胭脂鱼（Myxocyprinus asiaticus）幼鱼在河口区的生存适应性实验研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对胭脂鱼（Myxocyprinus asiaticus）幼鱼在不同盐度、不同氮磷营养盐组合浓度下进行96 h急性胁迫实验，研究其在胁迫条件下的存活率及肝脏组织中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和腮丝组织中Na⁺/K⁺-ATP酶活性的反应，探讨其在模拟河口区水域的适应能力.实验结果显示，在96 h的盐度急性胁迫中，在盐度小于10的情况下，胭脂鱼存活率可达100%；盐度3和盐度0组的SOD活性和Na⁺/K⁺-ATP酶活性始终无显著差异（p>0.05）；在96 h的氮磷急性胁迫中，当水体中氮磷浓度均优于Ⅳ类水质标准时，胭脂鱼的存活率可达100%；Ⅳ类水质组的SOD活性在48 h时显著高于Ⅱ类和Ⅲ类水质组（p<0.05）；上述实验结果表明，胭脂鱼在盐度小于3，水质中氮磷浓度优于Ⅲ类水质标准时生理反应比较平稳，具有较好的生存适应性.通过对比现实河口地区的水质状况，目前长江河口南支青草沙以西水域的水质条件可以满足胭脂鱼幼鱼的生存.

关键词: 胭脂鱼, 盐度, 营养盐, SOD, Na⁺/K⁺-ATP酶

Abstract: The adaptability of juvenile Myxocyprinus asiaticus to the estuarine waters was experimentally studied by investigating the survival ratios, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in its' liver, the Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase activities response in its’ gill to different salinity stresses and joint stresses of nitrate and phosphate. The result showed that, the survival was 100% when the salinity was below 10.There were not significant differences of the SOD activities and the Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase activities between salinities 3 and 0 （p>0.05）, respectively. The survival was 100% when the water quality was better than Ⅳ. The SOD activities and the Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase activities in water quality Ⅳ was higher than that in Ⅱ and Ⅲ (p<0.05). In conclusion, juvenile Myxocyprinus asiaticus have strong adaptability when the salinity is below than 3 and water quality is superior to Ⅲ, and that means that the current environmental situation at the upper section of Yangtze Estuary can provide juvenile Myxocyprinus asiaticus with adaptive water quality to live.

Key words: Myxocyprinus asiaticus, salinity, nutrient salts, SOD, Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase

中图分类号:

王丰毅，陆健健. 胭脂鱼（Myxocyprinus asiaticus）幼鱼在河口区的生存适应性实验研究[J]. 华东师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2012, 2012(1): 19-26.

WANG Feng-yi, LU Jian-jian. Experimental study on the adaptability of juvenile Myxocyprinus asiaticus to the estuarine waters[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc, 2012, 2012(1): 19-26.

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