1   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Resourcesand Environment Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai200062, China; 2. Research Center of Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Science,Shanghai University, Shanghai200072, China
  • Received:2008-12-18 Revised:2008-12-24 Online:2009-11-25 Published:2009-11-25
  • Contact: LIU Min

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摘要： 以上海中心城区地表灰尘中Zn，Cr和Pb为研究对象，初步探讨粒级效应对其含量及赋存形态的影响.研究结果显示：(1) 各功能区地表灰尘粒径分布具有较高一致性，小于75 μm地表灰尘占总量的47.4%，高于其他3个粒径级别； (2) 上海地表灰尘重金属处于较高污染水平，Zn，Cr和Pb最高值分别出现在商业区、工业区和居民区； (3) 地表灰尘重金属累积具有明显的粒级效应，重金属主要富集在小于75 μm粒径颗粒物中，Zn，Cr和Pb相对质量分数分别为32.8%,36.0%和30.0%，其次为75~150 μm，相对质量分数分别为31.4%，28.7%和27.6%； (4) Zn，Cr和Pb五种赋存形态在各粒级中分布较一致，Zn以碳酸盐结合态和铁锰氧化物结合态为主，Cr以残渣态为主，Pb以铁锰氧化物结合态为主，生物活性Zn,Pb和Cr，粒径分布对Zn，Cr和Pb赋存形态影响较小.

关键词: 粒级效应, 城市地表灰尘, 重金属, 赋存形态, 粒级效应, 城市地表灰尘, 重金属, 赋存形态

Abstract: This study was undertaken to assess the impact of particle size distribution on the heavy metal concentrations and chemical fractions in urban surface dusts in Shanghai. The result showed that there was 47.4% of surface dusts under 75 μm, higher than other fractions. It showed obvious difference in the spatial distribution of heavy metals in urban surface dusts, Zn had the highest concentration in the commercial district, while Cr in the industrial district and Pb in the residential district. Heavy metals were mainly existed in the smaller particle size fractions and the 75 μm part contained the highest concentration. A five-step sequential extraction of urban surface dusts showed that Zn occurred predominantly in the carbonate bound fraction and reducible fraction, while Cr was the highest in the residual fraction and Pb in the reducible fraction. Considering the exchangeable and carbonate fractions, the comparative mobility of the metals in urban surface dusts probably decreased in the following order: Zn> Pb> Cr.

Key words: urban surface dust, heavy metal, chemical fraction, particle size distribution, urban surface dust, heavy metal, chemical fraction

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