华东师范大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 2026 ›› Issue (3): 44-55.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2026.03.004

• 碳循环过程与有机质特征 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄河口、长江口及其邻近海域水体荧光溶解有机物特征与来源解析

林秋汛1, 吴博双1, 杜光月1, 付宇轩1, 潘一凡1, 漆梦婷2, 宋振阳1, 周永强3, 李小飞1,2,*()   

  1. 1. 华东师范大学 河口海岸全国重点实验室, 上海　200241
    2. 华东师范大学 地理科学学院 地理信息科学教育部重点实验室, 上海　200241
    3. 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 湖泊与流域水安全全国重点实验室, 南京　210008
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-17 接受日期:2025-11-05 出版日期:2026-05-25 发布日期:2026-05-27
  • 通讯作者: 李小飞 E-mail:xfli@sklec.ecnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划 (2023YFC3208404); 国家自然科学基金 (42422604)

Characteristics and associated sources of fluorescent dissolved organic matter in the Yellow River Estuary, the Changjiang River Estuary and their adjacent seas

Qiuxun LIN1, Boshuang WU1, Guangyue DU1, Yuxuan FU1, Yifan PAN1, Mengting QI2, Zhenyang SONG1, Yongqiang ZHOU3, Xiaofei LI1,2,*()   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai　200241, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai　200241, China
    3. State Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing　210008, China
  • Received:2025-01-17 Accepted:2025-11-05 Online:2026-05-25 Published:2026-05-27
  • Contact: Xiaofei LI E-mail:xfli@sklec.ecnu.edu.cn

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摘要：

结合野外采样和室内分析, 研究了2024年7月黄河口、长江口及其邻近海域水体荧光溶解有机物 (Fluorescent Dissolved Organic Matter, FDOM) 特征指数、来源及其与营养盐的关系. 结果表明, 黄河口、长江口及其邻近海域的荧光指数分别为2.71~4.45和3.22~5.69, 生物源指数变化范围分别在1.75~3.48和1.49~4.81, 说明FDOM以藻类或自养微生物等内源输入为主. 黄河口、长江口及其邻近海域的腐殖化指数为0.22~0.85和0.10~1.14, 表明水体有机物腐殖化程度较低, 呈现较强的自生源特征. 空间变化上, 黄河口、长江口及其邻近海域的荧光指数和生物源指数向远岸逐渐升高, 腐殖化指数逐步降低, 进一步表明河口有机物向海自生源增强, 腐殖化程度减弱. 长江口及其邻近海域的FDOM和荧光指数显著高于黄河口及其邻近海域, 表明长江口及其邻近海域水体的FDOM含量比黄河口高, 且生物自生来源占比更高. 荧光指数和生物源指数与无机氮、磷酸盐和硅酸盐呈显著负相关, 腐殖化指数则与营养盐呈显著正相关, 这表明FDOM归趋受到营养盐输入的影响. 因此, 河口大量营养盐的输入会对FDOM造成影响, 极大地改变河口区的有机质组成特征和水环境质量.

关键词: 荧光溶解有机物, 营养盐, 黄河口, 长江口

Abstract:

Fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) indices, sources, and their relationships with nutrients in the Yellow River Estuary, the Changjiang River Estuary and their adjacent seas in July 2024 were investigated through field sampling and laboratory analysis. The fluorescence index ranged from 2.71 to 4.45 in the Yellow River Estuary and its adjacent sea and from 3.22 to 5.69 in the Changjiang River Estuary and its adjacent sea. The biological index values were 1.75~3.48 and 1.49~4.81, respectively, indicating that autochthonous sources contributed most to the organic matter. The humification index of the Yellow River Estuary, the Changjiang River Estuary and their adjacent seas ranged from 0.22 to 0.85 and 0.10 to 1.14, respectively, suggesting weak humification and strong autogenic processes. Spatially, the fluorescence index and biological index increased while the humification index decreased toward the sea, indicating that organic matter is primarily driven by autochthonous production with minimal humification. The FDOM and fluorescence index were significantly higher in the Changjiang River Estuary than in the Yellow River Estuary, suggesting greater concentrations of organic matter and more substantial autochthonous sources in the Changjiang River Estuary and its adjacent sea. The fluorescence index and biological index were significantly negatively correlated with nutrient concentrations, while the humification index was positively correlated with nutrients. These results indicate that nutrient inputs significantly influence FDOM, further altering the organic matter composition and water quality in estuaries.

Key words: fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM), nutrients, Yellow River Estuary, Changjiang River Estuary

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