This study developed a one-step spraying method using an aqueous solution of SiO2 particles to prepare SiO2/PET fabrics with saturated and uniform structural colors. The color brightness and uniformity were significantly improved by optimizing the treatment temperature, pH of the colloidal solution, and by introducing a small amount of ethanol. This method would promote the applications of structural colored fabrics because using water would reduce both environmental pollution and production cost.
As essential signaling molecules in biological systems, carbohydrates are involved in several vital physiological and pathological processes via specific recognition by receptors. Hence, nanomaterials comprising carbohydrates are crucial for deciphering and regulating biological processes. A non-covalent assembly process can conveniently yield carbohydrate-based nanomaterials owing to the unique merits of simplicity and controllability of the process. This review summarizes the construction and application of glyco-based functional materials through host-guest interactions and coordination-driven self-assembly processes. Additionally, their potential challenges and future directions are highlighted with the aim of improving understanding on carbohydrate-related physiological and pathological processes.
Sulfate ionic liquids, a new type of ionic liquid, are formed by the combination of sulfate anions and organic cations. Sulfate ionic liquids are important because of their unique characteristics, such as a lack of halogen ions, extremely low vapor pressure, high thermal stability, a high viscosity index, low isothermal compressibility, selective solubility, and good biocompatibility. In this paper, the recent progress in sulfate ionic liquids is reviewed, with focus on one-step and two-step synthetic methods. The physicochemical parameters, such as the density, viscosity, refractive index, surface tension, isothermal compression coefficient, and sound conduction, are summarized, and the effects of the physicochemical properties of sulfate ionic liquids, such as the length of the alkyl chains with anionic and cationic groups, are discussed. The sulfate ionic liquids discussed in this review could be used in various fields as new environmentally friendly solvents, extractants, catalysts, lubricating materials, gas absorption materials, and to separate or dope composite materials.
In this study, the electron-deficient pyridinium group and the naphthalene fluorophore were simultaneously introduced to a bipyridyl-containing Zr(Ⅳ) metal-organic framework (MOF) by the N-alkylation post-synthetic modification. The obtained ionic MOF, Zr-bpy-MNap, is nonluminous in the pristine state but shows selective fluorescence turn-on responses to some solvents and ammonia. Test papers were prepared using the MOF for the identification of solvents and detection of ammonia in air. The fluorescence turn-on response is considered to be due to complex host-guest interactions and solvation effects. The MOF is non-fluorescent due to the quenching effects of the host-guest communications between the bromide ion and the framework. On exposure to some solvents or ammonia, the quenching mechanisms are weakened or destroyed by the solvation of bromide or host-guest interactions between ammonia and the framework, resulting in fluorescence turn-on responses. The fluorescence originates from the charge-transfer transition between the naphthyl group and the electron-deficient framework.
The design of efficient and stable supported metal catalysts to prevent metal species from sintering into large nanoparticles under harsh preparation and reaction conditions is key for various important processes, including the conversion of C1 resources and dehydrogenation of low carbon alkanes to C2 and C3 olefins. Zeolites with uniform subnano micropores and various three-dimensional crystalline structures have been proven as ideal supports for preparing highly efficient and stable metal catalysts via encapsulating subnanometric metal clusters within their pores, cages, and channels. Interactions between metal clusters and the zeolite skeleton can regulate their geometric and electronic structure. The development of zeolite-confined subnanometric cluster catalysts aims to take advantage of this joint confinement effect and induce synergy between guest metal species and active sites in host zeolite frameworks. This can further improve the catalytic activity of resultant composite catalysts, for applications in multiple catalytic reaction processes . In this review, typical preparation methods of zeolite-confined subnanometric clusters and their catalytic applications in selective hydrogenation of CO2 and alkynes, hydrogen generation by formic acid decomposition and ammonia borane hydrolysis, and propane dehydrogenation to propene are discussed.
中国综合性科技类核心期刊(北大核心)
