华东师范大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 2026 ›› Issue (4): 21-28.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2026.04.003

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基于光学放大的非平衡干涉仪灵敏度提升的研究

蒋婷婷, 吴媛, 陈丽清*()   

  1. 华东师范大学 物理与电子科学学院, 上海 200241
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-10 出版日期:2026-07-25 发布日期:2026-07-18
  • 通讯作者: 陈丽清 E-mail:lqchen@phy.ecnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金 (12274132, U23A2075)

Study on sensitivity improvement of unbalanced interferometers through optical amplification

Tingting JIANG, Yuan WU, Liqing CHEN*()   

  1. School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
  • Received:2025-01-10 Online:2026-07-25 Published:2026-07-18
  • Contact: Liqing CHEN E-mail:lqchen@phy.ecnu.edu.cn

摘要:

马赫-曾德尔干涉仪作为精密测量的核心工具, 其相位灵敏度对测量精度至关重要. 然而, 光子损耗限制了相位灵敏度的提升. 尽管调节干涉仪的分束比可以改善不平衡损耗带来的影响, 但绝对灵敏度的提升仍是一个尚未解决的问题. 本研究提出在可调分束比的马赫-曾德尔非平衡有损干涉仪中引入放大器, 以补偿光子的损耗. 理论分析表明, 该方案能显著提升相位灵敏度, 且损耗越大提升效果越显著, 展现出良好的适应性和鲁棒性. 与增强输入光强相比, 该方案为提升干涉仪的性能提供了新路径.

关键词: Mach-Zehnder干涉仪, 损耗, 放大器, 相位灵敏度

Abstract:

The Mach-Zehnder interferometer is a key tool for precision measurement, and its phase sensitivity is critical to measurement accuracy. However, photon loss limits the increase in phase sensitivity. Although adjusting the interferometer’s splitting ratio can reduce the impact of unbalanced loss, increasing absolute sensitivity remains an unresolved issue. To compensate for photon loss, this study introduces an amplifier into a Mach-Zehnder unbalanced lossy interferometer with an adjustable splitting ratio. Theoretical analysis shows that this scheme can significantly improve phase sensitivity, with more pronounced enhancement effects observed as loss increases, exhibiting good adaptability and robustness. Compared with increasing input light intensity, this scheme provides a novel approach to improving interferometer performance.

Key words: Mach–Zehnder interferometer, loss, amplifier, phase sensitivity

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