华东师范大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2017, Vol. ›› Issue (4): 139-148.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2017.04.012

• 河口海岸学 • 上一篇    下一篇

近40年来渤海湾岸线变化及影响分析

孙百顺1,2, 左书华2,3, 谢华亮2, 李怀远2, 阳志文2   

  1. 1. 天津大学 水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室, 天津 300072;
    2. 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 港口水工建筑技术国家 工程实验室 工程泥沙交通行业重点实验室, 天津 300456;
    3. 华东师范大学 河口海岸学国家重点实验室, 上海 200062
  • 收稿日期:2016-09-30 出版日期:2017-07-25 发布日期:2017-07-20
  • 通讯作者: 左书华,男,博士,副研究员,主要从事河口海岸动力地貌及数值模拟研究.E-mail:zsh0301@163.com. E-mail:zsh0301@163.com
  • 作者简介:孙百顺,男,博士,副研究员,主要从事港口海岸及近海工程研究.
  • 基金资助:
    河口海岸学国家重点实验室开放基金（SKLEC-KF201508）；广西北部湾海岸科学与工程实验室基金（2016KYB03）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目（TKS150207，TKS150211，TKS170202）

Analysis of impact effects and changes of the coastline in the Bohai Bay during the past 40 years

SUN Bai-shun1,2, ZUO Shu-hua2,3, XIE Hua-liang2, LI Huai-yuan2, YANG Zhi-wen2   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
    2. Tianjin Research Institute of Water Transport Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Port Hydraulic Construction Technology, Key Laboratory of Engineering Sediment of Ministry of Transport, Tianjin 300456, China;
    3. State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
  • Received:2016-09-30 Online:2017-07-25 Published:2017-07-20

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摘要： 利用遥感和地理信息系统方法，基于1975-2015年间多期Landsat TM/ETM卫星影像数据，对近40年来渤海湾陆域海岸线变化、海湾面积变化和海岸属性变化等进行了分析.研究结果显示；近40年来渤海湾陆域海岸线总长度增加761 km，呈现先微略减小后逐渐增加的变化；至2015年渤海湾沿岸人工海岸线比例约占岸线总长度的95%以上，渤海湾海湾面积一直呈逐渐减少的趋势；导致岸线长度增加和性质变化的主要原因是人类活动（围填海工程与港口建设），主要集中在曹妃甸港区、天津港、黄骅港三个重点区域.从水动力、沉积物以及自然演变环境等方面分析了岸线和海湾面积的变化对海湾动力沉积环境的影响，指出随着海洋滩涂资源和港口资源开发活动不断增加，人为因素对海岸带环境演变的影响愈加明显.

关键词: 渤海湾, 遥感, 地理信息系统, 人类活动, 围填海工程, 天津港

Abstract: Using the method of remote sensing and geographic information system, based on 1975-2015 period of Landsat TM/ETM satellite image data, the Bohai Bay coastline changes, the bay area and coastline property changes during nearly 40 years are analyzed. The results show: ① the total length of the Bohai Bay coastline nearly 40 years increased 761 km, but the bay area has been a trend of decline;② artificial coastline proportion accounted for more than 95% of the total length to 2015; ③ main causes of shoreline length increase are human activity (reclamation and port construction), mainly concentrated in Caofeidian Port, Tianjin Port, Huanghua Port. From aspects such as hydrodynamic, sediment and natural evolution environment analyzed the change of the gulf coast and the gulf area of the influence of dynamic sedimentary environment, points out that with the increase of the development and utilization of Marine activities, the influence of human activities on the evolution of coastal zone environment are more and more obvious.

Key words: Bohai Bay, remote sensing, geographic information system, human activities, reclamation project, Tianjin Port

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