一款适用于77 GHz毫米波雷达的高动态范围与增益精细调控模拟基带电路

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2026.02.013

华东师范大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 2026 ›› Issue (2): 139-150.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2026.02.013

• FMCW雷达与信号处理 • 上一篇

一款适用于77 GHz毫米波雷达的高动态范围与增益精细调控模拟基带电路

任梓豪, 张聪, 杨洋, 石春琦*()

华东师范大学微电子电路与系统研究所, 上海　200241

收稿日期:2025-11-03 接受日期:2026-01-16 出版日期:2026-03-25 发布日期:2026-04-03
通讯作者: 石春琦 E-mail:cqshi@ee.ecnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
上海市科委资助项目 (22DZ2229004); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资助项目 (40500-20103-222178)

Analog-baseband circuit with large dynamic range and fine-grained gain control for 77-GHz millimeter-wave radar systems

Zihao REN, Cong ZHANG, Yang YANG, Chunqi SHI*()

Institute of Microelectronic Circuits and Systems, East China Normal University, Shanghai　200241, China

Received:2025-11-03 Accepted:2026-01-16 Online:2026-03-25 Published:2026-04-03
Contact: Chunqi SHI E-mail:cqshi@ee.ecnu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

实现了一款适用于77 GHz频段毫米波汽车雷达收发机的高动态范围、增益精细化调控模拟基带电路 (ABB). 为了适应汽车雷达从近距离 (15 m) 到远距离 (250 m) 的探测距离, 采用Butterworth滤波器在400 kHz至20 MHz信号带宽内实现10~57 dB的增益连续可调, 并提出增益精细化控制策略, 以2.5 dB/step进行增益调节, 将输出信号幅值精确稳定在460~740 mV. 采用反馈式直流失调 (DC offset) 消除环路, 有效抑制环路中的DC offset. 数模混合型反馈式自动增益控制 (AGC) 确保信号幅值快速变化时, 其稳定时间在160 μs内. 在输出级设计上, 实现高线性度源跟随器, 在保证信号低失真传输的同时, 增强ABB的输出驱动能力. 测试结果表明: 2.5 V电源电压下, 模拟基带可实现在400 kHz至20 MHz全工作频段下, 10~57 dB的宽范围自动增益调谐. 最高档位增益下, 电路在400 kHz和20 MHz处的噪声系数分别为42.4 dB和33.1 dB.

关键词: 77 GHz频段, 毫米波汽车雷达, 增益精细化调控, 模拟基带

Abstract:

In this study, an analog-baseband (ABB) circuit for 77 GHz automotive radar transceivers, which features a large dynamic range and fine-grained gain control, is proposed and implemented. To accommodate various detection ranges from short (15 m) to long distance (250 m), the circuit employs a Butterworth filter supporting a signal bandwidth of 400 kHz to 20 MHz with a continuously tunable gain of 10 to 57 dB. A precision gain control strategy is proposed, which enables 2.5 dB/step gain adjustments to precisely maintain the output amplitude within 460–740 mV. A feedback-based direct current (DC) offset cancellation loop effectively suppresses residual DC offsets. The hybrid digital-analog feedback automatic gain control ensures a settling time of less than 160 μs during rapid signal amplitude variations. At the output stage, a highly linear source-follower structure is implemented to minimize signal distortion while enhancing the ABB’s driving capability. Measured results indicate that under a 2.5 V power supply, the analog baseband affords a wide range of automatic gain tuning from 10 to 57 dB across the full operating bandwidth (400 kHz–20 MHz). At the maximum gain, the circuit exhibits noise figures of 42.4 and 33.1 dB at 400 kHz and 20 MHz, respectively.

Key words: 77-GHz band, automotive millimeter-wave radar, fine-grained gain control, analog-baseband (ABB)

中图分类号:

TN432

任梓豪, 张聪, 杨洋, 石春琦. 一款适用于77 GHz毫米波雷达的高动态范围与增益精细调控模拟基带电路[J]. 华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2026, 2026(2): 139-150.

Zihao REN, Cong ZHANG, Yang YANG, Chunqi SHI. Analog-baseband circuit with large dynamic range and fine-grained gain control for 77-GHz millimeter-wave radar systems[J]. J* E* C* N* U* N* S*, 2026, 2026(2): 139-150.

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参考文献 13

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参考文献	工艺尺寸/nm	增益调谐范围/dB	中频带宽/MHz	噪声系数/dB	增益步长/dB	稳定时间/μs
[4]	65	0~42	0.1~5	18.9@5 MHz	/	/
[5]	65	10~52	0.15~15	15.3@15 MHz	6	100
[10]	22	3~45	800~1000	/	/	200
[11]	65	0~53.5	0.7~10	35.5@10 MHz	0.5	800
[12]	65	18.2~70.6	0.2~10	/	5.8	/
[13]	40	24~50	0.175~10/15	18.26@5 MHz	2	/
本文	55	10~57	0.4~20	42.4@0.4MHz 33.1@20MHz	2.5	≤160

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一款适用于77 GHz毫米波雷达的高动态范围与增益精细调控模拟基带电路

Analog-baseband circuit with large dynamic range and fine-grained gain control for 77-GHz millimeter-wave radar systems

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