Spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and respiratory exposure risk of PCDD/Fs in Shanghai, China

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2024.06.011

Abstract

Abstract:

In this study, a coupled Weather Research and Forecasting-Community Multiscale Air Quality (WRF-CMAQ) model was developed to analyze the atmospheric transport of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs) in the megacity of Shanghai, and the population’s exposure to them. The results showed that 69.88% of the simulated values are within 0.5 to 2 times the observed values, indicating good accuracy. In 2019, the highest PCDD/Fs pollution levels in Shanghai’s atmosphere were observed in winter, followed by fall and spring. The lowest levels occurred in summer, with respective mass concentrations of 847.08, 629.53, 588.38, and 406.96 fg/m³ and respective TEQ concentrations of 59.29, 44.46, 40.80, and 28.08 fg I-TEQ/m³. The areas most polluted with atmospheric PCDD/Fs were Yangzi, Yangzhou, and Shanghai. Fs were found in Yangpu, Hongkou, Huangpu, Jing'an, Baoshan, Jinshan, and Songjiang. The respiratory exposure of Shanghai residents to PCDD/Fs followed the trend of adolescents > elderly > middle-aged people, with 10.67, 8.86, and 8.47 fg I-TEQ/(kg·d), and the risk of exposure was within the acceptable range. The contribution of local emission sources is much larger than that of foreign emission sources, indicating that local industrial production processes and combustion activities mainly cause atmospheric PCDD/Fs pollution in Shanghai.

Key words: polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs), spatial distribution, seasonal variation, inhalation exposure, source analysis

CLC Number:

P951

Ying LI, Ye HUANG, Ye LI, Min LIU. Spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and respiratory exposure risk of PCDD/Fs in Shanghai, China[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science), 2024, 2024(6): 124-135.

Figures/Tables 10

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Table 1

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区域	呼吸暴露量/(fg I-TEQ/(kg·d))				CR	NCR
区域	幼儿 (3 ~ 6岁)	成年人 (20 ~ 59岁)	老年人 (60岁及以上)	全年龄段	CR	NCR
上海市	10.67	8.47	8.86	8.74	1.1 × 10^–6	1.1 × 10^–7
黄浦区	13.99	11.11	11.62	11.46	1.4 × 10^–6	1.5 × 10^–7
徐汇区	10.33	8.20	8.58	8.48	1.0 × 10^–6	1.1 × 10^–7
长宁区	9.85	7.82	8.18	8.07	9.8 × 10^–7	1.1 × 10^–7
静安区	13.88	11.02	11.53	11.40	1.4 × 10^–6	1.5 × 10^–7
普陀区	10.61	8.42	8.81	8.71	1.1 × 10^–6	1.1 × 10^–7
虹口区	16.96	13.47	14.09	13.90	1.7 × 10^–6	1.8 × 10^–7
杨浦区	23.51	18.66	19.52	19.28	2.3 × 10^–6	2.5 × 10^–7
闵行区	9.55	7.58	7.93	7.84	9.5 × 10^–7	1.0 × 10^–7
宝山区	12.79	10.15	10.62	10.49	1.3 × 10^–6	1.4 × 10^–7
嘉定区	10.48	8.32	8.70	8.58	1.0 × 10^–6	1.1 × 10^–7
浦东新区	12.48	9.91	10.37	10.25	1.2 × 10^–6	1.3 × 10^–7
金山区	12.60	10.01	10.47	10.32	1.3 × 10^–6	1.3 × 10^–7
松江区	12.55	9.96	10.42	10.29	1.2 × 10^–6	1.3 × 10^–7
青浦区	10.73	8.52	8.91	8.76	1.1 × 10^–6	1.1 × 10^–7
奉贤区	9.26	7.35	7.69	7.58	9.2 × 10^–7	9.8 × 10^–8
崇明区	8.46	6.72	7.03	6.93	8.4 × 10^–7	9.1 × 10^–8

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