Research on the impact of a typhoon on the accretion-erosion of mudflats: Based on UAV photogrammetry and in situ hydrodynamic measurements

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2024.04.014

Abstract

Abstract:

Extreme events such as typhoons can change mudflats by tens of centimeters. It is important for coastal management and ecosystem maintenance to recognize changes in accretion-erosion during typhoons and to understand the mechanisms driving it. In this study, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry based on the Structure-from-Motion (SfM) algorithm was used to generate Digital Elevation Models (DEM) of a mudflat in Eastern Chongming, Yangtze Estuary, before and after the passage of Typhoon “In-Fa” (July 2021). Hydrodynamic measurements were conducted from bare flats to marshes to explore the mechanisms of DEM changes. Changes in accretion-erosion observed by UAV photogrammetry presented an obvious zonation of eroded bare flats and accreted marshes. The accuracy of the DEMs is 4.1 cm. Under the impact of the typhoon, the erosion of the bare flat and the accretion of the marsh have a amplitude of ±32 cm. During typhoons, the wave height and water depth in the bare flat increases to the condition of wave breaking, and the surface sediment is eroded and carried by rising tides. But in marshes, the sediment carrying capacity of water columns decreases, and the sediments are deposited. Consequently, the mudflat presents an obvious zonation of accretion-erosion. This study provides a new perspective for deeply understanding the impact of typhoons on the accretion-erosion of mudflats by combining UAV photogrammetry and hydrodynamic measurements.

Key words: typhoon, UAV photogrammetry, accretion-erosion changes, field measurement, mechanism of accretion-erosion

CLC Number:

TP79
P229

Xinmiao ZHANG, Liming XUE, Benwei SHI, Wenxiang ZHANG, Tianyou LI, Biaobiao PENG, Xiuzhen LI, Yaping WANG. Research on the impact of a typhoon on the accretion-erosion of mudflats: Based on UAV photogrammetry and in situ hydrodynamic measurements[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science), 2024, 2024(4): 150-160.

Figures/Tables 6

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仪器名称	位置	距底高度/m	时间间隔/min	频率/Hz	Burst时长/s
ADV	一号点、二号点	0.25	5	16	256
RBR-Wave	一号点、二号点	0.10	5	4	256
OBS-3A	一号点	0.10	5	1	20
RBR-Tu	二号点	0.10	5	2	40

方法类别	观测方法	优点	缺点	观测形态
传统方法	标志桩、双桩法、SET	高精度 (厘米级)	低观测效率; 台风后易丢失	点、线
现场观测方法	GNSS-RTK	高精度 (厘米级)	低观测效率
地质学方法	台风沉积记录	适合长时间尺度研究	定量较为困难
遥感方法	卫星遥感水边线法 (WDM)、干涉孔径合成雷达 (InSAR)	大面积; 无需对植被进行处理	低精度 (分米-米级别); 运行周期长; 云上飞行	面
	地面激光雷达 (TLS)	高精度 (厘米级)	操作不简便, 携带不轻便; 高成本; 需对植被进行过滤
	机载激光雷达 (ALS)	高精度 (厘米级); 高效率; 易携带、易操作	高成本; 需对植被进行过滤
	RTK无人机摄影测量	高精度 (厘米级); 高效率; 易携带、易操作; 低成本	需对植被进行过滤

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