胶州湾海岸带生态脆弱性时空变化分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2018.03.023

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于研究区2000年和2016年遥感数据，从景观生态学的角度出发，结合生态环境特征，选取斑块数、斑块密度、分维数倒数、植被覆盖度指数和土地利用生态适宜度构建景观脆弱度及土地生态脆弱度模型，对胶州湾海岸带区域生态脆弱度的时空变化规律进行探讨.结果表明：近16年间，研究区整体以一级、二级脆弱区为主，其中，生态脆弱度减少趋势的比例为17.52%，37.48%的样本区土地利用生态脆弱度指数增大，土地生态脆弱性增强.各地类整体平均土地生态脆弱度排序为：其他用地 > 耕地 > 林地 > 建设用地 > 水域，其他用地、耕地、林地系统稳定性及抗干扰能力弱.土地生态脆弱性的分布总体呈东北、西南部重，外延逐渐减轻，各级脆弱性之间的转化呈现出明显差异及空间分异性特征.黄岛区区域一级、三级脆弱区面积变化较大，一级、二级脆弱区所占比例减少，胶州市区域二级脆弱区变化最大，一级、二级脆弱区成为主体，市中区区域较其他区域变动程度低，城阳区区域五级脆弱区较其他区域增加明显.人口、政策及社会经济发展是导致生态脆弱区时空变化的关键因素.

关键词: 海岸带, 景观格局, 时空变化, 生态脆弱性

Abstract: Using remote sensing data from 2000 and 2016 in the study area, the temporal and spatial variations of regional ecological vulnerability in the the Jiaozhou Bay Coastal Zone were studied based on landscape ecology and the characteristics of the ecological environment. Models of landscape vulnerabity and land ecological vulnerabity were established by characterizing the number of patches, patch density, reciprocal of fractal dimension, vegetation coverage index, and ecological suitability of land use. The results showed that in the past 16 years, the whole study area was predominantly level one and level two vulnerable areas, among which the proportion of vulnerability reduction was 17.52%. When the ecological vulnerability index of land use in 37.48% of sample areas increased, the land ecological vulnerability also increased. The ranking of overall average ecological vulnerability for all the use types was:other land > cultivated land > forest land > construction land > water area; the stability and anti-interference ability of other land, farmland, and forest land system were weak. The distribution of ecological vulnerabity of land was generally heavy in the Northeast and Southwest, gradually reduced by extension, and conversion between different levels of vulnerability showed significant differences and spatial heterogeneity. In Huangdao District, the area of level one and level three vulnerability changed greatly, while the proportion of level one or level two vulnerable areas decreased. The change of the level two vulnerable areas in Jiaozhou increased the most, and the level one and level two vulnerable areas became the most predominant. The Central district of the city had a lower level of change than other regions. The level five vulnerable areas in Chengyang district increased significantly compared with other regions. These results indicate that population, policy, and social and economic development were the key factors that lead to temporal and spatial variation in the ecological vulnerable areas.

Key words: coastal zone, landscape pattern, temporal and spatial variation, ecological vulnerability

中图分类号:

X826

庞立华, 孔范龙, 郗敏, 李悦. 胶州湾海岸带生态脆弱性时空变化分析[J]. 华东师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2018, 2018(3): 222-233.

PANG Li-hua, KONG Fan-long, XI Min, LI Yue. Spatio-temporal changes of ecological vulnerability in the Jiaozhou Bay Coastal Zone[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc, 2018, 2018(3): 222-233.

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