华东师范大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2010, Vol. 2010 ›› Issue (2): 82-91.

• 生命科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

江浙沪不同杂草类群性状与入侵性关系的比较

李明丽1，郭水良2，印丽萍3，陈国奇1   

  1. 1.浙江师范大学 化学与生命科学学院，浙江 金华 321004；2.上海师范大学 生命与环境科学学院，上海 200234; 3.上海出入境检验检疫局，上海 200135
  • 收稿日期:2009-03-23 修回日期:2009-05-15 出版日期:2010-03-25 发布日期:2010-03-25
  • 通讯作者: 郭水良

Comparison on relationships between characters and invasiveness in different weed groups in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai, China

LI Ming li1,GUO Shui liang2,YIN Li ping3，CHEN Guo qi1   

  1. 1. College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua Zhejiang 321004, China；2. College of Life and Environment Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China；3. Shanghai Entry Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shanghai 200135, China
  • Received:2009-03-23 Revised:2009-05-15 Online:2010-03-25 Published:2010-03-25
  • Contact: GUO Shui liang

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摘要： 对于江苏、浙江和上海境内现有的647种杂草，统计了包括入侵能力、生活史、果实大小和数量、繁育系统和对水分环境适应方式等32个植物学和生态学性状.以这32个指标为基础，通过聚类分析将647种杂草分成11个类群.再以入侵能力为独立变量，其他31个性状为因子，应用SPSS 13.0软件中的GLM和Bivariate 分析模块，探讨了647种杂草作为整体和在不同类群中入侵能力与性状之间的关系.结果发现，如果将647种杂草作为一个整体，具有直根或块根、单性花、多年生、中生或阴生和花部两侧对称等性状的植物入侵能力较弱，而种子（或果实）数量多、生活史短、适生于阳生和湿生环境的植物往往具有较强的入侵性.但是，如果统计各类群中杂草入侵性与性状间的关系，发现在某个杂草类群中与入侵性关系密切的性状，在另外的杂草类群中不一定与入侵性有关.因此，不可能用某个统一的指标体系来评估不同生态适应对策的植物的入侵性.提出，要在特定区域开展外来植物入侵性的预测，首先应了解该地区的杂草有哪些生态适应类群，再判断目的植物更接近于何种杂草类群.

关键词: 杂草, 入侵性, 性状, 聚类, 相关性, 杂草, 入侵性, 性状, 聚类, 相关性

Abstract: Based on investigations and previous documents, 647 weed species in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai, China, were confirmed. Their 32 botanical and ecological characters, which include invasiveness, type of life cycle, seed or fruit size and production, breeding system etc., were collected. 647 weed species were quantitatively divided into 11 groups using the method of cluster analysis. The relationships of their invasiveness with other 31 characters were analyzed employing the GLM and correlate procedure of SPSS 13.0. The results showed that, when the 647 species were regarded as a whole, the species with the characters such as taproot or tuberous roots, unisexual flowers, big seeds (or fruits), zygomorphic flowers, perennial type, mesic or shade habitats are often of lower invasiveness, while those with much seeds (or fruits), growing in the sunny or hygrocolous habitats are probably of higher invasiveness. However, if the weeds of different groups were analyzed separately, the relationships between invasiveness and characters vary with different weed groups. That is, a character, which correlates closely with invasiveness in one weed group, probably does not in other groups. Therefore, it may not reasonble to find a universal index system to evaluate invasiveness of all alien plants in a given area.

Key words: invasiveness, characters, clustering, correlation, weeds, invasiveness, characters, clustering, correlation

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