华东师范大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2021, Vol. 2021 ›› Issue (4): 46-54.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2021.04.006

• 水体污染控制与治理 • 上一篇    下一篇

城市河道沉积物溶解性有机质特征及其对反硝化过程的影响研究

翁蕊1,2,3,4, 韦政1,2,3,4, 杨燕梅1,2,3,4, 韩静1,2,3,4, 何岩1,2,3,4,*(), 黄民生1,2,3,4   

  1. 1. 华东师范大学 生态与环境科学学院 上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室, 上海 200241
    2. 崇明生态研究院, 上海 202162
    3. 上海有机固废生物转化工程技术研究中心, 上海 200241
    4. 自然资源部大都市区国土空间生态修复工程技术创新中心, 上海 200062
  • 收稿日期:2020-11-16 出版日期:2021-07-25 发布日期:2021-07-23
  • 通讯作者: 何岩 E-mail:yhe@des.ecnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金 (41877477); 国家重大科技项目 (2018ZX07208008, 2017ZX07207001); 上海市科技创新重点项目 (18DZ1203806)

Characteristics of dissolved organic matter and its effects on denitrification in urban river sediments

Rui WENG1,2,3,4, Zheng WEI1,2,3,4, Yanmei YANG1,2,3,4, Jing HAN1,2,3,4, Yan HE1,2,3,4,*(), Minsheng HUANG1,2,3,4   

  1. 1. Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
    2. Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai 202162, China
    3. Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, Shanghai 200241, China
    4. Technology Innovation Center for Land Spatial Eco-Restoration in Metropolitan Area (Ministry of Natural Resources), Shanghai 200062, China
  • Received:2020-11-16 Online:2021-07-25 Published:2021-07-23
  • Contact: Yan HE E-mail:yhe@des.ecnu.edu.cn

摘要:

为了解决城市河道治理过程中氮营养盐去除难题, 城市河道体系中溶解性有机质 (DOM) 对反硝化过程的影响作用值得重视. 研究表明, 河道沉积物中DOM的腐殖化程度较低、芳香性弱, 以小分子的富里酸为主, 其浓度平均为 (1868.5 ± 63.2) mg/kg. 与空白组相比, DOM可以促进反硝化过程, 对TN和NO3-N去除率分别提升了7.24% ± 0.36%和23.52% ± 1.17%, 而DOM协同乙酸盐组对TN和NO3-N的去除效果更好, 分别可以达到74.48% ± 1.29%和98.62% ± 0.07%. 微生物分析表明, DOM组的菌群多样性和丰富度均高于空白组, 但其中的异养反硝化菌属PseudomonasBrevundimonas以及nirK型反硝化菌属Paracoccus的丰度均低于DOM协同乙酸盐组. 此外, DOM运行体系中NH4+-N浓度维持较高的水平 (大于3.7 mg/L), 而且含有DOM体系中与异化硝酸盐还原成铵 (DNRA) 功能相关的厌氧粘细菌 (Anaeromyxobacter), 其相对丰度明显增加, 推测DOM在促进反硝化的同时诱导了DNRA过程的发生.

关键词: 城市河道, 溶解性有机质, 反硝化, 富里酸, 异化硝酸盐还原成铵

Abstract:

Understanding the impact of dissolved organic matter (DOM) on the denitrification process is critical to addressing the challenges associated with nitrogen removal in urban river treatment. In this paper, we show that DOM in urban rivers are mainly comprised of small-molecule fulvic acids. The humic acid content and aromaticity of the DOM, moreover, were found to be low. Compared with the control case, DOM can promote the denitrification process; specifically, the removal efficiency of TN and NO3-N in the DOM-added group increased by 7.24% ± 0.36% and 23.52% ± 1.17%, respectively. DOM with an acetate group had an even better effect on the removal of TN and NO3-N, reaching 74.48% ± 1.29% and 98.62% ± 0.07%, respectively. Microbiological analysis showed that the DOM-added group can significantly increase the diversity and richness of the bacteria community compared with the control case. However, the relative abundance of the heterotrophic denitrifiers Pseudomonas and Brevundimonas as well as the nirK-type denitrifier Paracoccus in the DOM-added group was less than that of the DOM with an acetate group. Additionally, a relatively high concentration of NH4+-N (> 3.7 mg/L) was observed in the DOM-added group. The addition of DOM can significantly increase the relative abundance of Anaeromyxobacter related to dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) functional genes. It is speculated that DOM promotes the denitrification process and induces the DNRA process simultaneously.

Key words: urban river, dissolved organic matter, denitrification, fulvic acid, dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium

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