Construction and case analysis of ecological control approach for agricultural non-point source pollution in plain river network areas

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2026.01.011

Abstract

Abstract:

Agricultural non-point source pollution in plain river network areas originates from diverse sources and exhibits complex compositions. Although various governance practices have been implemented across regions, accurately selecting ecological control approaches suited to local characteristics remains a pressing challenge. Focusing on the Yangtze River Delta, this research systematically reviews regional experiences in agricultural non-point source pollution control through field investigations; and identifies three core approaches: in-field ecological transformation, pond-field integration, and agro-(forestry-)wetland complexes. To further verify their effectiveness, the study concentrates on pond-field integration and agro-(forestry-)wetland complexes by selecting Qingpu, Jiading, and Songjiang Districts of Shanghai as representative cases. By monitoring water quality before and after centralized treatment of farmland drainage, the reduction rates of major pollutant indicators were quantitatively assessed. The findings provide empirical data and practical reference for the systematic and precise control of agricultural non-point source pollution in the Yangtze River Delta, and offer valuable insights for selecting appropriate approaches in similar plain river network areas.

Key words: non-point source pollution, plain river network area, ecological control approach, nitrogen and phosphorus

CLC Number:

X592

Rui ZHAO, Xiaohua CHEN, Yiyang LIU. Construction and case analysis of ecological control approach for agricultural non-point source pollution in plain river network areas[J]. J* E* C* N* U* N* S*, 2026, 2026(1): 120-131.

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模式类型	案例点位	核心技术特点	适用范围
农田内部生态改造	江苏省常州市武进区雪堰镇	田埂改造: 实施生态型田埂改造; 排口改造: 田块排水口布设促沉净化装置, 排水路径设置叠式生物滤解带, 沟渠、入河口布置人工水草、生物石等填料; 沟渠改造: 改硬质沟渠为生态沟渠, 针对沟田比差异设计节点方案	生态空间资源 (如坑塘、林地、湿地等) 相对匮乏、农业面源污染管控需求较强的集中连片农业区域, 尤其适合传统硬质沟渠比例高、农田排水无序且退水污染物浓度较高的种植区
	江苏省苏州市吴中区光福镇
	江苏省扬州市宝应县
	浙江省嘉兴市桐乡市大麻镇
	浙江省丽水市青田县
	上海市奉贤区庄行镇
	上海市崇明区东平镇
	上海市松江区叶榭镇
塘田一体化	上海市青浦区金泽镇	引入“水塘”作为稻田系统与外部水体间的核心载体, 整合水稻种植区天然分布的沟渠与池塘资源, 构建“田-沟-塘”三位一体	农业种植集中、天然沟渠与池塘资源丰富的平原河网区及南方圩区, 尤其适配周边水体生态敏感、农业面源污染以农田退水为主的区域
	江苏省昆山市高新区
	浙江省嘉兴市嘉善县
	江苏省镇江市丹徒区
	浙江省平湖市曹桥街道
	上海市崇明区农业园区
农 (林) 湿复合	上海市金山区廊下郊野公园	农湿模式是以“农田+湿地”为核心架构的农业面源污染治理模式, 农林湿模式是在农湿模式“农田+湿地”基础上, 融入林地资源形成的进阶治理模式	农业种植集中区, 且周边具备林地、公园等生态或景观空间条件的区域
	上海市嘉定区嘉北郊野公园
	上海市松江区泖港镇
	安徽省六安市金安区东桥镇
	安徽省巢湖市烔炀镇

时期	水质指标	指标浓度/(mg·L^–1)		平均削减率/%
时期	水质指标	进口水质	出口水质	平均削减率/%
非施肥期 (5月31日—6月15日) n=10 (n为样本量)	TN	2.31±0.71	1.67±0.44	27.7
	TP	0.07±0.01	0.05±0.03	28.6
	NH₃-N	0.62±0.51	0.49±0.34	21.0
	SS	15.00±1.41	15.00±0.71	0
施肥期 (6月15日—8月1日) n=16	TN	11.93±6.94	3.02±3.10	74.7
	TP	0.32±0.16	0.07±0.02	78.1
	NH₃-N	9.38±5.16	1.36±2.56	85.5
	SS	17.00±0.71	14.00±0.71	17.6
非施肥期 (8月1—8日) n=10	TN	0.97±0.36	1.34±0.87	–38.1
	TP	0.11±0.03	0.06±0.00	45.5
	NH₃-N	0.36±0.11	0.14±0.04	61.1
	SS	15.00±1.41	13.00±0.71	13.3

生态治理模式	去除效果/%
生态治理模式	TN	TP	NH₃-N
塘田一体化 (n=10)	60.5±22.0	57.3±26.3	68.7±30.6
农湿复合 (n=10)	56.2±22.4	50.8±25.2	61.4±31.0
农林湿复合 (n=11)	57.0±19.1	60.3±16.8	55.6±42.7

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