Review on location privacy protection research

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2015.05.002

Abstract

Abstract: In recent years, with the development of wireless communication technology and mobile positioning technology, applications relating to locationbased services (LBS) are increasingly taken seriously and used widely. On the one hand, LBS brings people considerable convenience; on the other hand, it becomes a nonnegligible security threat that users’ privacy, mainly including location privacy, trajectory privacy and identity privacy, could be leaked out. Many solutions on the basis of different structures of privacy protection system have been proposed by researchers at home and abroad, which can be divided into pseudonym, faked locations and spatial and temporal cloaking, protecting users’ identity privacy, location privacy and trajectory privacy respectively. In this paper, we contrast the existing privacy protection technologies and analyze challenges LBS is facing. At the same time, we conclude the existing researches and give directions for future research.

Key words: locationbased services, privacy protection, pseudonym, faked locations, spatial and temporal cloaking

CLC Number:

TP391

QIN Bo,TANG Qiu-nan,WANG Mei-qi. Review on location privacy protection research[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc, 2015, 2015(5): 14-27.

References

［1］〖ZK(#〗ILARRI S, MENA E, ILLARRAMENDI A. Locationdependent query processing: Where we are and where we are heading［J］. ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), 2010, 42(3):12.

［2］PERUSCO L, MICHAEL K. Control, trust, privacy, and security: Evaluating locationbased services［J］. IEEE Technology and Society Magazine, 2007, 26(1): 416.

［3］SCHILLER J H, VOISARD A. LocationBased Services［M］. San Francisco: Morgan Kaufmann, 2004.

［4］VEIJALAINEN J, WESKE M. Modeling static aspects of mobile electronic commerce environments［M］//Advances in Mobile Commerce Technologies. \[s.l.\]: IGI Publishing, 2003: 137170.

［5］BARNES R, LEPINSKI M, COOPER A, et al. An architecture for location and location privacy in internet applications［R］. BCP 160, RFC 6280, 2011.

［6］KALNIS P, GHINITA G, MOURATIDIS K, et al. Preventing locationbased identity inference in anonymous spatial queries［J］. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 2007, 19(12): 17191733.

［7］XIONG X, MOKBEL M F, AREF W G. Seacnn: Scalable processing of continuous knearest neighbor queries in spatiotemporal databases［C］//Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Data Engineering. IEEE, 2005: 643654.

［8］DAMIANI M L, BERTINO E, SILVESTRI C. The PROBE framework for the personalized cloaking of private locations［J］. Transactions on Data Privacy, 2010, 3(2): 123148.

［9］GHINITA G, KALNIS P, SKIADOPOULOS S. Prive: Anonymous locationbased queries in distributed mobile systems［C］//Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on World Wide Web. ACM, 2007: 371380.

［10］CHE Y, CHIEW K, HONG X, et al. SALS: semanticsaware location sharing based on cloaking zone in mobile social networks［C］//Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGSPATIAL International Workshop on Mobile Geographic Information Systems. ACM, 2012: 4956.

［11］NERGIZ M E, ATZORI M, SAYGIN Y, et al. Towards trajectory anonymization:A generalizationbased approach［J］. IEEE Transactions on Data Privacy, 2009, 2(1):4775.

［12］CHENG R, ZHANG Y, BERTINO E, et al. Preserving user location privacy in mobile data management infrastructures［M］//Privacy Enhancing Technologies. Berlin: Springer, 2006: 393412.

［13］GRUTESER M, GRUNWALD D. Anonymous usage of locationbased services through spatial and temporal cloaking［C］//Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications and Services. ACM, 2003: 3142.

［14］XIAO Z, MENG X, XU J. Quality aware privacy protection for locationbased services［M］//Advances in Databases: Concepts, Systems and Applications. Berlin: Springer, 2007: 434446.

［15］HONG J I, LANDAY J A. An architecture for privacysensitive ubiquitous computing［C］//Processing of the 2nd International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services. ACM, 2004, 177189.

［16］CHAUM D. Untraceable electronic mail, return addresses, and digital pseudonyms［J］. Communications of the ACM, 1981: 24(2):8490.

［17］BERESFORD A R, STAJANO F. Location privacy in pervasive computing［J］. IEEE Pervasive computing, 2003, 2(1): 4655.

［18］HEECHANG SHIN, ATLURI V, VAIDYA J. A profile anonymization model for privacy in a personalized locationbased service environment［C］// Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Mobile Data Management. IEEE, 2008: 7380.

［19］SHIN K G, JU X, CHEN Z, et al. Privacy protection for users of locationbased services［J］. IEEE Wireless Communications, 2012, 19(1): 3039.

［20］DUCKHAM M, KULIK L. A formal model of obfuscation and negotiation for location privacy［M］//Pervasive Computing. Berlin: Springer, 2005: 152170.

［21］CHOW C Y, MOKBEL M F, LIU X. A peertopeer spatial cloaking algorithm for anonymous locationbased service［C］//Proceedings of the 14th Annual ACM International Symposium on Advances in Geographic Information Systems. ACM, 2006: 171178.

［22］BAMBA B, LIU L, PESTI P, et al. Supporting anonymous location queries in mobile environments with privacygrid［C］//Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on World Wide Web. ACM, 2008: 237246.

［23］MOKBEL M F, CHOW C Y, AREF W G. The new casper: Query processing for location services without compromising privacy［C］//Proceedings of the 32nd International Conference on Very Large Data Bases. ACM, 2006: 763774.

［24］CHOW C Y, MOKBEL M F, LIU X. Spatial cloaking for anonymous locationbased services in mobile peertopeer environments［J］. GeoInformatica, 2011, 15(2): 351380.

［25］霍峥, 孟小峰. 轨迹隐私保护技术研究［J］. 计算机学报, 2011(10)：18201830.

［26］XU T, CAI Y. Exploring historical location data for anonymity preservation in locationbased services［C］//Proceedings of the 27th Conference on Computer Communications. IEEE, 2008: 547555.

［27］TERROVITIS M, MAMOULIS N. Privacy preserving in the publication of trajectories［C］//Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Mobile Data Management. IEEE, 2008:6572.

［28］LU R, LIN X, LIANG X, et al. A dynamic privacypreserving key management scheme for locationbased services in vanets［J］. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2012, 13(1): 127139.

［29］FREUDIGER J, SHOKRI R, HUBAUX J P. Evaluating the privacy risk of locationbased services［M］//Financial Cryptography and Data Security. Berlin: Springer, 2012: 3146.

［30］朱辉, 李晖, 高丽娟, 等. 面向基于位置服务的用户隐私保护系统及方法: 中国,CN104219245A\[P\]. 20141217.

［31］PINGLEY A, YU W, ZHANG N, et al. Cap: A contextaware privacy protection system for locationbased services［C］//Proceedings of the 29th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems. IEEE, 2009: 4957.

［32］魏琼, 卢炎生. 位置隐私保护技术研究进展［J］. 计算机科学, 2008(09)：2125.

［33］EL DEFRAWY K, TSUDIK G. Privacypreserving locationbased ondemand routing in MANETs［J］. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2011, 29(10): 19261934.

［34］HU H, LEE D L. Range nearestneighbor query［J］. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 2006, 18(1): 7891.

［35］余荣芳. 位置服务隐私保护技术的研究与应用［D］.南京：南京理工大学, 2013.

［36］王璐, 孟小峰. 位置大数据隐私保护研究综述［J］. 软件学报, 2014(04)693712.

［37］潘晓, 肖珍, 孟小峰. 位置隐私研究综述［J］. 计算机科学与探索, 2007(03)268281.

［38］郭艳华. 位置服务中轨迹隐私保护方法的研究［D］.武汉：华中师范大学, 2011.

［39］谈嵘. 位置隐私保护及其在基于位置的社交网络服务中的应用研究［D］.上海：华东师范大学, 2013.

［40］车延辙. 基于位置服务中用户位置隐私保护关键技术研究［D］.杭州：浙江大学, 2013.

［41］屈浩. 基于轨迹隐私的匿名方法研究［D］.成都：电子科技大学, 2013.

［42］张浩. 基于位置服务的信息隐私保护技术研究［D］.合肥：中国科学技术大学, 2014.

［43］娄绿林. 基于位置服务（LBS）的隐私保护方案研究［D］.昆明：昆明理工大学, 2013.

［44］郭晓丽. 基于位置服务的移动对象隐私保护技术研究［D］.哈尔滨：哈尔滨工程大学, 2013.

［45］GHINITA G, KALNIS P, KHOSHGOZARAN A, et al. Private queries in locationbased services: Anonymizers are not necessary［C］//Proceedings of the 2008 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data. ACM, 2008: 121132.

［46］CHENG R, ZHANG Y, BERTINO E, et al. Preserving user location privacy in mobile data management infrastructures［M］//Privacy Enhancing Technologies. Berlin: Springer, 2006: 393412.

［47］GEDIK B, LIU L. Location privacy in mobile systems: A personalized anonymization model［C］//Proceedings of the 25th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems. IEEE, 2005: 620629.

［48］KIDO H, YANAGISAWA Y, SATOH T. An anonymous communication technique using dummies for locationbased services［C］//Proceedings of the International Conference on Pervasive Services. IEEE, 2005: 8897.

［49］KANG H E, MENG W U. Protecting location privacy with personalized Kanonymity［J］. Journal of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (Natural Science), 2012(6): 014.

［50］贾金营, 张凤荔. 位置隐私保护技术综述［J］. 计算机应用研究, 2013(03)：641646.

［51］王家波. 基于位置服务的轨迹隐私保护技术研究［D］.杭州：杭州电子科技大学, 2014.

［52］侯士江. 基于空间K匿名的位置隐私保护技术研究［D］.秦皇岛：燕山大学, 2014.

［53］薛姣, 刘向宇, 杨晓春, 等. 一种面向公路网络的位置隐私保护方法［J］. 计算机学报, 2011(05)： 865878.

［54］LUPER D, CAMERON D, MILLER J A, et al. Spatial and temporal target association through semantic analysis and GPS data mining［C］//Proceedings of the 2007 International Conference on Information and Knowledge Engineering. IKE, 2007:251257.

［55］许隽. 基于位置服务中个性化位置隐私保护模型与算法的研究［D］.广州：华南理工大学, 2013.

[1]	ZHAO Da-peng,LIANG Lei,TIAN Xiu-xia,WANG Xiao-ling. Privacy protection in locationbased services: Model and development [J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc, 2015, 2015(5): 28-45.
[2]	TIAN Xiuxia1,LI Lisha2,SUN Chaochao1,LIU Daming1. Review on privacy protection approaches in smart meter [J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc, 2015, 2015(5): 46-60.
[3]	ZHANG Feng,NI Wei-wei. Pseudorandom number encryption based location privacy preserving nearest neighbor querying [J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc, 2015, 2015(5): 128-142.
[4]	CAO Wu,XU Lyu,LIU Yu-bao,YIN Jian. The LBS system based on polygonal cloaking region [J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc, 2015, 2015(5): 143-153.