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    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)    2023, 2023 (6): 0-x.  
    Abstract145)   HTML15)    PDF (365KB)(1281)      
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    Treatment of industrial park wastewater using a combination of hydrolysis acidification, anaerobic-anoxic-oxic-anoxic-oxic, and Fenton oxidation technology
    Yanjie HUANG, Guoyi ZHENG, Huayong YU, Hanbin ZHU, Fudong YU, Jing WANG, Xuchao SUN, Jiguang YIN, Lei AN, Yuanyuan LIN
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)    2024, 2024 (1): 29-35.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2024.01.004
    Abstract240)   HTML13)    PDF (880KB)(294)      

    Industrial park wastewater is characterized by various components, changeable water quality, complex pollutant factors, poor biodegradability, and high emission standards. A full-scale industrial park wastewater treatment plant in Deqing was used as an example to investigate the technical-economic feasibility of a process combining hydrolysis acidification, anaerobic-anoxic-oxic-anoxic-oxic (A2/O+AO), and Fenton oxidation in treating wastewater from various enterprises, primarily printing and dyeing, food manufacturing, and metal processing factories. The effluent chemical oxygen demand, ammoniacal nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus stably met the required discharge limits for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants (DB33/2169—2018), while other indicators reached Grade A standard for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants (GB18918—2002). The engineering investment and actual operation costs of the wastewater treatment plant were 8200 and 2.39 yuan/m3, respectively.

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    A review on the application of slow-release oxygen materials in the remediation of polluted rivers and lakes
    Yang CAO, Dungang GU, Guanghui LI, Minsheng HUANG, Wenhui HE
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)    2024, 2024 (1): 9-16.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2024.01.002
    Abstract256)   HTML22)    PDF (623KB)(280)      

    Oxygen-releasing materials are often used in the treatment and restoration of urban waters as an important method to enhance dissolved oxygen. The development of materials with slow-release property can improve the durability and stability of oxygen release in practical engineering. This paper reviews the preparation methods and oxygen release performance of the slow-release oxygen materials reported in recent years. Moreover, the effects and mechanisms of slow-release oxygen materials on the occurrence, migration, and transformation of pollutants such as nutrients in sediments and overlying water of rivers and lakes are reviewed. Finally, prospects and suggestions for the application of slow-release oxygen materials in the remediation of rivers and lakes are proposed.

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    Species and life cycles report on Tettigoniidea and Gryllidea in Minhang District, Shanghai
    Zhuqing HE, Xinyi LIAO
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)    2023, 2023 (6): 119-124.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2023.06.011
    Abstract759)   HTML10)    PDF (1055KB)(276)      

    This research study focuses on Tettigoniidea and Gryllidea insects distributed across Shanghai Pujiang Country Park, with data collected twice a month from April to December of Year 2020 and 2021. The results show that 8 species of Tettigonioidea, 16 species of Grylloidea, and 1 species of Gryllotalpidae live in Shanghai Pujiang Country Park. The adult phase and voltinism in their life cycles, moreover, were found to be stable. Most Tettigoniidea and Gryllidea tend to overwinter in soil as diapause eggs, and a proportion of them overwinter as nymphs. The research suggests, furthermore, that using the calling songs of Tettigoniidea and Gryllidea can be a simple and effective way to carry out studies about phenology and ecology of singing insect.

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    A survey on the cell theory of weighted Coxeter groups
    Jianyi SHI, Qian HUANG
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)    2023, 2023 (6): 1-13.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2023.06.001
    Abstract225)   HTML20)    PDF (1429KB)(252)      

    We give a survey on the contribution of our research group to the cell theory of weighted Coxeter groups. We present some detailed account for the description of cells of the affine Weyl group $ \widetilde{C}_n $ in the quasi-split case and a brief account for that of the affine Weyl group $ \widetilde{B}_n $ in the quasi-split case and of the weighted universal Coxeter group in general case.

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    Comparative evaluations of testing methods for the biodegradation rates of degradable materials
    Wei ZHAO, Yu LI, Wei ZHANG, Kehua ZHU, Ke ZHOU, Qing LYU, Shixian LIU, Zhenming GE
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)    2023, 2023 (6): 158-167.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2023.06.015
    Abstract301)   HTML10)    PDF (1022KB)(251)      

    Herein, based on existing standards for the measurements of material degradation rates and the degradation abilities of microorganisms, four methods were designed to determine material degradation rates. These four methods included two standard methods (inoculums: composting, vermiculite+composting leachate) and two experimental methods (inoculums: vermiculite+Bacillus, vermiculite+thermophilic bacteria). For this, the raw paper and plastic film (polylactic acid, PLA) components of environmentally friendly tape, as well as the finished tapes, were used as test materials to compare the material degradation rates using the above methods. Throughout the 60-day test cycle, both the PLA films and raw paper presented high degradation rates according to the four methods. The degradation rate of finished tape products increased gradually under the composting and vermiculite+composting leachate treatment and marginally rapidly under the vermiculite+Bacillus treatment. Additionally, under the vermiculite + thermophilic bacteria treatment method, the finished tape materials displayed a markedly higher degradation rate than that produced by other methods (roughly 1.7 ~ 7.5 times). Thus, the addition of microorganisms, particularly thermophilic bacteria, enhances the testing efficiency of material biodegradation rates. Therefore, we suggest that the optimization of degradation cultures can improve the testing efficiency of material degradation parameters, allowing manufacturing enterprises to shorten the research and development cycles of biodegradable products.

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    Method for improving the quality of trajectory data for riding-map inference
    Jie CHEN, Wenyi SHEN, Wenyu WU, Jiali MAO
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)    2023, 2023 (6): 14-27.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2023.06.002
    Abstract231)   HTML16)    PDF (5823KB)(248)      

    The trajectory optimization of cycling is hindered by the errors of positioning equipment, riding habits of non-motor vehicles, and other factors. It leads to quality problems, such as abnormal data and missing positioning information in the riding trajectory, impacting the application of trajectory-based riding-map inference and riding-path planning. To solve these problems, this paper creates a framework for improving the quality of cycling-trajectory data, based on the construction of a grid index, screening of abnormal trajectory points, elimination of wandering trajectory segments, elimination of illegal trajectory segments, calibration of drift trajectory segments, and recovery of missing trajectory. Comparative and ablation experiments are conducted by using a real non-motor-vehicle cycling-trajectory dataset. The experimental results verify that the proposed method improves the accuracy of cycling-map inference.

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    Integrating multi-granularity semantic features into the Chinese sentiment analysis method
    Juxiang REN, Zhongbao LIU
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)    2023, 2023 (6): 95-107.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2023.06.009
    Abstract243)   HTML7)    PDF (898KB)(237)      

    Chinese sentiment analysis is one of important researches in natural language processing, which aims to discover the sentimental tendencies in the Chinese text. In recent years, research on Chinese text sentiment analysis has made great progress in efficiencies, but few studies have explored the characteristics of the language and downstream task requirements. Therefore, in view of the particularity of Chinese text and the requirements of sentiment analysis, using the Chinese text sentiment analysis method that integrates multi-granularity semantic features, such as characters, words, radicals, and part-of-speech is proposed. This introduces radical features and emotional part-of-speech features based on character and word features. Additionally, this integration uses bidirectional the long short-term memory network (BLSTM), attention mechanism and recurrent convolutional neural network (RCNN). The softmax function is used to predict the sentimental tendencies by integrating multi-granularity semantic features. The comparative experiment results on the NLPECC (natural language processing and Chinese computing) dataset showed that the F1 score of the proposed method was 84.80%, which improved the performance of the existing methods to some extent and completed the Chinese text sentiment analysis task.

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    Comparative study of the vertical distribution characteristics of microplastics and sampling methods for microplastics in the water column: A case study in the Jiulong River estuary
    Chunhua JIANG, Jinxu YI, Lixin ZHU, Kai LIU, Changxing ZONG, Daoji LI
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)    2024, 2024 (1): 79-89.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2024.01.009
    Abstract246)   HTML8)    PDF (1342KB)(232)      

    Due to the influence of tidal processes, sampling and study of microplastics in estuarine areas have been hampered by inconsistent research methods and large data errors. In this study, whole-water depth sampling was conducted in the Jiulong River estuary using the pumping method in August of 2019. The abundances and distribution patterns of microplastics among different water layers and stations were analyzed and compared with research studies performed using different sampling methods. The results showed that the microplastic abundances in the surface, middle, and bottom waters of the Jiulong River estuary were markedly different and influenced by tidal effects. The abundances of microplastics obtained by different sampling methods were also significantly different. The abundance of microplastics in the surface water was significantly higher than the abundances in the middle and bottom waters near the source of pollution, and the abundances of microplastics in the middle and bottom waters were higher than the abundance in the surface water within the main estuary, which is subject to strong tidal action and has obvious stratification. The pumping method was more effective than the trawling method at retaining plastic fibers. The volume of water sample filtered by the pumping method and the size of the filtering mesh had significant effects on the abundances and sizes of the obtained microplastics. Different sampling methods lead to considerable differences in microplastic abundance results, and it is necessary to take tidal effects into account during microplastic monitoring in tidal estuaries. Therefore, it is recommended that operational monitoring and flux observations of microplastics in tidal estuaries be established and that sampling methods for observation of full tidal periods of flood and dry seasons and high and low tides should be used.

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    Ergodicity for a class of pure-jump population systems
    Zhenzhong ZHANG, Yeqin CHEN, Huiyuan LIU, Xinping LI, Xin ZHAO
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)    2024, 2024 (2): 1-13.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2024.02.001
    Abstract163)   HTML24)    PDF (716KB)(210)      

    To characterize the effects of stochastic environment and major mutation factors on populations, we consider a class facultative population system based on Markov chains and pure-jump stable processes. First of all, the existence and uniqueness of a global positive solution of the proposed model is discussed. Then, sufficient conditions for ergodicity are specified. Finally, conditions for positive recurrence of the model are presented.

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    Vegetation growth characteristics and the blue carbon effect ofrestored salt marshes at different developmental agesin Hengsha, the Yangtze River Estuary
    Xiaohan ZHANG, Huimin TIAN, Xuechu CHEN, Hualei YANG, Rui DING, Mingming ZHAO, Wenhui YOU
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)    2024, 2024 (1): 113-121.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2024.01.012
    Abstract164)   HTML10)    PDF (1146KB)(184)      

    Coastal salt marsh wetlands have high productivity and low decomposition rates owing to long-term flooding, and these wetlands store a large amount of soil organic carbon. As newly restored salt marsh wetlands develop, changes in vegetation growth traits, soil physicochemical properties, and organic carbon content affect their carbon sequestration function. In this study, using a restored salt marsh wetland in Hengsha (Chongming, Shanghai) as an example, changes in the vegetation growth characteristics and soil organic carbon content of different vegetation communities at varying developmental ages were analyzed using the spatiotemporal substitution method. Key factors affecting the carbon sequestration capacity of these restored wetlands were also identified. The results showed that the organic carbon content in newly restored salt marsh wetlands increased with developmental age over 0 ~ 20 years. Soil porosity and water content were effective indicators of soil organic carbon content changes. The newly restored wetlands had a high soil carbon density, with a total organic carbon density of (21.49 ± 3.67) tC·hm–2 in the 0 ~ 20 cm soil layer of the eight-year-old wetland, similar to that of the natural wetland. The vegetation growth and carbon sequestration capacity of Phragmites australis were higher than those of Scirpus mariqueter and their ecotone.

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    Evaluation of eutrophication by satellite remote sensing based on machine learning: A case study of Huancheng River in Hefei
    Yong ZHANG, Hui WANG, Chuanhua ZHU, Hao ZHOU, Yu ZHAN, Can LI, Yifan XIAO, Lili YANG, Jiaqi LIU
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)    2024, 2024 (1): 1-8, 112.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2024.01.001
    Abstract260)   HTML95)    PDF (1874KB)(178)      

    Taking Huancheng River in Hefei City as the study site, machine learning models such as linear regression, random forest, support vector regression, and lasso regression were utilized to establish the relationship between Landsat8 satellite data and water quality parameters, model the reflectance and water quality parameters of remote sensing image values, and compare the performance of four different models. Results showed that the random forest model performed best, and the accuracy of the inversion models for total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) was above 0.7. The concentration distribution map of water quality parameters showed that the pollution of TN and TP was the most significant in the northeast section of Huancheng River, while NH3-N was most present in the southwest section. The water eutrophication distribution map shows that the water body in the eastern section of the Huancheng River showed a moderate nutrition state.

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    Research on water surface glint removal and information reconstruction methods for unmanned aerial vehicle hyperspectral images
    Shirui WANG, Fang SHEN, Renhu LI, Peng LI
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)    2024, 2024 (1): 36-49.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2024.01.005
    Abstract190)   HTML16)    PDF (3062KB)(172)      

    Suppressing water glint pollution from remote sensing images and reconstructing image information are effective ways to improve the quality of UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) remote sensing information and increase water environment monitoring areas. It is difficult to apply traditional glint information reconstruction algorithms to UAV hyperspectral images. This study proposes an algorithm for automatic glint detection, removal, and information reconstruction. First, NDWI (normalized difference water index) was used to extract the water body, and the lowest value of the sum of grayscale images in the entire band was used as a threshold to segment the glint, and the Laplace operator was used to extract the glint texture. The difference between the two areas was calculated through multiple rounds of morphological expansion and threshold updates. The lowest difference occurrence frequency was obtained by voting, and the best threshold was obtained in reverse to remove the glint automatically. Then, we determined the matching bands based on principal component analysis and compared the minimum similarity of matching blocks of different sizes to obtain the best size of the image blocks. Finally, we used an improved Criminisi algorithm to reconstruct the flare removal region. The removal algorithm was applied to four real glint scenarios with a removal rate > 99%; the reconstruction algorithm results are superior to those of other algorithms both subjectively and objectively, and the difference between the variation coefficient of each band of the glint reconstruction for water and normal water was within 1%, indicating good spectral application capability.

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    Temperature adaptability of dark carbon fixation in seawater fromthe Yangtze River Estuary
    Jiaming CHEN, Shiming WANG, Rongrong YANG, Ziyan CHEN, Xia LIANG, Lijun HOU
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)    2024, 2024 (1): 104-112.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2024.01.011
    Abstract135)   HTML10)    PDF (1260KB)(166)      

    To clarify the effects of global warming on dark carbon fixation (DCF) in eutrophic estuaries, the rates of total DCF and DCF driven by ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (DCFAOB) were studied under various water temperatures and nitrogen concentrations using 14C labeling (NaH14CO3) and the allylthiourea (ATU) inhibitor method. The Yangtze River Estuary was used as a study area and sampling locations were set up in the estuary and offshore locations. The DCF rates in the Yangtze River Estuary ranged from 0.23 to 0.33 μmolC·L–1·d–1 and that DCFAOB rates accounted for 4.13% to 43.61% of the DCF. Although DCF rates increase significantly under optimum temperatures, the increase was more obvious with changes in ambient temperature under low salinity. The optimum temperatures for DCF in areas of low and high salinity were found to be 30℃ and 25℃, respectively, with the addition of ammonia-nitrogen at these conditions significantly increasing the DCF rates. The results of this study reveal how dark carbon fixation in estuarine water can change when subjected to environmental temperature changes, thereby providing theoretical support and data references to aid in the comprehensive understanding and scientific assessment of carbon fixation and carbon sink flux in estuarine ecosystems.

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    Research and design of data synchronization schemes of postgraduate information systems based on microservice
    Huiling TAO, Yilin MA, Ye WANG, Qiwen DONG
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)    2024, 2024 (2): 42-52.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2024.02.006
    Abstract124)   HTML9)    PDF (1018KB)(164)      

    With the popularization of university information system applications and the increase in their usage frequency, teachers and students have higher requirements for data consistency, accuracy, timeliness, and completeness. The original data synchronization scheme using extensible markup language (XML) for data synchronization has the disadvantages of low synchronization efficiency and difficulty of expansion. The open-source tool, DataX, can complete data synchronization between various heterogeneous databases without damaging the source database. This study used DataX to improve the original data synchronization scheme and proposed different data synchronization schemes for various business requirements and application scenarios in the foundation of university postgraduate information system construction. At the same time, in view of the shortcomings of DataX in which only one read can do one write during the start-up and execution, the method where one read can do multiple writes was designed. The comparison experiment shows that the optimized scheme can improve data synchronization efficiency, has better scalability, and can meet the data synchronization requirements of universities.

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    Group contrastive learning for weakly-supervised 3D point cloud semantic segmentation
    Zhihong ZHENG, Haichuan SONG
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)    2024, 2024 (2): 108-118.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2024.02.012
    Abstract148)   HTML8)    PDF (1305KB)(162)      

    Three-dimensional point cloud semantic segmentation is an essential task for 3D visual perception and has been widely used in autonomous driving, augmented reality, and robotics. However, most methods work under a fully-supervised setting, which heavily relies on fully annotated datasets. Many weakly-supervised methods have utilized the pseudo-labeling method to retrain the model and reduce the labeling time consumption. However, the previous methods have failed to address the conformation bias induced by false pseudo labels. In this study, we proposed a novel weakly-supervised 3D point cloud semantic segmentation method based on group contrastive learning, constructing contrast between positive and negative sample groups selected from pseudo labels. The pseudo labels will compete with each other within the group contrastive learning, reducing the gradient contribution of falsely predicted pseudo labels. Results on three large-scale datasets show that our method outperforms state-of-the-art weakly-supervised methods with minimal labeling annotations and even surpasses the performance of some classic fully-supervised methods.

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    Effects of cascade reservoirs in the Yangtze River Basin on estuarine saltwater intrusion and freshwater resources during late summer and early autumn
    Zhi JIN, Jianrong ZHU, Wei QIU
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)    2024, 2024 (1): 90-103.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2014.01.010
    Abstract158)   HTML9)    PDF (6592KB)(153)      

    Large cascade reservoirs in basins impound water in late summer and early autumn and release water in the dry season of the following year. These activities affect seasonal river discharge into the sea which, in turn, affects saltwater intrusion in estuaries and the utilization of freshwater resources. This study evaluated the effective storage capacity of large cascade reservoirs and the value of cross-basin water transfers by the South-to-North Water Transfer Project in the Yangtze River Basin. The estuarine and coastal three-dimensional numerical model ECOM-si was used to simulate and analyze the impact of major projects on estuarine saltwater intrusion and freshwater resources. In 2020, the effective storage capacity of large reservoirs built in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin was 70.611 billion cubic meters with a mean reduction in monthly river discharge of 13,398 m3/s during the storage period of September to October. By 2035, the completion of additional reservoirs in the basin will raise the total effective storage capacity of these reservoirs to 94.388 billion cubic meters and reduce the average monthly runoff by 17909 m3/s during the storage period. Using data on average monthly river discharge measured at the Datong Hydrological Station from 1950 to 2020, and by taking into account variations in river discharge by major projects in the basin, the average monthly river discharge from August to October from 2020 to 2035 in regular- and extra dry hydrological years was calculated. Numerical simulation results show that saltwater intrusion from September to October will increase due to impoundment in cascade reservoirs and decreased river discharge. During regular hydrological years, freshwater can be obtained from the four water reservoirs in the South Branch of the Yangtze River Estuary from September to October. However, water from the Dongfengxisha, Taicang, Chenhang, and Qingcaosha reservoirs is unsuitable for water intake during these months, particularly in extremely dry years. In 2020, the total number of consecutive days with unsuitable water intake from the four reservoirs was 28.75, 24.99, 29.63, and 37.47 days, respectively, and is predicted to rise to 46.53, 44.18, 47.56, and 50.75 days, respectively, in 2035. The impoundment of basin reservoirs in late summer and early autumn during average- and extremely dry hydrological years exposes them to strong northerly winds which can significantly decrease water intake. Basin reservoirs should reduce storage capacity and release water during extremely dry years to ensure the safety of freshwater resources in the Yangtze River Estuary.

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    An efficient algorithm for solving time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation
    Lisha SHU, Guangjiong DONG
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)    2024, 2024 (3): 84-90.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2024.03.009
    Abstract129)   HTML5)    PDF (747KB)(153)      

    The Gross-Pitaevskii equation is widely applied in Bose-Einstein condensate research, yet is rarely analytically determined; thus, it is important to develop a numerical method with high precision to resolve this. Accordingly, a numerical method was developed in this work, considering the splitting step method, Crank-Nicolson algorithm, and Numerov algorithm with four-order accuracy. The corresponding test shows that compared with the finite difference method using five points, the proposed algorithm is more efficient and costs less memory.

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    Evaluation of the effectiveness of coastal ecological restoration based on emergy analysis: A case study from the Yingwuzhou Wetland
    Rui DING, Xuechu CHEN, Wenhui YOU, Jiayu TU
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)    2024, 2024 (1): 68-78.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2024.01.008
    Abstract141)   HTML3)    PDF (956KB)(147)      

    Since the Yingwuzhou Wetland was established over five years ago, we have conducted comprehensive field investigation and monitoring. Constructing a reliable evaluation system with long-term monitoring data is important for the evaluation of coastal ecological restoration projects. Here, we used the emergy analysis method and collected the relevant data through field research, scientific monitoring, and literature review to construct an energy analysis structure chart and emergy value index system for the Yingwuzhou Wetland. The main emergy indexes, such as the natural assets and ecosystem services of the wetland, were analyzed, and its functional performance was compared for different restoration periods. The results show that the total emergy of the natural assets in the Yingwuzhou Wetland in 2021 was 8.92 × 1016 sej, which is equivalent to the emergy-monetary value of 2.247 × 105 yuan; the total emergy of ecosystem services was 8.88 × 1017 sej·a–1. After the implementation of restoration, the ecological quality of Yingwuzhou was significantly improved, and its natural assets and ecosystem service emergy were 5.01 and 5.73 times higher than those before restoration. The emergy self-support ratio (ESR) of the Yingwuzhou Wetland ecosystem was 0.47, and the emergy yield ratio (EYR) and emergy sustainable index (ESI) were 28.29 and 25.03, respectively, indicating that the wetland had high output efficiency and suitable space for sustainable development. This study shows that based on long-term monitoring data, the emergy analysis method can better reflect the effectiveness of coastal ecological restoration projects, and the evaluation system and method can provide reference for similar coastal restoration projects in the future.

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    Hierarchical description-aware personalized recommendation system
    Daojia CHEN, Zhiyun CHEN
    Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science)    2023, 2023 (6): 73-84.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2023.06.007
    Abstract183)   HTML6)    PDF (786KB)(147)      

    Review text contains comprehensive user and item information and it has a great influence on users’ purchase decision. When users interact with different target items, they may show complex interests. Therefore, accurately extracting review semantic features and modeling the contextual interaction between items and users is critical for learning user preferences and item attributes. Focusing on enhancing the personalization capture and dynamic interest modeling abilities of recommender systems, and considering the usefulness of different features, we propose a hierarchical description-aware personalized recommendation (DAPR) algorithm. At the word level of review text, we design a personalized information selection network to extract important word semantic features. At the review level, we design a neural network based on a cross-attention mechanism to dynamically learn the usefulness of reviews, concatenate review summaries as descriptions, and devise a co-attention network to capture rich context-aware features. The analysis of five Amazon datasets reveal that the proposed method can achieve comparable recommendation performance to the baseline models.

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