This study proposes the nanobubble isotope separation method for the first time. The separation of light elements such as hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and lithium is realized via experiments, and the separation coefficient is measured, which verifies the scientificity and effectiveness of the method. The study revealed that the isotope separation process of nanobubbles not only occurs when the rapid collapse adiabatic self-shrinkage forms nanobubbles, which causes the dissociation of surface molecules possibly owing to high temperature or nano-surface effects, such that the surface of the bubbles is negatively charged and adsorbs the surrounding medium, but also occurs in the subsequent isotope (ion) chemical exchange process between nanobubbles and specific solutions to form a separation system, which has a dual separation effect. Because the formation of nanobubbles is a rapid process, and the ion exchange between bubbles and solution is an isotopic resonance exchange chemical reaction, the process also quickly reaches equilibrium. The bubbles and solution determine that nanobubble isotope separation is a separation method with a short equilibrium time, overcoming the shortcomings of the usual chemical method balance time. Based on the prototype stand-alone machine for nanobubble separation, nanobubble isotope separation cascades are also designed to increase the separation effect to obtain isotopes of various abundances, thereby illustrating the possibility of industrial production.
This study aimed to investigate the impact of the inclusive jet double differential cross-section data retrieved from the ATLAS at the large hadron collider(LHC), at the center-of-mass energy of $ \sqrt{s}=2.76 $ TeV, on CT18NNLO parton distribution functions(PDFs) by applying the error PDF updating method package(ePump). First, the inclusive jet double differential cross-sections were calculated with non-perturbative correction using the CT18NNLO PDFs. It was observed that the theoretical predictions concurred with the experimental data. Thereafter, the correlation $ \mathrm{c}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{s}\phi $ was established between theoretical predictions for the inclusive jet double differential cross-sections and the CT18NNLO gluon PDFs. Finally, the ePump was applied to update the CT18NNLO PDFs; the differences between these data and the original global fitting data were investigated. The CT18NNLO gluon PDFs and ePump updated gluon PDFs were compared at $ Q=100 $ GeV, and it was found that the ATLAS 2.76 TeV inclusive jet double differential cross-sections data could slightly constrain the CT18NNLO gluon PDFs at both small and large $ x $ regions.
In this study, a combination of synchrotron vacuum ultraviolet photoionization experiments and quantum chemical calculations was employed to investigate the reaction mechanism between cyanomethyl radicals (·CH2CN) and propyne (C3H4) in high-temperature interstellar environments. The aim was to gain further insights into the formation mechanism of interstellar organic nitriles. By analyzing the photoionization mass spectra and photoionization efficiency curves, it was determined that the reaction may predominantly yield the open-chain isomers of 1-cyano-1,3-butadiene. Additionally, the reaction potential energy surface was explored at the B3LYP/cc-pVTZ level, revealing a barrierless addition of the cyanomethyl radical to acetylene. This addition mainly leads to the formation of gauche-E-1-cyano-1,3-butadiene and/or E-1-cyano-1,3-butadiene. Conversely, the more thermodynamically stable product, pyridine, exhibits a lower likelihood of formation.
Isothermal remanent magnetization(IRM) is an important research topic in the analysis of material magnetic characteristics. However, owing to its low sensitivity, large volume, and high maintenance cost, the classical IRM measurement system cannot satisfy the practical requirements. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the IRM measurement system to attain a high sensitivity and small size. The magnetic field measurement technology based on the rubidium atomic ensemble has the advantages of high sensitivity and small size; accordingly, in this study, an IRM measurement system based on rubidium atomic ensemble is proposed. Here we focus on the design process regarding the magnetization device and residual magnetism detection device. More importantly, the IRM measurement system can successfully detect the soil samples collected from the Cherry River in Minhang Campus of East China Normal University. Our research demonstrates that the proposed detection system is easy to operate and maintain. Moreover, it has significant application prospects in the fields of environmental magnetism, geological exploration, and biological magnetic field measurement.
Optical polarization is a fundamental property of light, and it is therefore important to realize the high-fidelity transmission of optical polarization during the optical signal detection process. The optical beam splitter, as a conventional element to build the detection optical path /optical system, could significantly affect the polarization resolution capability of the entire detection system. Based on the theoretical analysis of optical transmission and reflection, polarization-preserving optical pathes with beam splitters can be designed to achieve both reflection and transmission polarization-preserving functions. Experimental data demonstrates that the optical path polarization fidelity is up to 95%. The polarization fidelity design scheme has characteristics including low cost, flexible adjustment and strong functionality, which provides further possibilities for the analysis and application of polarized light.
中国综合性科技类核心期刊(北大核心)
