长江河口水体暗碳固定的温度适应性

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2024.01.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了明确全球增温如何影响富营养化河口中基于碳氮耦合过程产生的暗碳固定, 以长江河口作为典型研究区域, 分别在河口近岸和近海不同盐度区域设置采样断面, 利用¹⁴C (NaH¹⁴CO₃) 标记方法结合烯丙基硫脲 (allylthiourea, ATU) 抑制剂法, 对不同温度和氮营养盐添加条件下的水体总暗碳固定 (dark carbon fixation, DCF) 和由氨氧化微生物驱动的暗碳固定 (DCF_AOB) 速率进行了研究. 结果表明, 长江河口水体中的DCF速率介于0.23 ~ 0.33 μmolC·L^–1·d^–1之间, 其中氨氧化微生物驱动的暗碳固定约占总暗碳固定的4.13% ~ 43.61%. 在最适温度范围内, 水体中的DCF速率随着环境温度的增加而显著上升, 但整体上低盐度条件下DCF速率受环境温度的影响更明显. 此外, 低盐度和高盐度水体的DCF速率最大值分别出现在30℃和25℃, 在该温度条件下添加氨氮可明显促进水体DCF速率的增加. 研究结果揭示了河口水体暗碳固定对环境温度变化的响应过程, 能够为全面认识和科学评估河口生态系统碳固定与碳汇通量提供理论支持与数据参考.

关键词: 暗碳固定, 长江河口, 氨氧化微生物, 盐度

Abstract:

To clarify the effects of global warming on dark carbon fixation (DCF) in eutrophic estuaries, the rates of total DCF and DCF driven by ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (DCF_AOB) were studied under various water temperatures and nitrogen concentrations using ¹⁴C labeling (NaH¹⁴CO₃) and the allylthiourea (ATU) inhibitor method. The Yangtze River Estuary was used as a study area and sampling locations were set up in the estuary and offshore locations. The DCF rates in the Yangtze River Estuary ranged from 0.23 to 0.33 μmolC·L^–1·d^–1 and that DCF_AOB rates accounted for 4.13% to 43.61% of the DCF. Although DCF rates increase significantly under optimum temperatures, the increase was more obvious with changes in ambient temperature under low salinity. The optimum temperatures for DCF in areas of low and high salinity were found to be 30℃ and 25℃, respectively, with the addition of ammonia-nitrogen at these conditions significantly increasing the DCF rates. The results of this study reveal how dark carbon fixation in estuarine water can change when subjected to environmental temperature changes, thereby providing theoretical support and data references to aid in the comprehensive understanding and scientific assessment of carbon fixation and carbon sink flux in estuarine ecosystems.

Key words: dark carbon fixation, the Yangtze River Estuary, ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms, salinity

中图分类号:

X142

陈家明, 王世明, 杨荣荣, 陈子彦, 梁霞, 侯立军. 长江河口水体暗碳固定的温度适应性[J]. 华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 2024(1): 104-112.

Jiaming CHEN, Shiming WANG, Rongrong YANG, Ziyan CHEN, Xia LIANG, Lijun HOU. Temperature adaptability of dark carbon fixation in seawater fromthe Yangtze River Estuary[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science), 2024, 2024(1): 104-112.

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温度/℃	不同${\rm{NH}}_4^+ $添加处理组
温度/℃	空白组	5.0 μmol·L^–1	10.0 μmol·L^–1	15.0 μmol·L^–1
20
25
30
35
40

采样断面	水体温度/℃	盐度/‰	${\rm{NH}}_4^+ $浓度/(μmol·L^–1)	${\rm{NO}}_3^- $浓度/(μmol·L^–1)	${\rm{NO}}_2^- $浓度/(μmol·L^–1)	DIC浓度/(mmol·L^–1)
近岸	28.5 ± 0.2	1.1 ± 0.01**	1.06 ± 0.29	107 ± 0.55**	0.09 ± 0.02*	1.73 ± 0.01*
近海	28.3 ± 0.1	32.6 ± 2.9**	0.67 ± 0.01	3.55 ± 1.90**	0.25 ± 0.07*	2.08 ± 0.16*

生态过程	区域	样本	培养温度/℃	Q₁₀	参考文献
暗碳固定	长江口	水体	20、30	1.1 ~ 2.5	本研究
	德国中部森林	山毛榉土壤	4、14	1.81 ± 0.17	Akinyede等^[13]
	德国中部森林	云杉土壤	4、14	2.07 ± 0.34	Akinyede等^[13]
氨氧化	埃姆斯多拉德河口	AOB	10、20	3.3	Helder等^[30]
氨氧化	普吉特湾河口	AOA	10、20	2.5 ~ 2.9	Qin等^[15]
呼吸	温带针叶林	土壤	4	2.4	Hicks等^[29]

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