Population genetics of the flat-headed bats in Southern China

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2025.04.010

Abstract

Abstract:

Flat-headed bat (Tylonycteris pachypus), an insectivorous bat species, roosts in bamboo forests. In this study, 450 T. pachypus individuals were sampled from 16 sites across Guangdong, Guangxi, and other locations. Genotyping was performed using 19 microsatellite loci. Genetic diversity analyses revealed that T. pachypus maintained a high level of genetic diversity. Bottleneck detections indicated that two populations, Hekeng in China and Selangor in Malaysia, experienced historical bottleneck effects. Isolation by distance analyses demonstrated that geographical distance exerted an obstructive effect on gene flow in T. pachypus. STRUCTURE genetic clustering analyses divided all populations into five genetic clades, and no significant gene flow was detected among them. In conclusion, this study elucidated the genetic diversity patterns of the T. pachypus, providing reasonable suggestions for T. pachypus conservation.

Key words: Tylonycteris pachypus, genetic diversity, population genetic structure, gene flow

CLC Number:

Q958

Jie ZHANG, Panyu HUA. Population genetics of the flat-headed bats in Southern China[J]. J* E* C* N* U* N* S*, 2025, 2025(4): 93-103.

Figures/Tables 9

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序号	采样地区	种群简称	国家/省份	纬度/(°)	经度/(°)	个体数
1	高祥	GX	中国/广西	22.35	106.87	34
2	逐炯	ZJ	中国/广西	22.38	106.80	19
3	塘巧	TQ	中国/广西	22.39	106.76	37
4	巴望	BW	中国/广西	22.38	106.76	64
5	弄行	NX	中国/广西	22.38	106.75	13
6	利民	LM	中国/广西	22.34	106.85	54
7	亭廖	TL	中国/广西	22.11	107.13	49
8	峙利	ZL	中国/广西	22.11	107.11	22
9	桂平	GP	中国/广西	23.37	110.07	10
10	茂名	MM	中国/广东	21.67	110.88	25
11	广州	GZ	中国/广东	23.14	113.26	42
12	罗甸	LD	中国/贵州	25.55	106.63	32
13	勐腊	ML	中国/云南	21.45	101.56	9
14	灶下村	ZXC	中国/香港	22.53	114.21	9
15	禾坑村	HKC	中国/香港	22.53	114.19	14
16	雪兰莪	UL	马来西亚/雪兰莪	3.35	101.75	17

种群简称	种群采样数 (N)	平均等位基因数 (N_A)	观测杂合度 (H_O)	期望杂合度 (H_E)	近交系数 (F_IS)	等位基因丰富度 (A_R)	私有等位基因丰富度 (P_A)
GX	34	9.95	0.76	0.76	0.02	6.66	0.12
ZJ	19	9.42	0.74	0.78	0.08	7.30	0.20
TQ	37	10.26	0.75	0.77	0.04	6.91	0.14
BW	64	10.90	0.71	0.77	0.08	6.85	0.11
NX	13	8.21	0.78	0.75	0.00	7.15	0.28
LM	54	10.68	0.74	0.77	0.05	6.76	0.14
TL	49	9.74	0.69	0.75	0.09	6.31	0.16
ZL	22	8.68	0.74	0.76	0.05	6.57	0.22
GP	10	6.00	0.70	0.69	0.04	5.81	0.10
MM	25	7.47	0.70	0.73	0.06	5.83	0.14
GZ	42	6.95	0.64	0.66	0.04	4.97	0.05
LD	32	7.37	0.64	0.68	0.07	5.46	0.08
ML	9	6.05	0.69	0.70	0.07	6.05	0.55
ZXC	9	4.05	0.53	0.60	0.17	4.05	0.00
HKC	14	5.16	0.62	0.63	0.05	4.64	0.04
UL	17	7.79	0.68	0.75	0.12	6.53	1.45
Mean		8.04	0.69	0.72	0.07	6.12	0.24

种群简称	GX	ZJ	TQ	BW	NX	LM	TL	ZL	GP	MM	GZ	LD	ML	ZXC	HKC
ZJ	0.02^*
TQ	0.01^*	0.01
BW	0.01^*	0.02^*	0.01^*
NX	0.02^*	0.01	0.02^*	0.02^*
LM	0.01^*	0.01^*	0.01^*	0.01^*	0.02^*
TL	0.04^*	0.03^*	0.03^*	0.03^*	0.05^*	0.03^*
ZL	0.04^*	0.04^*	0.04^*	0.04^*	0.06^*	0.04^*	0.02^*
GP	0.06^*	0.06^*	0.05^*	0.06^*	0.07^*	0.06^*	0.05^*	0.07^*
MM	0.05^*	0.06^*	0.06^*	0.06^*	0.06^*	0.06^*	0.06^*	0.06^*	0.03^*
GZ	0.09^*	0.10^*	0.10^*	0.10^*	0.11^*	0.10^*	0.11^*	0.11^*	0.06^*	0.06^*
LD	0.05^*	0.06^*	0.05^*	0.06^*	0.07^*	0.07^*	0.07^*	0.07^*	0.10^*	0.09^*	0.13^*
ML	0.13^*	0.11^*	0.12^*	0.13^*	0.13^*	0.12^*	0.13^*	0.13^*	0.14^*	0.13^*	0.17^*	0.17^*
ZXC	0.11^*	0.12^*	0.12^*	0.12^*	0.12^*	0.12^*	0.14^*	0.15^*	0.11^*	0.08^*	0.10^*	0.16^*	0.20^*
HKC	0.09^*	0.11^*	0.09^*	0.10^*	0.11^*	0.10^*	0.12^*	0.12^*	0.09^*	0.07^*	0.08^*	0.14^*	0.19^*	0.03
UL	0.16^*	0.15^*	0.16^*	0.16^*	0.16^*	0.16^*	0.17^*	0.16^*	0.18^*	0.18^*	0.23^*	0.21^*	0.18^*	0.22^*	0.22^*

方差来源	自由度	总方差	方差组成	占总方差百分比/%	p 值
组间	15	564.02	0.55	7	0.001
组内种群间	434	3281.05	0.44	6	0.001
种群内	450	3004.50	6.68	87	0.001
总计	899	6849.57	7.67	100

种群简称	p 值(杂合子过剩)	种群简称	p 值(杂合子过剩)
GX	0.26	GP	0.17
ZJ	0.11	MM	0.02
TQ	0.07	GZ	0.15
BW	0.04	LD	0.26
NX	0.26	ML	0.63
LM	0.02	ZXC	0.08
TL	0.14	HKC	0.00^*
ZL	0.48	UL	0.00^**