华东师范大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2011, Vol. 2011 ›› Issue (1): 12-20.

• 水体污染控制与治理 专刊 • 上一篇    下一篇

北京六湖水体和表层沉积物中氮污染特征与评价

陈建军 1,2， 黄民生 1， 卢少勇 2， 赵屹坤 3， 吴 芸 3， 黄国忠 3   

  1. 1. 华东师范大学 资源与环境科学学院,上海 200062； 2. 中国环境科学研究院 国家环境保护湖泊污染控制重点实验室,北京 100012;3. 北京科技大学 土木与环境工程学院,北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2010-08-01 修回日期:2010-11-01 出版日期:2011-01-25 发布日期:2011-01-25
  • 通讯作者: 黄民生

Characters and evaluation of nitrogen pollution in the water and surface sediment from six urban lakes in Beijing

CHEN Jian-jun 1,2, HUANG Min-sheng 1, LU Shao-yong 2, ZHAO Yi-kun 3, WU Yun 3, HUANG Guo -zhong 3   

  1. 1. School of Resources and Environment Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China;  2. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Research Center of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; 3. Civil and Environment Engineering School, University of Science ＆ Technology Beijing， Beijing 100083, China
  • Received:2010-08-01 Revised:2010-11-01 Online:2011-01-25 Published:2011-01-25
  • Contact: HUANG Min-sheng

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摘要： 调查和分析了北京市六个城市湖泊水体和沉积物的氮营养盐污染特征和污染程度，并对六湖水体和表层沉积物中各指标作了相关分析，拟为城市湖泊富营养化的防治提供基础数据.结果表明，所调查的北京城市湖泊氮污染程度较严重，调查期间半数湖泊的水体总氮（TN）含量超过地表水（湖、库）Ⅴ类标准值.在太湖流域的有机氮（ON%）污染评价标准下，六个城市湖泊表层沉积物中有机氮含量（ON%）均严重超标，其中最低值已达到污染标准值的3倍；而在安大略省的环境质量标准下，有两湖的表层沉积物TN生态毒性超过严重标准，三湖接近严重标准.六个城市湖泊水体和表层沉积物中氮形态和总有机碳（TOC）指标间相关分析表明湖泊表层沉积物的TN和TOC的相关性最高（ r =0.965, p <0.01)，六个城市湖泊水体TN与湖泊表层沉积物的TN、TOC的相关性均极显著（ r =0.960，0.964, p <0.01）；城市湖泊表层沉积物(0~10 cm)中有机质和总氮含量的控制和削减对于湖泊水体氮营养盐污染治理有重要意义.

关键词: 城市湖泊, 氮形态, 沉积物, 污染, 城市湖泊, 氮形态, 沉积物, 污染

Abstract: The pollution characters, degree and correlations of the indexes in water and surface sediments from six lakes in Beijing were investigated to provide data for the eutrophication control of urban lakes. Results showed that nitrogen pollution of these urban lakes was serious, and the water total nitrogen (TN) of three lakes were all worse than that of National Environment Quality Standard for Surface Water Grade V during the investigation period. According to the Taihu Lake Basin Pollution Standard, the organic nitrogen content （ON%） pollution from the surface sediment of the six lakes were very serious: the minimum from which was three times of the pollution standard level. According to the standard of Canada, the ecological toxic of sediments TN from two lakes were both above serious toxicity standards, while that of other three lakes were all near to the serious toxicity standards. The correlation of nitrogen fractions and TOC content between index of water and surface sediment from the six urban lakes were calculated, and the results showed that the correlation between sediment TN and sediment TOC was the highest ( r =0.965, p <0.01), correlations between water TN and sediment TN and TOC was extremely significant ( p <0.01) as 0.960, 0.964, respectively. The investigation suggested that the control and reduction of TOC and TN in surface sediment (0~10 cm) of urban lake are of important significance to the control of nitrogen pollution in the lake water.

Key words: nitrogen fractions, sediment, pollution, urban lakes, nitrogen fractions, sediment, pollution

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