华东师范大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2003, Vol. 2003 ›› Issue (3): 75-82.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

上海郊区夏季鸟类群落特征及多样性研究

栾晓峰1；谢一民2；杜德昌2；徐宏发1   

  1. 1 华东师范大学 生命科学学院，上海 200062 2 上海市农林局 野生动物保护处，上海 200233
  • 收稿日期:2002-09-09 修回日期:2002-11-13 出版日期:2003-09-10 发布日期:2003-09-10

The Study of Avian Community and Species Diversity in Shanghi Suburb Area in Sunmmer

LUAN Xiao-feng1; XIE Yi-min2; DU De-chang2; XU Hong-fa1   

  1. 1 Life Science College, East China Normal University, Shanghai 20062,China; 2 Department of Wildlife Protection, Agro-forest bureau, Shanghai 200233,China
  • Received:2002-09-09 Revised:2002-11-13 Online:2003-09-10 Published:2003-09-10

摘要： 2001年和2002年夏季对上海郊区不同生境鸟类进行了调查，共记录到鸟类68种，隶属11目25科。上海郊区夏季鸟类平均密度为2.7237只/hm2,现存生物量为276.0663g/hm2。鸟类多样性指数为2.2815，均匀度指数为0.5407,优势指数为0.2254.农田居民区、滩涂湿地和丘陵林地三种典型生境中，湿地鸟类种类最多，多样性指数最高，但密度最低；农田生境多样性最低，但密度最高，林地生境种类最少。研究结果表明，上海郊区夏季不同生境鸟类群落特征差异显著，但群落结构稳定，改善环境的自然性、增加空间异质性、减少人为干扰等可使鸟类群落的多样性和密度增加。

关键词: 鸟类群落, 上海, 夏季, 多样性, 鸟类群落, 上海, 夏季, 多样性

Abstract: During the summer of 2001 and 2002, we studied three typical summering avian communities in twenty-seven habitats that belong to subtropical cultivated land,wetland and forestland habitats within the auburb area of Shanghai. 68 species,which belonged to 11 orders,25 families, were recorded in three habitats.The total average density of birds is 2.7237/hm2 ,The Shannon-wiener index(H)is 2.2815, species evenness(J) is 0.5407, C index is 0.2254. In three typical habitats,the diversity index(3.0759) in wetland area is higher than others, but the density (0.8495) is lower than others.On the contrary, the diversity index (1.6464) in cultivated land is lower than others but the density (4.9608) is higher than others. Meanwhile, the species of forest birds is few comparatively.The results showed that that teh density will be rose up through improving naturalness of enviroment,increasing spatial heterogeneity and reducing the disturbance of human beings.

Key words: shanghai, summer, diversity, avian communities, shanghai, summer, diversity