A wide-range high-efficiency peak-current-mode Buck DC-DC converter based on adaptive quadratic slope compensation

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2026.02.009

Abstract

Abstract:

This paper presents a high-efficiency peak current-mode (PCM) Buck DC-DC converter utilizing adaptive quadratic slope compensation. The proposed design generates tailored adaptive slope voltages across wide ranges of input voltage, output voltage, load current, and switching frequency, resulting in excellent transient performance. Fabricated in a 55 nm BCD process, the chip occupies a compact core area of only 0.186 mm². It supports an input voltage range of 3.7~5.0 V, an output voltage range of 1.5~3.5 V, a maximum load current of 1.00 A, and a switching frequency configurable from 1.0 MHz to 4.0 MHz. The converter achieves a peak efficiency of 96.0%, maintains efficiency above 93.0% at 1.00 A output current, and delivers over 90.0% efficiency across the load range from 0.03 A to 1.00 A. Post-layout simulation results confirm that the proposed compensation technique exhibits strong adaptability under varied application configurations.

Key words: adaptive slope compensation, high-efficiency, peak current mode, buck DC-DC converter

CLC Number:

TN432

Xuyang LI, Xiaodi ZHOU, Yanwen WU, Songmao HAO, Chunqi SHI. A wide-range high-efficiency peak-current-mode Buck DC-DC converter based on adaptive quadratic slope compensation[J]. J* E* C* N* U* N* S*, 2026, 2026(2): 95-107.

Figures/Tables 17

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Fig.8

Fig.9

Fig.10

Table 1

Fig.11

Fig.12

Fig.13

Fig.14

Fig.15

Fig.16

References 17

1	蒋文超. 基于电流模式的Buck型DC-DC转换器的研究与设计 [D]. 南京: 南京邮电大学, 2022.
2	周航. 应用于物联网设备的低功耗同步降压转换器芯片设计 [D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2023.
3	曾舜. 一款宽输入输出范围的峰值电流模Buck变换器控制芯片 [D]. 武汉: 华中科技大学, 2023.
4	朱凯. 一款低功耗低纹波降压型DC-DC转换器设计 [D]. 南京: 南京理工大学, 2022.
5	陈春鹏. Buck DC/DC变换器芯片的研究与设计 [D]. 西安: 西安电子科技大学, 2009.
6	YANG C C, WANG C Y, KUO T H. Current-mode converters with adjustable-slope compensating ramp [C]// APCCAS 2006 - 2006 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems. IEEE, 2007: 654-657.
7	CHEN W W, CHEN J F, LIANG T J, et al.. Designing a dynamic ramp with an invariant inductor in current-mode control for an on-chip buck converter. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2014, 29 (2): 750- 758.
8	韩晓波, 罗萍, 寇武杰, 等.. 一种自适应开关频率的斜坡补偿电路. 微电子学, 2017, 47 (3): 379- 382.
9	LIU P H, YAN Y Y, LEE F C, et al. External ramp autotuning for current mode control of switching converters [C]// 2013 Twenty-Eighth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC). IEEE, 2013: 276-280.
10	HAN X Y, XIE L, JIN X L. Adaptive slope compensation for improving load capability [C]// 2022 7th International Conference on Integrated Circuits and Microsystems (ICICM). IEEE, 2023: 214-218.
11	BESHARATI RAD A, KARGARAN M, MOOSAVI S M R, et al.. An ultra-low-noise buck converter for noise-sensitive applications. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2024, 39 (2): 2169- 2179.
12	KAWABATA C, SUGIMOTO Y. A current-mode DC-DC converter using a quadratic slope compensation scheme [C]// 2009 Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference. IEEE, 2009: 113-114.
13	夏泽中, 李远正, 陶小鹏.. 峰值电流模式斜坡补偿电路研究. 电力电子技术, 2008, 42 (12): 71- 73.
14	代国定, 欧健, 马任月, 等.. 提高带载能力的高稳定性自适应斜坡补偿电路. 电子科技大学学报, 2014, 43 (2): 226- 230.
15	陈君飞. 电流模式DC-DC降压稳压器芯片的研究与设计 [D]. 上海: 复旦大学, 2011.
16	LI Y Y, XU C J, GUO W, et al.. A high-precision current-limiting scheme for current-mode DC-DC buck converter. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2025, 41 (1): 743- 753.
17	CHO Y K, KIM M D, KIM C Y.. A low switching noise and high-efficiency buck converter using a continuous-time reconfigurable delta-sigma modulator. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2018, 33 (12): 10501- 10511.

参数		本研究	TPEL 2026^[16]	TPEL 2024^[11]	ICICM 2022^[10]	TPEL 2018^[17]
工艺		55 nm BCD	0.18 μm BCD	0.18 μm BCD	0.18 μm BCD	0.18 μm BCD
面积/mm²		0.186	4.000	6.100	NA	0.670
输入电压/V		3.7~5.0	4.5~60.0	8.0~45.0	4.5~30.0	2.5~5.5
输出电压/V		1.5~3.5	5.0	1.0~12.0	3.3	1.0~2.4
最大负载电流/A		1.00	5.00	2.50	1.40	1.00
峰值效率/%		96.0	95.6	95.0	92.0	95.4
开关频率/MHz		1.0~4.0	0.1~1.2	0.9~1.1	2.0	3.7~15.0
负载瞬态响应	负载切换电流/A	0.10~1.00	0.50~4.50	0.30~2.30	0.15~1.40	0.01~0.60
	上冲电压/mV	73	192	100	114	110
	上冲恢复时间/μs	24	44	16	19	20
	下冲电压/mV	84	104	100	124	100

[1]	Shixiang DING, Songmao HAO, Chunqi SHI. High-efficiency, tri-mode, low-EMI synchronized buck DC-DC converter [J]. J* E* C* N* U* N* S*, 2026, 2026(2): 82-94.
[2]	Leying CAO, Yangyang WANG, Yuxin SHU, Runxi ZHANG. A 70.3~86.6 GHz broadband low-noise amplifier utilizing source-gate-coupled-transformer technique [J]. J* E* C* N* U* N* S*, 2026, 2026(2): 71-81.
[3]	Ruohan WANG, Chunqi SHI. A 23.7~35.8 GHz wideband low-noise amplifier for 5G millimeter-wave communication [J]. J* E* C* N* U* N* S*, 2026, 2026(2): 48-58.
[4]	Kangjie ZHAO, Can LIU, Runxi ZHANG. A high-power wideband digital Doherty power amplifier for Wi-Fi 6 [J]. J* E* C* N* U* N* S*, 2026, 2026(2): 35-47.
[5]	Yang ZHOU, Zhe’ao JIANG, Yue ZHU, Runxi ZHANG. Design of a K-band array antenna with high isolation and broadband gain [J]. J* E* C* N* U* N* S*, 2026, 2026(2): 25-34.
[6]	Yingjian HAO, Yukun CHENG, Jingqian WANG, Leilei HUANG. SAR imaging algorithm and hardware implementation based on FFT dimensionality reduction and sub-bin compensation [J]. J* E* C* N* U* N* S*, 2026, 2026(2): 187-198.
[7]	Yukun CHENG, Yingjian HAO, Jingqian WANG, Leilei HUANG. A high-speed adaptive γ filtering hardware implementation scheme for back projection imaging [J]. J* E* C* N* U* N* S*, 2026, 2026(2): 176-186.
[8]	Zhixin YIN, Ying LIU, Beibei XING, Leilei HUANG, Runxi ZHANG. Data-compression method for full-dimension data in FMCW radar systems and its hardware implementation [J]. J* E* C* N* U* N* S*, 2026, 2026(2): 164-175.
[9]	Zihao REN, Cong ZHANG, Yang YANG, Chunqi SHI. Analog-baseband circuit with large dynamic range and fine-grained gain control for 77-GHz millimeter-wave radar systems [J]. J* E* C* N* U* N* S*, 2026, 2026(2): 139-150.
[10]	Can LIU, Kangjie ZHAO, Runxi ZHANG. A high-energy-efficiency and high-linearity digital transmitter based on switched capacitor power amplifier (SCPA) for Wi-Fi communications [J]. J* E* C* N* U* N* S*, 2026, 2026(2): 12-24.
[11]	Yangyang WANG, Leying CAO, Zhe’ao JIANG, Runxi ZHANG. A 28 GHz high power density and high gain Doherty power amplifier [J]. J* E* C* N* U* N* S*, 2026, 2026(2): 1-11.