Morphological evolution and human activities impacts at the mouth area of the North Branch, Yangtze estuary, during the recent three decades

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2015.04.005

Abstract

Abstract: In order to enrich the knowledge of landocean interaction, this paper examined the recent accretion and erosion at the mouth area of the North Branch, the Yangtze Estuary, based on bathymetric and remote sensing data and using ArcGIS techniques. The results show that: (1) from 1981 to 1997, 13 km2 of intertidal area was reclaimed; an average accretion rate of 1.4 cm/yr was observed in the subtidal area. (2) from 1997 to 2012, 163 km2 of intertidal zone was embanked, and an average erosion rate of -7.1 cm/a was found in the subtidal area. (3) Between 1981 and 2012, an average accretion rate of 0.77 cm/a was found in the inner portion, and an average erosion rate of -1.97 cm/a occurred in the outer portion. We concluded that the morphological evolution in the study area was controlled by three factors—the silting trend of the North Branch, the intertidal accretionpromoting projects, and dam construction within the Yangtze watersheds. During the recent 15 years, human activities were the dominant factor.

Key words: estuary, geomorphology, erosion and accretion, north branch of the yangtze river, human impacts

CLC Number:

K903

WANG Ru-sheng,YANG Shi-lun,LUO Xiang-xin,LU Ye-feng,MIAO Li-min.
Morphological evolution and human activities impacts at the mouth area of the North Branch, Yangtze estuary, during the recent three decades[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Sc, 2015, 2015(4): 34-41.

References

［1］SYVITSKI J P M, KETTNER A J, OVEREEM I, et al. Sinking deltas due to human activities［J］. Nature Geoscience 2, 2009,2(10):681686.

［2］YANG S L, MILLIMAN J D, LI P, et al. 50 000 dams later: Erosion of the Yangtze River and its delta［J］. Global and Planetary Change, 2011,75(1):1420.

［3］COLEMAN J M, ROBERT H H, STONE G W. Mississippi River delta: an overview［J］. Journal of Coastal Research, 1998,14(3):698716.

［4］钱春林.引滦工程对滦河三角洲的影响［J］. 地理学报, 1994,49(2):158166.

［5］罗宪林,李春初,罗章仁.海南岛南渡江三角洲的废弃与侵蚀［J］. 海洋学报, 2000,22(3):5560.

［6］陈沈良,张国安,谷国传.黄河三角洲海岸强侵蚀机理及治理对策［J］. 水利学报, 2004(7):16.

［7］李安龙,李广雪,曹立华,等.黄河三角洲废弃叶瓣海岸侵蚀与岸线演化［J］. 地理学报, 2004,59(5):731737.

［8］BIUN M D, ROBERTS H H. Drowning of the mississippi delta due to insufficient sediment supply and global sealevel rise. Nature Geoscience 2, 2009,2(7)488491.

［9］LIU F, YANG Q S, CHEN S L, et al. Temporal and spatial variability of sediment flux into the sea from the three largest rivers in China［J］. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2014,87:102115.

［10］MILLIMAN J D, FARNSWORTH K L. River discharge to the coastal ocean: A global synthesis［M］. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011. 

［11］YANG S L, ZHAO Q Y, BELKIN I M. Temporal variation in the sediment load of the Yangtze River and the influences of the human activities［J］. Journal of Hydrology, 2002, 263(1):5671.

［12］YANG S L, ZHANG J, ZHU J, et al. Impact of dams on Yangtze River sediment supply to the sea and delta intertidal wetland response［J］. Journal of Geophysical Research, 2005, 110(F03006):112.

［13］GAO S, WANG Y P. Changes in material fluxes from the Changjiang River and their implications on the adjoining continental shelf ecosystem［J］. Continental Shelf Research, 2008, 28(12):14901500. 

［14］YANG S L, BELKIN I M, BELKINAC A I, et al. Delta response to decline in sediment supply from the Yangtze River: Evidence of the recent four decades and expectations for the next halfcentury［J］. Estuarine Coastal Shelf Science, 2003,57(4):689699.

［15］李鹏, 杨世伦, 戴仕宝, 等. 近年长江口水下三角洲的冲淤变化——兼论三峡工程蓄水的影响［J］. 地理学报, 2007,62(7):707716.

［16］杜景龙, 杨世伦, 陈广平. 30多年来人类活动对长江三角洲前缘滩涂冲淤演变的影响［J］. 海洋通报, 2013,32(3):296302.

［17］钮新强, 徐建益, 李玉中.长江水沙变化对河口水下三角洲发育影响的研究［J］. 人民长江, 2005, 36(8):3133.

［18］刘苍字, 陈吉余, 戴志军. 河口地貌. 中国自然地理系列专著: 中国地貌［M］. 北京: 科学出版社, 2013.

［19］吴晗. 长江水下三角洲的侵蚀潜力探讨［D］. 上海:华东师范大学河口海岸科学研究院，2014.

［20］曹民雄, 高正荣, 胡金义. 长江口北支水道水沙特征分析［J］. 人民长江, 2003,34(12):3437.

［21］吴华林, 沈焕庭, 胡辉, 等. GIS 支持下的长江口拦门沙泥沙冲淤定量计算［J］. 海洋学报, 2002, 24(2):8493.

［22］LIU Y X, LI M C, ZHOU M X, et al. Quantitative analysis of the waterline method for topographical mapping of tidal flats: A case study in the Dongsha Sandbank, China［J］. Remote Sensing, 2013, 5(11):61386158.

［23］赵希涛, 耿秀山, 张景文. 中国东部20000年来的海平面变化［J］. 海洋学报, 1979,1(2):269280.

［24］陈吉余, 恽才兴, 徐海根, 等. 两千年来长江河口发育的模式［J］. 海洋学报, 1979,1(1):103111.

［25］恽才兴. 长江河口近期演变基本规律［M］. 北京:海洋出版社, 2004.

［26］李伯昌, 余文畴, 陈鹏, 等. 长江口北支近期水流泥沙输移及含盐度的变化特性［J］. 水资源保护, 2011, 27(4):3134.

［27］史立人, 魏特, 沈蕙漱. 长江入海泥沙扩散与北支淤积［J］. 长江水利水电科学研究院院报, 1985, (2):819.

［28］张长清, 曹华. 长江口北支河床演变趋势探析［J］. 人民长江, 1998, 29(2):3234.

［29］ZHU C, WANG Z H, XUE B, et al. Characterizing the depositional settings for sedimentary organic matter distributions in the Lower Yangtze RiverEast China Sea Shelf System［J］. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2011, 93(3):182191.

［30］MILLIMAN J D, SHEN H T, YANG Z S, et al. Transport and deposition of river sediment in the Changjiang Estuary and adjacent continental shelf［J］. Continental Shelf Research, 1985, 4(12):3745.

［31］杨世伦, 朱骏, 赵庆英. 长江供沙量减少对水下三角洲发育影响的初步研究［J］. 海洋学报, 2003, 25(5):8391.

［32］刘升发, 石学法, 刘焱光, 等. 东海内陆架泥质区沉积速率［J］. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2009, 29(6):17.

[1]	Yuyi WANG, Ye HUANG, Jing YANG, Fangfang DING, Tianhao HE, Yushan LI, Lin HUANG, Ye LI, Min LIU. Spatiotemporal differential distribution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of antibiotics in the Yangtze River Estuary and offshore areas [J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science), 2024, 2024(6): 136-150.
[2]	Hao CHEN, Xianqiang HE, Run LI, Fang CAO. Machine learning-based remote sensing retrievals of dissolved organic carbon in the Yangtze River Estuary [J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science), 2024, 2024(4): 123-136.
[3]	Jiaming CHEN, Shiming WANG, Rongrong YANG, Ziyan CHEN, Xia LIANG, Lijun HOU. Temperature adaptability of dark carbon fixation in seawater fromthe Yangtze River Estuary [J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science), 2024, 2024(1): 104-112.
[4]	Chunhua JIANG, Jinxu YI, Lixin ZHU, Kai LIU, Changxing ZONG, Daoji LI. Comparative study of the vertical distribution characteristics of microplastics and sampling methods for microplastics in the water column: A case study in the Jiulong River estuary [J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science), 2024, 2024(1): 79-89.
[5]	Zhi JIN, Jianrong ZHU, Wei QIU. Effects of cascade reservoirs in the Yangtze River Basin on estuarine saltwater intrusion and freshwater resources during late summer and early autumn [J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science), 2024, 2024(1): 90-103.
[6]	Wei QIU, Jianrong ZHU. Responses of saltwater intrusion in the Changjiang Estuary to various river discharge under a persistent and strong northerly wind [J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science), 2023, 2023(3): 132-146.
[7]	Zhiyong YOU, Bolin LIU, Cheng LIU, Dengzhou GAO. Temperature sensitivity and controlling factors of nitrogen fixation processes in sediments of the Yangtze River Estuary [J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science), 2022, 2022(3): 101-108.
[8]	Zhipeng LI, Jianrong ZHU. Numerical simulation of the North Branch regime change impact on saltwater intrusion in the Yangtze River Estuary from 2007 to 2016 [J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science), 2022, 2022(3): 109-124.
[9]	Jinghua GU, Jianrong ZHU, Cheng QIU, Rui YUAN, Zhipeng LI, Wei QIU, Zhi JIN. Analysis of the long-term evolution of saltwater intrusion in the Changjiang Estuary [J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science), 2021, 2021(6): 174-186.
[10]	Yunping SONG, Jianrong ZHU. Numerical simulation and analysis of the spatial and temporal variations in residual water levels of the Changjiang Estuary [J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science), 2021, 2021(4): 121-133.
[11]	Yiping ZHU. Analysis of the characteristics of the Qingcaosha Reservoir direct saltwater intrusion from the open sea in the Changjiang Estuary [J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science), 2021, 2021(2): 21-29.
[12]	Can GE, Weiguo ZHANG. Magnetic properties of particle-sized fractions of sediments in the Changjiang Estuary and neighboring shelf, and its environmental implications [J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science), 2021, 2021(2): 30-41.
[13]	Zhengdong YANG, Jianrong ZHU, Yunping SONG, Jinghua GU. Spatial and temporal variations in the residual water level of the Changjiang Estuary and its cause [J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science), 2021, 2021(2): 12-20.
[14]	LU Jiayu, GE Jianzhong, DING Pingxing. A discussion on the diversion process of tide-dominated estuary bifurcation: The North Branch estuary of the Yangtze River [J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science), 2020, 2020(3): 1-12.
[15]	ZHU Jianrong, LU Peiyi, TANG Chuanmin, CHEN Qing, Lü Hanghang. Numerical simulation of saltwater intrusion mitigation by building a sluice in the North Branch of the Changjiang Estuary [J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science), 2020, 2020(3): 13-22.