Developmental toxicity of triphenyltin to Xenopus tropicalis embryo

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2017.02.014

Abstract

Abstract:

Organotin compounds can lead to the unique malformations in vertebrate embryos after waterborne exposure, but the toxicity of organotin compounds to embryos through maternal transfer is still lack. In the present study, Xenopus tropicalis embryos were exposed to triphenyltin (TPT), the agonist (rosiglitazone, Rosi) and antagonist (T0070907) of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) through microinjection. Compared with the control, the survival rates and body length of embryos were significantly decreased in treatment groups. The survival rates were 46.9% (5 ng TPT), 42.7% (80 ng Rosi) and 54.2% (10 ng T0070907). The whole body lengths were reduced by 27% (5 ng TPT), 22% (80 ng Rosi) and 57% (20 ng T0070907). Three chemicals caused a variety of malformations including microcephaly, turbid lens of eyes and small eyes. These results indicated that PPARγ played an important role in embryonic development especially for eyes and brain development of Xenopus tropicalis. The phenotypes of malformation induced by TPT and T0070907 groups were highly identical, which suggested that the toxic mechanism of TPT might be related to PPARγ. After TPT treatment, brain and eye marker gene expression in embryos at stage20 and stage25 was detected using whole mount in situ hybridization. The results showed that en2, bf1, krox20 and pax6 expression regions were gradually decreased with the increase of the TPT doses. Quantitative PCR results further confirmed that TPT could affect the head and eye marker gene expression in neural and early tailbud stages. All the results indicated that organotin compounds showed high teratogenicity and neurotoxicity to vertebrate embryos.

Key words: triphenyltin, developmental toxicity, microinjection, Xenopus tropicalis, embryo

CLC Number:

WU Li-jiao, ZHU Jing-min, HU Ling-ling, SHI Hua-hong. Developmental toxicity of triphenyltin to Xenopus tropicalis embryo[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc, 2017, 2017(2): 107-115.

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