濒危植物天目铁木种子休眠及萌发特征研究

华东师范大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2013, Vol. 2013 ›› Issue (6): 150-158.

濒危植物天目铁木种子休眠及萌发特征研究

乐笑玮¹，崔敏燕¹，杨淑贞²，罗远²，赵明水²，李媛媛^1,3

1. 华东师范大学资源与环境科学学院，上海 200241;
2. 浙江天目山国家级自然保护区管理局，浙江临安 311311;
3. 华东师范大学浙江天童国家森林生态系统野外观测研究站，上海 200241

收稿日期:2013-01-01 修回日期:2013-04-01 出版日期:2013-11-25 发布日期:2014-01-13

Characters on the seed dormancy and germination of an endangered species, Ostrya rehderiana, in Tianmu Mountain, China

LE Xiao-wei¹, CUI Min-yan¹, YANG Shu-zhen², LUO Yuan²,ZHAO Ming-shui², LI Yuan-yuan^1,3

1. School of Resources and Environmental Science, Shanghai 200241, China;
2. Management Bureau of Tianmushan National Nature Reserve, Lin’an Zhejiang 311311, China;
3. Tiantong National Field Observation Station for Forest Ecosystem, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China

Received:2013-01-01 Revised:2013-04-01 Online:2013-11-25 Published:2014-01-13

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对2008年和2009年采自浙江天目山的野生天目铁木植株的种子进行萌发实验，以探讨种子的休眠及萌发特征. 设置不同的低温储存时间、赤霉素浓度、变温温度、有无光照及不同的发芽基质等条件，比较种子在不同条件下的萌发率. 结果表明，吸水实验中种子浸水4 h后吸水率20%，与浸种前重量有明显差异(p<0.05, t-test)，表明不属于结构休眠类型. 采种后经过短期低温(约4周)储存的种子累积萌发率高于经过较长时间低温(约16周)储存的种子萌发率(p<0.05, t-test)，表明种子在低温下被诱导休眠并降低了发芽潜力. 种子萌发需要较长时间的高温打破休眠(MLG为54 d)，推测可能属于较深的生理休眠类型. 赤霉酸对天目铁木种子萌发有显著的促进作用，15/25 ℃加之施用浓度为400或600 mg·L^-1的赤霉酸，是种子适宜的萌发条件. 在天目铁木迁地保护中，可采种后人工施加赤霉酸，立即在恒温培养箱中萌发，以获得较高的萌发率.

关键词: 天目铁木, 种子休眠, 萌发率, 温度, 赤霉酸

Abstract: Ostrya rehderiana is a critically endangered plant species with only five natural individuals remaining in Tianmu Mountain, Zhejiang Province, China. To explore the seed dormancy and germination of O. rehderiana, the seeds were collected from the natural individuals in November 2008 and 2009 and manipulated in illumination incubator in different treatments. Results showed that these seeds have a water absorption rate of 20% after immerging in water for 4 h (p<0.05), indicating it was not physical dormancy (PY). The seeds have higher cumulative germination rates after short low temperature storage (4 weeks v.s. 16 weeks; p<0.05), suggesting low temperature might induce seeds dormancy of O. rehderiana. To break dormancy, relative longer times (median length of germination time=54 d) of temperature above 15 ℃ were needed, indicating the seeds may belong to physiological dormancy (PD). The most favorable germination condition was 15/25 ℃ employing 400 or 600 mg·L^-1 GA. We conclude that seeds treated with GA should be sown in a fitting condition immediately to germinate well in the ex situ conservation of O. rehderiana. In addition, it is a feasible method that seeds germinate in the nature with added GA artificially.

Key words: Ostrya rehderiana, seed dormancy, germination rate, temperature, gibberellin (GA)

中图分类号:

Q145.1

乐笑玮，崔敏燕，杨淑贞，罗远，赵明水，李媛媛. 濒危植物天目铁木种子休眠及萌发特征研究[J]. 华东师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2013, 2013(6): 150-158.

LE Xiao-wei, CUI Min-yan, YANG Shu-zhen, LUO Yuan,ZHAO Ming-shui, LI Yuan-yuan. Characters on the seed dormancy and germination of an endangered species, Ostrya rehderiana, in Tianmu Mountain, China[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc, 2013, 2013(6): 150-158.

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