华东师范大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2014, Vol. 2014 ›› Issue (3): 125-133.

• 环境工程 生态学 • 上一篇    下一篇

天童20 hm2常绿阔叶林样地优势鸟类时空多维度生态位分析

张 航， 丁虎林， 刘 伟， 陈旭才， 石永志， 李 凯， 唐思贤   

  1. 华东师范大学 生命科学学院，上海 200062
  • 收稿日期:2013-03-01 修回日期:2013-06-01 出版日期:2014-05-25 发布日期:2014-07-25

Time-space of multi-dimensional niche of dominant birds in the evergreen broad-leaf forest in Tiantong Mountain, Zhejiang Province

ZHANG Hang, DING Hu-lin, LIU Wei, CHEN Xu-cai, SHI Yong-zhi, LI Kai, TANG Si-xian   

  1. School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
  • Received:2013-03-01 Revised:2013-06-01 Online:2014-05-25 Published:2014-07-25

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摘要： 2011年10月—2012年10月，对浙江天童山20 hm2样地内鸟类利用资源情况进行观察.共观察记录鸟类43种，数量4 823只，并对样地内6种优势鸟类（黑［短脚］鹎Hypsipetes leucocepalus、白头鹎Pycnonotus sinensis、栗背［短脚］鹎Hypsipetes castanonotus、红头长尾山雀Aegithalos concinnus、大山雀Parus major和灰眶雀鹛Alcippe morrisonia）在垂直维度、水平维度、DBH维度和栖树维度上采用Hurlbert公式，得到各优势种生态位宽度值；采用Schoener公式对优势鸟类不同维度的生态位重叠进行分析并对生态位时空变化进行探讨.结果表明：森林生态系统中优势鸟类在不同维度上存在生态位分离；优势种不同时空生态位呈动态变化，最终在多维度水平上趋于稳定.由此，确认了占据优势种群地位的鸟类在不同生态位维度上的分离和生态位时空动态变化是群落结构处于稳定状态的主要原因.

关键词: 优势种, 空间维度, 生态位

Abstract: From October 2011 to October 2012, a total of 43 species and 4823 individuals of bird were recorded in the 20 hm2 sample area of the forest ecosystem of Tiantong National Station (Zhejiang Province,China). Black Bulbul (Hypsipetesleucocepalus), Light-vented Bulbul (Pycnonotussinensis), Chestnut Bulbul (Hypsipetescastanonotus), Black-throated Tit (Aegithalosconcinnus), GreatTit (Parusmajor) and Grey-cheeked Fulvetta (Alcippemorrisonia) were dominant species. Based on vertical, horizontal, DBH and perched 〖JP2〗patterns of dominant bird species, the niche breadth indices by Hurlbert (1978), the niche overlap indices by Schoener (1986). It was discussed that the utilzation states for space, the interspecific relationships of dominant bird species and the space-time niche〖JP〗 changed. The results suggested that: The niches of dominant birds are separation in different dimensions. In different space-time scales,  the niches are dynamically changeable and finally tend to maintain stability in multi-dimension. It was found that the reasons for the dominant birds kept their community structure stable are that these species ecological niches are separating in different dimensions and changing in space and time.

Key words: dominant birds, spatial dimensions, ecological niche

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